Office Wurzen

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The Wurzen Office was a territorial administrative unit belonging to the Wurzen Abbey of the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806 . After the abbey office of Wurzen was dissolved in 1818, the office of Wurzen was a sovereign office in the Leipzig district of the Kingdom of Saxony .

Until the end of the Saxon constitution of offices in 1856, it was the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army successes . The official seat was in Wurzen Castle .

Geographical location

The Wurzen Office, originally called Wurzener Land , formed the northern part of the Wurzen Abbey Office. It was mostly east of the United Mulde in the north of today's Leipzig district , on the border with the Northern Saxony district , with the large district town of Wurzen on the eastern high bank of the Mulde as its central location . The existing 1953 to 1994, county or district Wurzen was about the old pen area of Wurzener country. It had only been expanded to include several communities west of the Mulde.

Two exclaves were to the west of the office in the Eilenburg office , and one directly east of the Wurzen office. Three other exclaves were located further away in the Elbe valley near Belgern and Mühlberg / Elbe , as well as an exclave on the Jahna in the Oschatz district .

Adjacent administrative units

The Wurzen office was the northern part of the Wurzen monastery office , which was separated from the southern part of the monastery office with the Mügeln and Sornzig offices by the electoral office of Mutzschen .

Office Eilenburg Office Torgau
Leipzig District Office Grimma inheritance Neighboring communities Office Oschatz
Inheritance Grimma Office Mutzschen

history

prehistory

The oldest mention of a settlement with the name Wurzen ( Vurcine ) comes from a document by Otto I from the year 961. The castle and the market settlement derived their importance from their location at the junction of the Via Regia over the river Mulde and their intersection with one old salt road from Halle to Prague . The city of Wurzen belonged to the diocese of Merseburg until 995 and then came to the diocese of Meißen . The diocese border was formed by the Mulde.

The Wurzener Land under the rule of the Diocese of Meißen

The origins of the Wurzen Abbey can be found in the collegiate monastery founded in 1114 by Bishop Herwig von Meißen in the city of Wurzen . The outskirts of the city became a secular territorial rule with the name " Wurzener Land " ("terra wurciniensis") under the administration of noblemen on behalf of the bishops of Meissen . Bishop Johann VI. von Saalhausen had Wurzen Castle built as a bishopric at the end of the 15th century . It was the residence of the bishops of Meissen until 1581. After the Leipzig division of the Wettin lands in 1485, the patronage over Wurzen and the Wurzen land was jointly exercised by the Ernestines and Albertines . Both lines were ultimately out to secularization of the episcopal territory, which u. a. 1542 led to the so-called " Wurzener Feud ". The feud was immediately preceded by the dispute between Duke Moritz (Albertiner) and Elector Johann Friedrich (Ernestiner) over the use of the tax money in this area. Johann Friedrich also asked Wurzen Abbey to pay the ( Turkish tax ) to finance the Turkish wars , which the Abbey refused to pay.

The Wurzener Land at the time of the Reformation

The Wurzener feud took Johann Friedrich in 1542 as an opportunity to intervene in the powers of the pen Wurzen to the Reformation enforce. In the 16th century the monastery became Protestant. After the Reformation, the Wurzen Collegiate Monastery was continued as a Lutheran cathedral chapter , which still exists today. The Wurzen office was established in 1554.

The Wurzen office under the rule of the Wettin monastery government (1581-1818)

On October 20, 1581 the last bishop Johann IX thanked . from Haugwitz . With the resignation of the last bishop of Meissen Johann IX. (Haugwitz) 1581 the offices Wurzen, were Mügeln and Sornzig completely into the since 1547 Albertine Electorate incorporated, although there are still a pen Office Wurzen to 1818 by a specially created "Electoral Saxon pin Government" ( by the pen Meissen prescribed captain Chancellor and Councilors ) was administered on behalf of the Dresden court. In 1816, an exclave of the Torgau office, which had been ceded to Prussia by the Congress of Vienna, came to office with the towns of Collmen (enclave), Röcknitz and Treben.

The area of ​​the Wurzen office after the dissolution of the Wettin monastery government in 1818

Due to the defeat of the Kingdom of Saxony , which was allied with Napoleon , in 1815 the Congress of Vienna decided to assign the Kingdom of Saxony to the Kingdom of Prussia , which also affected a part of the north of the Wurzen office, u a. the Exklaves Pressen and Gallen in the Eilenburg office and five places belonging to the Eilenburg office under the manorial rule of the Thallwitz manor.

After the Wurzen Abbey was dissolved in 1818, the Wurzen, Mügeln and Sornzig offices became sovereign offices in the Leipzig district of the Kingdom of Saxony . The Wurzen office existed until 1856 and was then replaced by the Wurzen court office.

Associated places

The Wurzener Land extended around 1300 from the watershed between Saale and middle Mulde to that between Mulde and Elbe over an area of ​​275 km² with 56 villages.

Cities

u. a.

Official Villages

u. a.

Official villages (exclaves)

The exclaves Gallen and Pressen were ceded to Prussia in 1815.

Villages of the Office Eilenburg under the lordship of the manor stiftswurzenischen Thallwitz (1815 ceded to Prussia)
Official villages that came from the Torgau to the Wurzen in 1816
Official villages that came to the Wurzen office in 1843
  • Makers (from the Grimma inheritance)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Burkhardt: Die Wurzener Feud , in: Karl von Weber (ed.): Archive for the Saxon History, Volume 4, Issue 1, Leipzig 1865, pp. 57-81 Digitized of the entire edition (pdf, 14.4MB) .

literature

Web links