Ausservillgraten

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Ausservillgraten
coat of arms Austria map
Coat of arms of Ausservillgraten
Ausservillgraten (Austria)
Ausservillgraten
Basic data
Country: Austria
State : Tyrol
Political District : Lienz
License plate : LZ
Surface: 79.04 km²
Coordinates : 46 ° 47 '  N , 12 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 47 '12 "  N , 12 ° 25' 43"  E
Height : 1287  m above sea level A.
Residents : 747 (January 1, 2020)
Population density : 9.5 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 9931
Area code : 04843
Community code : 7 07 06
Address of the
municipal administration:
Ausservillgraten 136
9931 Ausservillgraten
Website: www.ausservillgraten.gv.at
politics
Mayor : Josef Mair (farmers and economy)
Municipal Council : (2016)
(11 members)

4 Together for Auservillgraten - List of Mayors

1 FPÖ Ausservillgraten,

6 List of work and business - With your vote for AusserVillgraten

Location of Ausservillgraten in the Lienz district
Abfaltersbach Ainet Amlach Anras Assling Außervillgraten Dölsach Gaimberg Heinfels Hopfgarten in Defereggen Innervillgraten Iselsberg-Stronach Kals am Großglockner Kartitsch Lavant Leisach Lienz Matrei in Osttirol Nikolsdorf Nußdorf-Debant Oberlienz Obertilliach Prägraten am Großvenediger St. Jakob in Defereggen St. Johann im Walde St. Veit in Defereggen Schlaiten Sillian Strassen Thurn Tristach Untertilliach Virgen Tirol (Bundesland)Location of the community of Ausservillgraten in the Lienz district (clickable map)
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Austria / maintenance / site plan image map
Center of Auservillgraten, view in south direction
Center of Auservillgraten, view in south direction
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Ausservillgraten is a municipality with 747 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Lienz district in Tyrol , Austria . The community is located in the judicial district of Lienz .

geography

Ausservillgraten is located in the Villgratental , a side valley of the East Tyrolean Puster Valley at the confluence of the Villgratenbach and Winkeltalbach rivers . The community is a distinct scattered settlement. It consists of the Unterwalden, Dorf, Unterfelden, Versellerberg and Winkeltal fractions. In the last 20 years, in addition to the town center (the village fraction), two further closed settlement centers have formed: The Aue out of the valley and the hamlet of Walchboden in the Winkeltal.

Neighboring communities

Abfaltersbach , Anras , Heinfels , Hopfgarten in Defereggen , Innervillgraten , Sankt Veit in Defereggen , Sillian , Strassen

history

The Villgratental was probably already part of the equipment, the Duke Tassilo III. of Bavaria in 769, the pin San Candido transferred and I Emperor Otto was confirmed. At that time the valley was not yet permanently settled, only Romansh names indicate occasional alpine farming . In 1140, the Innichner Vogt of the diocese of Brixen , Count Arnold von Morit- Greifenstein , cleared the back of the valley (municipality of Innervillgraten ) ( "in loco qui dicitur Ualgratto" ). The area should be populated by farmers from the neighborhood. As a lure, the settlers were offered free allotments of livestock and grain. The farms were designed as Schwaigh farms , which means that it was mainly about cattle farming . Most of them were owned by the church. The monasteries of Innichen, Freising and Sonnenburg were the most important landlords in the valley. The area of ​​the community of Ausservillgraten in the front part of the valley was not settled until later. In 1243, Hochwalden was mentioned in a document as the first farm in Außenervillgraten, while Perfl is the second oldest farm. Originally 64 Urhöfe were founded in Ausvillgraten, which were later increased by division. Due to high taxes and poor harvests, around 300 Auservillgrater migrated to Sappada in the Piave Valley in the 15th century . In 1827 Michael Pirgler built the first goods cable car in Tyrol in Ausservillgraten. It was not until February 12, 1927 that electric light came on for the first time. However, this was limited to the church and the village area. Ausservillgraten did not change fundamentally until the 1960s. Only then was the area developed with modern infrastructure.

Church history

Ausservillgraten originally belonged to the original parish Sillian . In 1679, through the mediation of the Heinfels keeper, the community received its own curate . A year earlier, a separate widum was set up for the future curate . In 1795 the current parish church of St. Gertraud was built on the site of the previous Gothic church.

In the 18th century, a Jesuit people's mission was very successful in Ausservillgraten .

population

Population structure

In 2012 there were 789 people in the community of Auservillgraten. At the end of 2001, 95.6 percent of the population were Austrian citizens (Tyrol: 90.6 percent), by the beginning of 2012 the value had risen to 99.4 percent. In 2001 there were 34 Germans living in the municipality, in 2012 there were only four EU citizens and one other foreign citizen. In 2001, 99.9 percent of the population committed to the Roman Catholic Church (Tyrol: 83.4 percent), only one person had no religious belief.

The average age of the community population in 2001 was roughly the same as the national average. 18.7 percent of the residents of Ausservillgraten were younger than 15 years (Tyrol: 18.4 percent), 61.3 percent between 15 and 59 years old (Tyrol: 63.0 percent). The proportion of residents over 59 years of age was 20.0 percent, slightly above the national average of 18.6 percent. As a result, the average age of the population of Auservillgraten rose significantly. The proportion of people under the age of 15 fell to 16.1 percent as of January 1, 2012, while the proportion of people between the ages of 15 and 59 increased to 65.5 percent. By contrast, the proportion of people over 59 years of age fell slightly to 18.4 percent. According to marital status, in 2001 53.0 percent of the residents of Ausservillgraten were single, 41.6 percent married, 5.0 percent widowed and 0.4 percent divorced.

Population development

From the late 19th century onwards, the population growth in the community of Ausservillgraten was always below the average population growth of the district of Lienz and the state of Tyrol. As early as 1869 and 1900, Ausservillgraten had to accept a decline in the number of inhabitants of 14 percent, with the previous low of 727 inhabitants being recorded in 1900. After that, the population practically stagnated until the 1920s, only to slowly increase thereafter. The municipality achieved its greatest population growth between 1951 and 1971, when the population grew by 34 percent. After the population had increased again slightly to 1,171 people by 1981, another process of shrinking began in the community. As a result, Ausservillgraten lost a third of its population between 1981 and 2018. Ausservillgraten has suffered from a strongly negative migration balance for decades . While this could still be offset by a strongly positive birth balance in the 1970s, a doubling, negative migration balance and a more than halving positive birth balance had a strongly negative effect on the population. Although the negative balance of migration decreased in the 1990s, it remained around twice as high as the positive birth balance. Since the turn of the millennium, the negative balance of migration has increased, while the birth balance is only slightly positive.

coat of arms

The municipality's coat of arms shows a shield split in silver and red with an opposite tip, with a green maple leaf in the opposite tip. The coat of arms symbolizes the name of the community, which comes from Romanic and means "Valley of the Maple". The blazon reads: "With the opposite tip split of silver and red, behind a green maple leaf ." The colors of the community flag were set with red and white.

economy

Workplaces and employees

The workplace census carried out as part of the census in 2001 revealed 26 workplaces with 118 employees (excluding agriculture) in Auservillgraten, 76 percent of which were employed. The number of workplaces had risen by two companies (plus 8 percent) compared to 1991, but the number of employees fell by 24 people (minus 17 percent). The most important branch of the economy in 2001 was the manufacturing of goods with four companies and 54 employees (46 percent of the employees in Auservillgraten). This was followed by the hotel and restaurant sector with seven workplaces and 27 employees and public administration and social security with 11 employees. 44 percent of the people employed in Ausservillgraten were blue-collar workers, 22 percent salaried employees or civil servants and 19 percent business owners.

The commercial operations include Mühlmann clothing, the gardener, Perfler and Walder carpentry and Kapferer painting. There is also a tobacco shop with an adjoining café, the Obbrugger (Spar) and Perfler (Adeg) department stores and a Raiffeisenkasse.

Of the 393 employed persons living in Ausservillgraten in 2010, 93 were in material goods production (24 percent), 54 in agriculture and forestry (14 percent) and 46 in construction (12 percent). Other important sectors were education with 45 employees (12 percent) and retail with 39 employees (10 percent). Of the 388 employed people from Ausservillgraten (excluding persons temporarily absent from work) employed residents from Ausservillgraten, only 136 people were employed in Auservillgraten in 2010. 252 had to commute to work. Of the out-commuters, 13 percent had their place of work in the neighboring Lienz conurbation, a further 21 percent commuted to Sillian , and 17 percent to the neighboring community of Heinfels . 19 percent of out-commuters had to work in another municipality in the district. Another 19 or 8 percent commuted to North Tyrol or another federal state, ten of the residents had to commute abroad. In return, in 2010, 75 in-commuters worked in Ausservillgraten, 84 percent of whom came from the district.

Agriculture and Forestry

Livestock of the community of Ausservillgraten
Livestock 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2000
Horses 16 11 22nd 1 1 3
Bovine 702 731 757 765 736 682
Pigs 194 228 283 207 153 67
Sheep 375 411 461 490 551 400
Goats 45 32 9 18th 12 16
poultry 785 1205 1535 1000 719 680

The originally pure mountain farming village, Ausservillgraten, like all the communities in East Tyrol, has seen a sharp decline in agriculture, especially since the end of the Second World War, although numerous farms have still survived in the community. From 1962, intensive work was carried out on the development of the remote courtyards, so that these, as well as three quarters of the entire forest area, have now been developed. The focus of agriculture is dairy and livestock farming, with the keeping of cattle and sheep in particular playing an important role. The number of sheep and cattle has hardly changed since the second half of the 20th century, but pig farming in particular has declined sharply. Poultry farming reached a peak in the 1970s, but then fell back below the initial value of 1951. Goat and horse farming, on the other hand, hardly played a role. In 1999 the statistics showed 132 agricultural and forestry holdings for the municipality of Auservillgraten. These included 27 full-time businesses, 75 part-time businesses and 28 businesses owned by legal entities. In 1999, these farms worked a total of 7,057 hectares, with 23 percent of the area being farmed by full-time farmers, 32 percent by part-time farmers and 45 percent by businesses with legal entities.

tourism

Tourism is of comparatively little importance for the community of Ausservillgraten, although the community has invested in advertising and infrastructure measures. In 1973, Ausservillgraten opened up the Thurntal as a ski area, in 1991 the monocable gondola lift from Sillian followed, and in 1999 a four-person chair lift was built from Ausservillgraten. Winkel- and Villgratental are used in particular for hiking and ski tours, in winter there is an illuminated toboggan run and an ice rink, which in turn serves as a tennis court in summer. The tourism intensity (overnight stays per inhabitant) is below average in the district comparison, but is almost the same in summer and winter. Ausservillgraten was able to count around 19,000 overnight stays in the 2011/12 tourist year. In the summer half of 2012, Ausservillgraten recorded 9,125 overnight stays, in the winter half of 2011/12 9,893 overnight stays. While the municipality recorded slight losses in the summer season compared to the turn of the millennium, the municipality lost 26% of its overnight stays in the winter season between 2000 and 2012. Like all East Tyrolean municipalities, the community is marketed by the Osttirol Tourist Association, with Auservillgraten being organized through the "Hochpustertal Holiday Region". Ausservillgraten is one of 17 municipalities that is marketed under the “Bergsteigerdörfer” initiative. In the municipality there are several renters of private rooms and holiday apartments as well as inns and pensions, but no hotel.

education

The first school lessons are occupied between 1760 and 1790, with lessons being carried out in the "Scheibenhäusl" on the Versellerberg, which was demolished in 1895. From 1780, school lessons were held next to the church in the sacristan's garden in the one-room school building. After 1820 classes were held in the basement of the sacristan's house. The first own school building was built in 1895. It served as a schoolhouse for almost seven decades. Today's elementary school was built between 1961 and 1964 and in the 1967/68 school year, with 210 pupils, reached the highest pupil level in school history. In 1997 the school was expanded to include a gym, media room and learner driver's room. The elementary school was fully organized until 1991/92, from 1992/93 it was run in three classes and since 2001/02 in two classes. With the introduction of the compulsory section for the secondary school in 1971 and the associated closure of the primary school, the secondary school students have been commuting to the Sillian secondary school since then.

In addition to the elementary school, the community of Ausservillgraten has had a kindergarten since 1974, which was housed on the ground floor of the former school building. He had a group and gymnastics room as well as a cloakroom and sanitary room. In the first year of kindergarten, 37 children were registered. At the start of school in 1989/90, the kindergarten was moved to the rooms on the ground floor of the elementary school. There is also a community library opened in 1977. The "University in the Village" working group has set itself the goal of letting the population participate in the findings of the state universities. For lessons in the state music school, the students have to switch to Sillian.

Culture and sights

The parish church of St. Gertraud goes back to a previous church from the 14th century, which was replaced by a late Gothic new building in the 15th century. Of this church, however, after the new baroque construction by Thomas Mayr at the end of the 18th century, only the foundation walls and the sacristy remained. The Widum was rebuilt after a fire in the 1920s. The parish cemetery, like the parish church, is a listed building and has been in use since the 14th century. It houses a cemetery chapel from 1832. Other monuments are the St. Genoveva chapel (Bachlechen chapel), built in 1765, and the Mariahilf chapel (Stöckl chapel) from 1912. The only secular monument is the Wurzer farm, whose farm was mentioned in a document as early as 1433 . A chapel, a laundry room, a flour mill and a sawmill belong to the farm. In addition to the listed objects, there is also the Schupferkapelle built in 1954, the Ignatius Chapel built in 1979 and the Antonius-Stöckl built in 1912/14. There are also several other noteworthy farms in Ausservillgraten.

In 2010 caroling in Villgratental was included in the list of Austria (national cultural property) as an intangible world heritage , as declared by UNESCO .

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Ausservillgraten  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Wopfner : Siedlungsgeschichte (von Villgraten) , in: Report of the Academic Alpine Association (Innsbruck) on the association years 1928/1929 and 1929/1930, pp. 28–45.
  2. Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Volume 2: 1140-1200 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7030-0485-8 , p. 1-2, no. 381 .
  3. a b c d e f Statistics Austria municipality data from Auservillgraten
  4. State Statistics Tyrol (VZ 2001) (PDF; 4.1 MB)
  5. Website of the community of Ausservillgraten ( memento of July 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on August 27, 2013
  6. a b Katholischer Tiroler Lehrerverein (Ed.): Bezirkskunde Osttirol pp. 198–203
  7. ^ Office of the Tyrolean provincial government, Tyrolean provincial statistics
  8. Sternsingen im Villgratental ( Memento from December 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). nationalagentur.unesco.at