6th millennium BC Chr.

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The 6th millennium BC Chr. Describes the period from 6000 BC. Until 5000 BC Chr.

Distribution map of the Obed culture .

Age / Epoch

• March 21, 5509 BC Chr .: day of creation according to the Chronicon Paschale . In contrast to this, September 1st was used as New Year's Day in the Byzantine Empire .
• September 1, 5508 BC BC : Beginning of the Byzantine world era Annus Mundi
• Around 5500 BC The Middle Stone Age ends in Central Europe and the early Neolithic of the New Stone Age begins.
• Around 5500 BC The Obed period begins in Mesopotamia , with which the Copper Age begins in the Middle East at about the same time .
• 5199 BC Chr .: year of creation according to Eusebius of Caesarea and Hieronymus .

Events

• Britain is cut off from mainland Europe. The cause is the melting of the glaciers and the associated rise in sea levels. Around 5800 BC A huge landslide occurs near Storegga in southwest Norway . Neolithic settlements in Scotland are flooded.
• Around 5510 BC The Bosphorus is flooded. Salt water breaks into the Black Sea, causing the sea level to rise by more than 100 meters. Numerous settlements on the banks are flooded. Possibly this catastrophe represents a historical background of the Flood in the Gilgamesh epic and in the Bible .
• From 5480 B.C. An extraordinary solar activity leads to an abrupt ¹⁴ C rise in the atmosphere.
• There is a monsoon climate in the Mediterranean region
• Natives in today's US state of Florida used the Windover Bog swamp as a burial site for more than 1000 years .
• The Misox fluctuation dates back to 6200 BC. Chr. To a temporally sharply delimited, relatively short-term climate change , which interrupts the Atlantic (between approx. 8000 BC and approx. 4000 BC). In Mesolithic Central Europe there was a cooling of around 2 ° C within a few decades. In the Middle East in addition to an aridification . This coincides with the last major change in the flow of Lake Agassiz . This event took place about 8,400 years ago when Lake Agassiz flowed into Hudson Bay . This also had considerable climatological consequences and can also be detected in the development of vegetation in Europe for a good hundred years (misox fluctuation).

Archaeological cultures

Millstone with runner of the Peiligang culture

Band ceramic vessels from Central Germany in the holdings of the prehistoric and early historical collection of the University of Jena

Cultures in Egypt

• Merimde culture on the Nile in Egypt , around the end of the 6th millennium to the late 5th or early 4th millennium

Cultures in china

• Cishan culture (approx. 5400-5100 BC) and Peiligang culture (approx. 5600-4900 BC)

Cultures in Europe

• Culture of ribbon ceramics (approx. 5500-5000 BC)
• Starčevo culture (also known as Starčevo-Körös-Criș culture) in Southeastern Europe (approx. 6200-5600 BC)
• Körös culture in Hungary (approx. 6200-5600 BC)
• Vinča culture 5400-4500 BC In Southeast Europe

Cultures in Mesopotamia

• 6200-5700 BC BC: culture of Samarra
• 6000-5100 BC BC: culture of Hacılar
• 5900-4300 BC BC: culture of Obed

Cultures in New Guinea

• The first types of banana Musa ingens and Musa acuminata are cultivated in Kuk

Cultures in India, Pakistan (Balochistan)

• Mehrgarh was a prehistoric settlement group in South Asia and one of the most important archaeological sites of the earliest Neolithic in this region. The remains were found in Balochistan (Pakistan) on the Kachi Plain near the Bolan Pass, west of the Indus Valley and between the present-day cities of Quetta, Kalat and Sibi. The following cultural phases are related to the later Indus culture .
• Mehrgarh II (about 5500-4800 BC) and Mehrgarh III (about 4800-3500 BC) then already belong to the ceramic Neolithic (pottery was therefore in use) and the Copper Age .

Personalities

• assumed lifetime of the Buddha Konagama

Inventions and discoveries

Vinča sign

• Agriculture in the Nile Valley, Egypt
• Invention of the plow
• Around 6000 BC Chr. Became the domestic chicken in China domesticated .
• Around 6000 BC The grapevine was cultivated in the Caucasus and Mesopotamia.
• Around 5600 BC BC: earliest agriculture in Central Europe.
• Around 5500 BC Chr .: irrigation of fields in Mesopotamia.
• Around 5500 BC Chr .: oldest pottery in South Asia ( Mehrgarh ).
• Between 5500 and 5300 BC Chr .: in the north of China, millet , probably millet , is domesticated for the first time .
• Around 5300 BC The so-called Vinča characters or the Danube script were created .
• Around 5200 BC Chr .: Foundation of temples in southern Mesopotamia.
• 5101 BC In the 4th century BC wooden nails were used to nail a wooden well in Saxony ( Bandkeramischer Brunnenbau ). They are therefore the oldest wooden nails in the world and can be precisely dated using the annual rings in the wood.
• Around 5100 BC BC: Cultivation of corn , beans , avocados and pumpkins in Central America .
• Around 5000 BC BC: Cultivation of rice in Asia (east coast of China).

Web links

Commons : 6th millennium BC Chr.  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Michael Bittl, Micha Wolf, Fritz Eicher, Erhard Godehardt, Bob Kooi, Jaap Koppedrayer: Reflexbogen : History and production. Verlag Angelika Hörnig, 2009, ISBN 3-938921-12-9 , p. 11
2. ↑ Henriette Joseph: Oberlausitzer Heide- und Teichlandschaft: a regional study in the area of ​​Lohsa, Klitten, Großdubrau and Baruth. Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2005, ISBN 3-412-08903-6 , p. 58
3. ↑ Peter Roger Stuart Moorey: Ancient mesopotamian materials and industries: the archaeological evidence. Eisenbrauns, 1999, ISBN 1-57506-042-6 , p. Xix
4. ^ HWF Saggs: Babylonians. University of California Press, 2000, ISBN 0-520-20222-8 , p. 25
5. ^ Vincent C. Pigott: The archaeometallurgy of the Asian old world. UPenn Museum of Archeology, 1999, ISBN 0-924171-34-0 , p. 73
6. ↑ Erich Ebeling and Bruno Meissner : Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Aräologie. Walter de Gruyter, 1980, ISBN 3-11-007192-4 , p. 153
7. ↑ Norbert Clemens Baumgart and Gerhard Ringshausen: The Flood. LIT Verlag Münster, 2005, ISBN 3-8258-7931-3 , p. 35
8. ^ Christian M. Schoppe and Siegfried G. Schoppe: Atlantis and the Flood: the first advanced civilization sank in 5510 BC in the Black Sea. BoD - Books on Demand, 2004, ISBN 3-8334-1391-3 , p. 12
9. ^ Daniel Lingenhöhl: Solar storm: Mysterious solar event discovered . Spektrum.de , February 10, 2017.
10. ↑ Peter Rasmussen, Mikkel Ulfeldt Hede, Nanna Noe-Nygaard, Annemarie L. Clarke, Rolf D. Vinebrooke: Environmental response to the cold climate event 8200 years ago as recorded at Højby Sø, Denmark. (PDF) In: Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 15, 2008, pp. 57–60.
11. ↑ Austria Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management: How many species do humans need ?: A search for clues. Böhlau Verlag Vienna, 2010, ISBN 3-205-78516-9 , p. 239
12. ^ Hugh Johnson and Jancis Robinson : The Wine Atlas. Gräfe und Unzer, 2008, ISBN 3-8338-1219-2 , p. 13
13. ↑ Burkhard Scherer : Myth, Catalog and Prophecy: Studies on the Argonautics of Apollonios Rhodios. Franz Steiner Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-515-08808-3 , p. 59
14. ^ Anton Grabner-Haider : Cultural History of the Bible. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2007, ISBN 3-525-57309-X , p. 34
15. ↑ Angelika Franz: The oldest wooden nails in the world . In: Der Spiegel , December 30, 2010. Retrieved March 6, 2012.