Albinistrasse
The Albinistraße is a city road in Mainz-Altstadt . It connects the Christ Church on Kaiserstraße with the Mainz Rhine promenade around the Electoral Palace . The street is designated as a monument zone because of its urban and historical significance . In addition, the houses on the street are also listed as cultural monuments in the informational register of cultural monuments of the independent city of Mainz. The 150 meter long street was named after the Electoral Mainz court chancellor and minister Franz Joseph von Albini .
history
The settlement of the area near Mainz Neustadt began in the 19th century. At that time, the palace square of the Electoral Palace was a parade ground for exercises by the Mainz military. To the north of what will later be Albinistraße, there was an infirmary for soldiers injured in the war, which took four years to build. In addition, there was a rare monument of the historic city wall of the old town of Mainz.
At the end of the 19th century, the first considerations began to restore and renovate the old electoral palace . Shortly afterwards, thought was given to expanding and modernizing the surroundings of the castle. In 1879 a building survey was made . As a result, various considerations were made about what to do with the castle and the surrounding area. The representativeness and the exposed location on the Rhine were also taken into account. Construction work began in 1899 and lasted until 1924. In the following time, a great conflict arose in the population of Mainz: The genius management wanted to expand and expand the war hospital barracks at the castle, while the citizens and politicians made ever increasing demands to restore the electoral castle and to make it representative in the area and on the Rhine enlarge and improve. Finally, in 1899, the conflict decided in favor of the citizens of Mainz. The military gave up its claim to its barracks and the area around the castle and the city of Mainz became the owner of the facility. The demolition of the castle barracks began on October 5th, 1903, after the Alice barracks in Neustadt had been completed in 1903 and the 117s had moved . In 1900 the city of Mainz wrote out a development plan for the conversion site.
Friedrich Pützer from Darmstadt finally won the competition . His plan was to completely redesign and rebuild the area south of today's Kaiserstraße with the banks of the Rhine up to the level of the Theodor-Heuss-Brücke . His design focused on the palace square. More representative buildings were to be built around it. Furthermore, he planned to revive the old picturesque architecture in Mainz, to crown the tower of the former town hall and to block numerous bay windows , gables and arcades . In addition, numerous special monuments were to be created in the vicinity of the Electoral Palace. Finally, Pützer added two special accents to the new area based on an urban planning concept by the Austrian architect Camillo Sitte : Greiffenklaustraße and Albinistraße.
Three years after the restoration of the castle began in 1902, the new construction of the area began. In 1904 the old barracks at the castle were finally torn down. Two years later, the buildings of the Mainz City Library and the old Gutenberg Museum were opened, and in 1908 the new courthouse at Ernst-Ludwig-Strasse 3 was inaugurated. With the beginning of the First World War in 1914, the Realgymnasium , today the grammar school at the Electoral Palace , and the buildings on the banks of the Rhine were completed. In 1924 a new administration building in Mainz was opened at Ernst-Ludwig-Straße 7.
architecture
The monument zone consists of the area around the Electoral Palace. In addition to the older surroundings around the castle in Mainz's old town, this includes the street parts of Ernst-Ludwig-Strasse, Diether-von-Isenburg-Strasse , Greiffenklaustrasse and Albinistrasse built at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century . The parking lot south of the castle and the southern border of the monument zone, the replica of the Dativius-Victor arch , also belong to the zone. The architecture of the monument zone on the edge of the districts Mainz-Altstadt and Mainz-Neustadt is important for the construction of a new city center in this area at the beginning of the 20th century. Although much significant architecture was destroyed in World War I and World War II, much of it remains today.
The residential buildings in Albinistraße have one thing in common: all buildings had five floors when they were built. Albinistraße was built as a shopping street : the shop was on the ground floor while the owners and other citizens had their apartments on the upper floors. Today, the shops on the ground floors have mostly been converted into apartments, and there are only a few small retailers and practices . Almost all of the listed houses on the street have a similar appearance. This is due to the fact that most of the monuments were planned by the architect Johann Theodor Schmitt . As a result of renovations and new constructions, however, numerous buildings have been significantly changed and are often no longer recognizable in their original state. Almost all of the buildings are eaves , most of the houses are now tenement houses . The buildings were built with yellow and red brick and have a sandstone structure . Many buildings also have large bay windows . The decorations, which are only available in small numbers, have styles from Gothic architecture. They are mainly found in the crowning of windows and parapets .
Significant structures
Odd house numbers
Albinistraße 3 was built in 1904 and 1905. As with most of the houses in the street, the architect was Johann Theodor Schmitt . The first owner and client of the house construction was the master cooper Kaspar Schilling from Mainz . Originally there were two shops on the ground floor. Today a box bay window, Gothic decorations, the original staircase and some old apartment doors have been preserved. In addition, balconies with parts of tracery have been preserved. House number 11 was one of the last buildings to be built on Albinistraße. It was completed in 1906 according to plans by Martin Zimmermann. The client was the master painter Joseph Esch. There are numerous festoons and coat of arms stones on the facade , inside there is an Art Nouveau staircase . Right next door is house number 13. The building was designed in 1904 by the architect P. Scheuren for the teacher W. Kempf. A shop was installed on the ground floor, but it no longer exists today. Anomalies on the house are the sandstone, the framework , tracery and the old door leaf on the ground floor. Gothic and Art Nouveau-like decorations can be found on the upper floors. In addition, a box-shaped bay window, a loggia and a stepped gable were installed here. Another special building is Albinistraße 15: It was planned by Reinhold Weisse in 1903 for the Mainz master plumber Michael Eckert. This building also had a shop on the ground floor when it was built. As a special feature, the house has a bay window that had a gable until the Second World War. There are also volutes and decorations with Gothic and Renaissance styles on the building . The neighboring house with the house numbers 17 and 19 was one of the first houses built in the Albinistraße: It was built in 1902 to plans by Adam Roedler for the locksmith built Heinrich Zeiträger. Today, both the five floors and the oriel with tracery have been preserved.
Even house numbers
Albinistraße 6 was planned by Johann Theodor Schmitt from 1903 to 1904. The builders were G. Graulich and the grocer JE Dorn. A shop used to be on the ground floor of the original five-story building. Gothic decorations, frameworks on the second and third floors, tracery and the initial staircase as well as some doors are preserved today. The building at Albinistraße 8 was built in 1904 for Kaspar Schilling, like Albinistraße 3. Monumental details are the detailed facade and a box bay window. The fourth and fifth floors of the were destroyed in the Second World War and rebuilt in the post-war period . Albinistraße 10 is one of the oldest houses in the street. It was built in 1902 for JE Dorn according to plans by Johann Theodor Schmitt. A special feature of the building is that this house, which is a rarity, has only four floors and a remarkable mansard roof . At the time of construction, a shop and a restaurant were located on the ground floor , today there are apartments. Other noticeable features are Gothic decorations on parapets, windows, stairwells and doors. The building at Albinistraße 12 is located next door. It was built in 1904 for Michael Eckert and Jacob Gerheim according to plans by Johann Theodor Schmitt. There was a shop on the ground floor, which is now locked. It is worth mentioning a large bay window, gothic decorated windows, tracery on balconies and the original door leaf at the house entrance.
See also
literature
- Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: pp. 42-47. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
Web links
- Informational directory of the cultural monuments of the district-free city of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) published by the General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: p. 44. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
- ↑ a b c d e f g Directory of cultural monuments District-Free City of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
- ↑ a b c d e Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: p. 42. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
- ^ Alfred Börckel : Mainz as a fortress and garrison from Roman times to the present . Verlag von J. Diemer, Mainz 1913, p. 295 .
- ^ Alfred Börckel: Mainz as a fortress and garrison from Roman times to the present . Verlag von J. Diemer, Mainz 1913, p. 292 .
- ↑ a b c Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: p. 46. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 26.6 ″ N , 8 ° 16 ′ 5.8 ″ E