Artur Becker (politician)
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Artur Becker (born May 12, 1905 in Remscheid , † May 16, 1938 in Burgos , Spain ) was a functionary of the Communist Youth Association of Germany (KJVD), member of the Reichstag and fighter in the Spanish Civil War .
Life
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After primary school in Remscheid got to Becker, the locksmith - and Dreher craft . As a teenager he joined the Free Socialist Youth in 1919 , the Communist Youth Association (KJVD) in 1920 and the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) in 1922 .
During the occupation of the Ruhr area in 1923, he was involved in active resistance.
From 1926 he was active as a politician, first as head of the communist youth in the Lower Rhine from 1926 to 1928, from 1928 as a member of the executive committee of the Communist Youth International and from 1931 to 1932 as chairman of the central committee of the KJVD. In 1930 he was elected to the Reichstag through the Reich election proposal of the KPD. In the Reichstag elections in July and November 1932 and in March 1933 , he was elected as one of the members of constituency 23 ( Düsseldorf- West). Since the mandates of the KPD in the parliament elected in 1933 were canceled before the constituent session, Becker was a member of the Reichstag from October 1930 to January 1933. He was the youngest member of the house.
As a political opponent of the National Socialists , he was forced to emigrate in 1933 and fled to Moscow .
He later organized the struggle for the Spanish Republic . From August 1937 he took part in the armed fighting, from spring 1938 as political commissar of the Thälmann battalion of the international brigades . On April 13, 1938, he was seriously wounded and taken prisoner by the French . After several weeks of interrogation, he is said to have been shot dead in a Burgos prison on May 16, 1938 . According to a Gestapo report from August 1939, Gestapo officials were in Spain who interrogated prisoners and also tried to find Becker. Apparently this did not succeed; Becker may have died under an assumed name in a hospital, according to the Gestapo report.
Honors
After the end of National Socialism, Artur Becker received extensive honors in the GDR . Streets, schools and industrial plants, for example the youth power station "Artur Becker" Trattendorf , and the officers' college of the Ministry of the Interior were named after him. The youth organization Free German Youth has been awarding the Artur Becker Medal in gold, silver and bronze for outstanding performance in the socialist youth association since 1960 - each with a cash bonus.
The former GST diver training ship “Artur Becker” reminded of him. In 1990 “Artur Becker” became the sponsorship of the Hanseatic City of Greifswald . In 1992 the city left the ship to the Greifswald diving club for use. It was in use until 2010, then was sold to Denmark and scrapped there in 2012.
A torpedo speedboat of the GDR Volksmarine and also the barracks of the 8th tank regiment of the NVA were named after Artur Becker.
After the end of the GDR, objects and streets named after Artur Becker were largely renamed. Artur-Becker-Strasse in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg got its old name back in November 1995, Kniprodestrasse . The Artur-Becker-Oberschule still exists in the Saxon city of Delitzsch . Another street is named after him in Fürstenwalde as well as in Rostock , Neuruppin , Jena , Spremberg , Spreenhagen and Strausberg . In Eisenach a hostel is named after him. In Bad Lobenstein , the extended secondary school was named before it was renamed Christian-Gottlieb-Reichard-Gymnasium in 1994.
In Remscheid (North Rhine-Westphalia) there is a meeting place called "Artur Becker Centrum", which is run by an association. A stumbling block was laid here in his memory.
In Berlin (Scheidemannstrasse / Platz der Republik, near the Reichstag ) one of the 96 memorial plaques for the Reichstag members murdered by the Nazi regime has been commemorating Artur Becker since 1992 .
Artur Becker should not be confused with the SPD politician, landowner and farmer Arthur Becker (1862–1933).
literature
- E. Trümpler: Becker, Artur . In: History of the German labor movement. Biographical Lexicon . Dietz Verlag 1970, pp. 31-32.
- Michael Uhl: The Myth of Spain. The legacy of the International Brigades in the GDR . Bonn 2004.
- Emil Rudolf Greulich : … and not on your knees: a novel about the contentious life of Artur Becker . New Life, Berlin 1986, ISBN 3-355-00213-5 .
- Emil Kortmann: Artur Becker: Life picture of a hero of the German labor youth movement . New life, Berlin 1956.
- Fred Reinke: Artur Becker: Episodes from his life, written down for children . Junge Welt, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-7302-0379-7 .
- Karl Heinz Jahnke : Murdered and Wiped Out - Twelve German Antifascists; Ahriman-Verlag (Series: Unwanted Books on Fascism No. 8): 1995 ISBN 978-3-89484-553-7 .
- Luise Kraushaar : German resistance fighters 1933 to 1945. Berlin 1970 Volume 1, p. 89ff
- Lutz Mohr : School ships under sail and engine. On the history of the GST naval school "August Lütgens" Greifswald Wieck . Elmenhorst: Edition Pommern 2012. Chapter: The motor training ship "Artur Becker" , pp. 25–26. ISBN 978-3-939680-07-9
- Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German communists . Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. 2nd, revised and greatly expanded edition. Dietz, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 ( online ).
Movie
- Artur Becker: Life picture of a young patriot , director: Rudi Kurz , GDR 1971.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hermann Weber, Andreas Herbst: German Communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. Dietz, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-320-02044-7 , pp. 80–81.
- ↑ Reichstag Handbook 1932 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Martin Schumacher (Ed.): MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation 1933-1945. Droste-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1991, ISBN 3-7700-5162-9 , p. 109.
- ^ Artur-Becker-Oberschule, Delitzsch , accessed June 26, 2017
- ↑ DJH Thuringia, House "Artur Becker" ( Memento of the original from July 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 29, 2010
- ↑ http://www.ahriman.com/buecher/jahnke.htm
Web links
- Literature by and about Artur Becker in the catalog of the German National Library
- Artur Becker in the database of members of the Reichstag
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Becker, Artur |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German politician (KPD), MdR, resistance fighter against National Socialism |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 12, 1905 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Remscheid |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 16, 1938 |
| Place of death | Burgos , Spain |