Arrouaise

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Arrouaise (Latin Aroasia, etc.) is the name of a forest, a monastery and an order of canons that developed from this monastery. However, the exact location of the abbey is not known, especially since 'arrouaise' could have been simply an adjective to Arras or Artois (today's adjective forms are 'arrageois' and 'artesian').

History and character

The layman Rogerius retired there with hermit intent and after some time received two companions: Heldemar from the Tournai area and Cono from southern Germany. Gradually, more and more followers joined this community. Rogerius was murdered by one of the members, and Heldemar succumbed to injuries sustained in an argument. So in 1097 Cono took over the management. The first bishop of the newly founded diocese of Arras Lambert of Guînes , who had previously been a member of the Canonical Regular Saint-Quentin in Beauvais , gave the community a statute and a donation. In the course of time, Cono became a bishop, cardinal and papal legate. In 1106 the first church was consecrated in Arrouaise. In 1107 the community received papal confirmation by Paschal II. In 1121 Gervasius became abbot of the monastery. He reformed the monastery by adding his own implementing regulations to the Augustine rules, which he was inspired by Bernhard von Clairvaux . This is how the Constitutiones canonicorum regularium ordinis Arroasiensis arose with the help of the Cistercian Summa Cartae Caritatis. The rule followed was the so-called "Regula tertia", ie a life according to the "ordo antiquus" of the regular canons. But the rules of Prémontré also came into play.

The Arrouaise Abbey became the center of the Arrouaise Order , a monastic association of Augustinian Canons . In 1138, Bishop Athelwold of Carlisle reformed his cathedral chapter on the model of Arrouaise, and the order spread rapidly in England.

The roads that crossed the Arrouaise forest, often along the ancient Roman roads , connected Paris with Flanders in a north-south direction, but also - as Via Francigena - Calais (and thus England ) with Dijon and Burgundy , had economic and diplomatic, but also as a pilgrimage to Rome importance.

The monastic community was dedicated to the supply of travelers who wanted to cross the then extensive and now largely felled forest of Arrouaise , which stretched like a bar from the foothills of the Ardennes in the east north of Saint-Quentin to Bapaume south of Arras .

Presumed location of the abbey

The area in which the monastery is to be found would be the headwaters of the Somme , Sambre and Scheldt rivers , in which there is a village called l'Arrouaise, 11.5 kilometers south of Le Cateau-Cambrésis on the road to Guise , northeast of Wassigny on the border of the Aisne department and the North department ; However, this Arrouaise is so remote from the main traffic routes that it is only suitable for the hermitage, but hardly for the provision of travelers.

Further west, at Aubencheul-aux-Bois on today's national road 44, halfway between Cambrai and Saint-Quentin, "in the middle of the Arrouaise forest", there was a small abbey founded in the 11th century; In the vicinity of this abbey are the places Mesnil-en-Arrouaise (in the Somme department 10 kilometers southeast of Bapaume) and south-east Montigny-en-Arrouaise (in the Aisne department 15 kilometers northeast of Saint-Quentin) and - in the immediate vicinity - Gouy which was formerly called Gouy-en-Arrouaise. Aubencheul lies on the border between Picardy and Hainaut and is much better suited as a location for supplying travelers or pilgrims. The ruins of this abbey are four kilometers south of Gouy at the source of the Escaut in a place that is now called Mont-Saint-Martin.

Houses of the Arrouaise Order

In England

In Ireland

In Silesia

literature

  • Ludo Milis / Benoît-Michel Tock (ed.): Monumenta Arroasiensia. Textes narratifs et diplomatiques de l'abbaye d'Arrouaise. Turnhout 2000.
  • Ludo Milis: L'ordre des chanoines régulieres d'Arrouaise. Bruges 1969.
  • Ludo Milis: Constitutiones canonicorum regularium ordinis Arroaensis (Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina XX).
  • Abbé Rémy: Article “Arrouaise”. In: Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Monumenta Arroasiensia p. 21.
  2. ↑ Milis (1969) Volume IS 97.
  3. ^ Constitutiones, Introduction S. LXXI.
  4. ↑ Rémy Sp. 729.
  5. ^ Dietmar Popp , Robert Suckale: The Jagiellonians: Art and culture of a European dynasty at the turn of the modern age . Germanisches Nationalmuseum, 2002, ISBN 978-3-926982-85-8 , p. 113 .