Le Cateau-Cambrésis
| Le Cateau-Cambrésis | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Hauts-de-France | |
| Department | North | |
| Arrondissement | Cambrai | |
| Canton | Le Cateau-Cambrésis (main town) | |
| Community association | Caudrésis et Catésis | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 6 ′ N , 3 ° 32 ′ E | |
| height | 84-157 m | |
| surface | 27.24 km 2 | |
| Residents | 6,933 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 255 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 59360 | |
| INSEE code | 59136 | |
| Website | www.lecateau.fr | |
Le Cateau-Cambrésis ( Dutch Kamerijkskasteel ) is a French municipality with 6933 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in Nord in the region of Hauts-de-France . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Cambrai and is the administrative seat of the canton of Le Cateau-Cambrésis . The municipality belongs to the community association (Intercommunalité) Communauté de communes du Pays de Matisse .
geography
The municipality is located on the slopes of the valley of the Selle and at an important historical road junction, 22 kilometers from Cambrai and 35 kilometers from Valenciennes on Route nationale 43 .
history
Le Cateau-Cambrésis was formed from the two hamlets of Péronne and Vendelgies; The latter had a wooden castle, the Château Sainte-Marie, which stood at the intersection of two Roman roads .
Emperor Otto III. 1001 allowed the Bishop of Cambrai to strengthen the castle and also to fortify the place, to set up a market and to mint coins here. The name of the place then changed to Chastel en Cambrésis, from which the current name became.
The policy of the bishops of Cambrai enabled the city to become wealthy, despite various sieges and destruction, each of which was followed by rebuilding. The English conquered the place in the 15th century and held it until 1449 when it was conquered by Jean de Dunois .
King Francis I stayed here in 1521 and again in 1543. In 1555 the city was sacked by the French in retaliation for the friendly welcome given to Emperor Charles V. 1559 France and signed here Spain the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis , the two states of their kings, Henry II. And Philip II. Were represented. With these treaties, France received the fortified places on the Somme and the three dioceses of Metz , Toul and Verdun .
In 1642, Le Cateau-Cambrésis was occupied by French troops. Louis XIII had the gates and walls torn down. 1678 the city was after the Peace of Nijmegen the Domaine royal added. During the Revolutionary Wars and the German Empire, the city was occupied by the Austrians in 1793 and by Russia in 1814 , which stationed a troop here for two years.
The First World War severely damaged Le Cateau-Cambrésis. In the Battle of Le Cateau on August 26, 1914, British soldiers opposed the German advance and thus enabled the French to reorganize for the Battle of the Marne . After the battle, German troops set up a military cemetery, which is now looked after by the Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge . In October 1918, the remains of the city were completely destroyed by a German cannonade in the course of the Allied Hundred Days Offensive . In the interwar period , Le Cateau was rebuilt almost identically.
In mid-May 1940, during World War II ( western campaign ), the 7th Panzer Division under Erwin Rommel moved through the town after a few skirmishes in the area. Shortly before, Wehrmacht troops had penetrated strong French defensive positions in the Battle of Sedan (May 13-15, 1940). The place was liberated on September 3, 1944 by troops of the 1st US Army .
Attractions
See also: List of Monuments historiques in Le Cateau-Cambrésis
- Musée Départemental Henri Matisse in the Palais Fénelon
- Jardin public municipal
- Hôtel de Ville (town hall) with bell tower ( belfry )
- Saint Martin Collegiate Church
- Glass window by Auguste Herbin in the École primaire of the same name
- old citywall
- Lefebvre-Scalabrino Brewery and Malthouse ( Monument historique )
Town twinning
Le Cateau-Cambrésis has twinned cities with
- Cave in the Lazio region (Italy), 2006
- Westerburg in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany)
- Wielsbeke in Flanders (Belgium)
Personalities
- Édouard Adolphe Mortier (1768–1835), Duke of Treviso, Imperial Marshal of France
- Charles Deudon (1832–1914), art collector
- Henri Matisse (1869–1954), painter
- Pierre Nord (1900–1985), resistance fighter and writer
- Raymond Poïvet (1910–1999), cartoonist
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Nord. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-119-8 , pp. 494-508.
Web links
- Office du tourisme du pays de Matisse ( Memento of October 13, 2002 in the Internet Archive )
- Beffroivision
- La communauté de communes du Pays de Matisse - Presentation of the communauté de communes consisting of the municipalities of Catillon-sur-Sambre, La Groise, Le Cateau-Cambrésis, Mazinghien, Neuvilly, Rejet-de-Beaulieu and Saint-Souplet Escaufourt.
- Illustration by Frans Hogenberg from 1581: When Duc Alnson had conquered Camrich a wonderful stat ... Jerket als balt vor Cammerzi ... ( digitized version )
Individual evidence
- ^ De Nederlanden in Frankrijk, Jozef van Overstraeten, 1969
- ↑ Le Cateau war cemetery - construction, maintenance and repair. volksbund.de, accessed on July 7, 2016 .
- ↑ Ian F. Beckett: Rommel: A Reappraisal , pp. 35 (map) to 38 ( online )
- ↑ www.lecateau.fr: Petite histoire de la ville du Cateau
- ↑ Chronology (English)