Adolf Friedrich von Oppen

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Adolf Friedrich von Oppen (* December 4, 1762 at Alt- Gatersleben ; † August 27, 1834 at Gut Siede, Soldin district ) was a Prussian lieutenant general and most recently a brigade chief in the "Tauentzien" corps.

Life

origin

His parents were Georg Wilhelm von Oppen (1731–1771) and his wife Johanna Dorothea, née Heine, widowed Ziehmann (1724–1779).

Military career

Oppen came to the school of the Berge monastery near Magdeburg on September 8, 1772 . He then chose a military career and on October 4, 1772 became a standard junker in the cuirassier regiment "von Seelhorst" . On June 9, 1778 he became a cornet there and took part in the War of the Bavarian Succession in 1778/79 . On November 13, 1785 Oppen rose to secondary lieutenant and also took part in the campaign in Holland in 1787 . As a prime lieutenant he fought during the First Coalition War near Valmy and the sieges of Verdun , Longwy, Mainz and Laudau . He also took part in the battle of Kaiserslautern and the battles of Weißenburg, Oberursel, Hochheim, Meckenheim, Edinghofe and the Schätzel.

On April 10, 1795, Oppen was staff rider and on October 6, 1797 Rittmeister . As such, he became company commander in the Garde du Corps regiment on July 17, 1798 and major on October 3, 1798 . A few years later on January 24, 1803, he was transferred to the 14th Dragoon Regiment as commander . On January 5, 1805, he received 1000 thalers as a gift from the king. During the Fourth Coalition War , Oppen fought in the battle near Weimar and was injured when Prenzlau surrendered and was taken prisoner. It was exchanged on May 1, 1807 and was promoted to lieutenant colonel on June 17, 1807 with a patent from May 17, 1807 . After his arrival in Memel, Oppen was awarded the order Pour le Mérite on June 18, 1807 for his services at Weimar . There he was able to successfully cover the retreat of the Hohenlohe Corps through the burning Weimar during a cavalry attack with four half squadrons of his regiment. He escorted the king to Sömmerda and still fought at Nordhausen.

On October 4, 1808, Oppen was appointed commander of the "Queen" Dragoon Regiment , and on November 21, 1808, he was additionally charged with commanding the Pomeranian cavalry. On May 20, 1809, he became a colonel with a patent from May 24, 1809 . On September 18, 1810, he was appointed brigade commander. Then on November 12, 1811 he received his departure as major general and a pension of 800 thalers. With the defeat of Napoleon in Russia, the wars of liberation began . Like many officers, Oppen was brought back and Bülow asked him to be a brigadier.

On March 5, 1813, he became the leader of the vanguard of the "Bülow" corps. During the campaign in 1813/14 he took part in the battle near Zehdenick, Hoyerswerda, Vehlitz (Möckern), Luckau , Wittstock and the battles of Großbeeren , Dennewitz and Leipzig . Oppen also fought near Arnhem and Halle .

After the armistice he became leader of the reserve cavalry of III. Army corps under Bülow. It consisted of 30 squadrons, which were divided into three brigades and two mounted batteries. On August 22nd, he had to cover August von Thümen's withdrawal from Wittstock. In November he led Bülow's vanguard to Holland. On November 23, 1813, Oppen was able to take Doesburg by surprise, with Valentini standing by his side as a general staff officer. On the 24th he took Zütphen. An attack on Arnhem on the 25th initially failed. On the 30th the main force appeared under Bülow and this time the attack was successful. On December 14th he crossed the Waal and occupied the Bommel fortress . Then he came to the battle at Waal, occupied the abandoned Fort Crevecoeur and appeared before Herzogenbusch , which he attacked unsuccessfully on December 19 on Bülow's orders. On January 13, 1814, he was able to push the French back to Antwerp. Oppen then moved into France, where he fought near Laon . On February 18, 1815 he was brigade chief in Magdeburg, but on March 20, 1815, brigade chief in the "Tauentzien" corps.

For the battle near Vehlitz Oppen received the Iron Cross 2nd class and on June 11, 1813 the Cross 1st class for Luckau. On June 8, 1813, the Russian Russian Order of St. Anna II. Class with diamonds. On October 21, 1813, Oppen was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle III for Dennewitz . Class and on November 17, 1813 awarded the Order of the Sword . On January 6, 1814 received the promotion to lieutenant general. Since his health had suffered, Oppen was given two months' leave on August 16, 1814, in order to restore his health in the baths of Bad Pyrmont . On February 21, 1816 he received his farewell and a pension of 2000 Talers as well as the Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class. He died on August 27, 1834 from his estate Siede.

family

Oppen married Katharina Wilhelmine von Faggyas (1764-1815) on November 3, 1790 in Gatersleben. The couple had the following children:

  • Karl August Rudolf (1792–1872), Major a. D. , Herr auf Gatersleben, from June 21, 1833 from Oppen-Schilden ⚭ 1819 Rosalie Friccius von Schilden, divorced Schilden-Horst (1786–1864)
  • Gustav Adolf (1793–1813), killed as prime lieutenant at Großgörschen
  • Karl Georg Friedrich (1795–1876), Prussian major general ⚭ 1828 Karoline von Pritzelwitz († 1870)
  • Klara Adelheid Philippine (* 1797) ⚭ July 3, 1817 Friedrich Wilhelm Lebrecht Stubenrauch, district administrator and master of Deetz
  • Wilhelmine Agnes (* 1800) ⚭ July 10, 1818 Ferdinand von Salisch (1790–1846), Prussian major general
  • Ilse Wilhelmine Philippine Emanuele (1802–1824) ⚭ 1821 (divorced) Karl von Müllenheim († 1821), Rittmeister
  • Franz Georg Hermann Alexander August Konstantin Eugen (1805–1886), retired lieutenant. D., Herr auf Politzig (Meseritz district) ⚭ 1832 Marie Louise Elise Palm (1812–1882)
  • Georg Alexander Adolf Eberhard (1807-1884), Lieutenant Colonel ret. D. ⚭ 1834 Louise von Pawelsz (1810–1883)

After the death of his first wife, he married Anna Sophie Christine von Beyer, widowed von Bergen (1770-1820), on June 16, 1817 in Aschersleben. On October 11, 1821, he married his third wife Jeannette Wichardine von Rohr (1788–1871) in Berlin. The couple had the following children:

  • Alexandra Karoline Rosalie Philippine Henriette Klara Johann Luise (1822–1879)
⚭ 1841 Hermann von Bonin († 1857), Major a. D.
⚭ 1859 Hugo Freiherr von Loën (1819–1890)
  • Karl (1824–1896), Prussian lieutenant general
⚭ 1852 Valeska von Drieberg (1833–1862)
⚭ Luise Gabriele Marie Countess von Itzenplitz (1839–1901), daughter of Heinrich Friedrich von Itzenplitz
  • Elisabeth Klara Natalie Agnes Emilie Charlotte (1827–1890) ⚭ Adolf von Bonin (1803–1872), Prussian general
  • Therese Adolfine Jeannette (1829–1909) ⚭ 1858 Wilhelm Graf Finck von Finckenstein (1815–1876), dike captain and master of Ziebingen

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Handbook of the Prussian Nobility. Volume 2, 1893, pp. 465f. The Oppen-Schilden family
  2. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser to the year 1873. P. 441.
  3. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Gräfliche Häuser to the year 1872. P. 254.
personal data
SURNAME Oppen, Adolf Friedrich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian lieutenant general and finally brigade chief in the "Tauentzien" corps
DATE OF BIRTH December 4, 1762
PLACE OF BIRTH on Alt- Gatersleben
DATE OF DEATH August 27, 1834
Place of death to Gut Siede, Soldin district