Wolfenbüttel – Oschersleben railway line

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Wolfenbüttel – Oschersleben
Gunsleben station was the end of the line from Oschersleben from 1945 to 1992.
Gunsleben station was the
end of the line from Oschersleben from 1945 to 1992 .
Route number (DB) : 1942
Route length: 53.1 km
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Legend
   
 from Groß Gleidingen
   
 from Braunschweig
Station without passenger traffic
 12.600 Wolfenbüttel
   
 13,177 to Bad Harzburg
   
 Oker
   
 14.500 Connection to the Linden industrial estate
   
 Wendessen
   
 16.200 Connection to the Asse research mine
   
 Braunschweig-Schöningen Railway
Stop, stop
 21.606 Dettum
   
 29,533 Schöppenstedt
   
 37.500 Watenstedt
   
 from Börßum
   
 41.200 Jerxheim
   
 to Nienhagen
   
 to Helmstedt
   
 Lower Saxony - Saxony-Anhalt state border
   
 Connection to the Aderstedt sugar factory
   
 51.400 Gunsleben
   
 56.500 Neuwegersleben
   
 connection
   
 from Schöningen south
   
 from Halberstadt
Station, station
 65.700 Oschersleben (Bode) wedge station
Route - straight ahead
 to Magdeburg

The Wolfenbüttel – Oschersleben railway line on the border between what is now Saxony-Anhalt and Lower Saxony was opened in 1843, making it part of one of the oldest long-distance railway lines in Germany. Until the beginning of the 1870s, all traffic from Berlin and central Germany to Hanover and the Ruhr area ran through them . After that, the line lost its importance, but remained an important main line in east-west traffic.

After 1945 the line between Jerxheim and Gunsleben was interrupted by the inner German border. The section between Oschersleben and Gunsleben that remained on the GDR side was downgraded to a branch line . In 1992 the traffic ended here too. Since 2007 only the section from Wolfenbüttel to Schöppenstedt has been in operation.

history

The first connection from Berlin to Cologne

In the course of the development of the first railways in Germany, there were a number of projects for connections between the seaports to southern and eastern Germany. The Duchy of Braunschweig attached great importance to the fact that its area would be touched by the continuous railway connections. At the time discussed east-west connection via Halle (Saale) and Kassel or from Magdeburg to Lüneburg would not have affected the duchy. In a state treaty on April 10, 1841 between the Kingdom of Prussia , the Kingdom of Hanover and the Duchy of Braunschweig, the construction of a railway connection between Magdeburg , Oschersleben (Bode) , Braunschweig and Hanover to Minden .

The Brunswick side of the Oschersleben (Bode) train station

Even before the State Treaty was signed, the Duchy of Braunschweig was pushing ahead with the preparatory work for the construction of the route. The existing Braunschweig – Bad Harzburg railway line between Braunschweig and Wolfenbüttel was expanded to two tracks and the facilities at the Braunschweig train station were significantly expanded.

On July 16, 1843, the Ducal Braunschweig State Railroad opened the line. This created a continuous connection between Braunschweig and Magdeburg , where there was a connection via Köthen to Leipzig , Dresden and Berlin . From 1844 onwards from Braunschweig to Hanover. This created a continuous connection from Hanover to Berlin, although it was first necessary to change trains at the transition points between the railway companies.

Railway stations were built in Schöppenstedt , on Kybitzdamm (Kiebitzdamm) near Jerxheim , in Wegersleben (now Neuwegersleben) and Oschersleben . The Oschersleben (Bode) station was a joint station with the Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company , the on July 15, 1843 route Magdeburg-Halberstadt opened.

With the completion of the Hanover – Minden railway line , there was a continuous connection from Cologne via Minden , Hanover, Braunschweig, Oschersleben, Magdeburg, Köthen and Wittenberg to Berlin from October 16, 1847 . The travel time between Berlin and Cologne was reduced from 22 hours (1847) after the completion of the direct line Berlin – Magdeburg (1848) and further acceleration measures to 16 hours in 1851. In 1852 direct cars were used for the first time between Berlin and Cologne.

In 1853 the line between Jerxheim and Oschersleben was expanded to two tracks, and a year later the second track went into operation between Schöppenstedt and Jerxheim.

In 1868 a connection to the Braunschweigische Südbahn to Kreiensen was opened with the Jerxheim – Börßum railway line , which was particularly interesting for traffic in the direction of Göttingen , Kassel and Frankfurt am Main .

Loss of importance after 1871

With the Berlin – Lehrte railway in 1871 and the Braunschweig – Magdeburg railway (via Helmstedt ) in 1872, two significantly shorter connections were created between Berlin and Hanover. The route via Oschersleben became less important. It remained important for freight traffic and on the section between Jerxheim and Oschersleben for long-distance trains between Frankfurt and Berlin. Some of the trains used until 1920 in the direction of Magdeburg but also used the connection from Jerxheim via Schöningen and the line to Eilsleben built in 1871 .

In 1882 the Brunswick Railway Directorate was dissolved. The line came to the Royal Magdeburg Railway Directorate. In 1890 a branch line opened from Jerxheim to Nienhagen near Halberstadt.

In 1922, a siding from Gunsleben station to the Aderstedt sugar factory was approved. The 2.8 km long track was built a year later. Another connecting line ran from Neuwegersleben to the “Vereinigte Friederike” lignite mine in Hamersleben .

After the division of Germany

Route on the German-German border, looking west. The plates belong to a post route of the GDR border security.
On May 30, 1992 the 50 3708-0 runs the last train from Oschersleben to Gunsleben

After Germany was divided into occupation zones, the section between Jerxheim and Gunsleben was interrupted. The last scheduled train ran on June 30, 1945. One of the two tracks between Oschersleben and Gunsleben was dismantled as a reparation payment to the Soviet Union. The tracks were completely dismantled between Gunsleben and the border, and the tracks between Jerxheim and the border also disappeared by 1948. The sections between Gunsleben and Oschersleben and later between Wolfenbüttel and Schöppenstedt were converted to a branch line.

The operation between Oschersleben and Gunsleben continued until the early 1990s with four to six local trains per day and direction as a branch line. In 1959, the previous good rail material was used for the construction of the Berlin outer ring and replaced by lighter rails. During a line renovation in 1976, the tracks were renewed, but alkaline concrete sleepers were used , the condition of which deteriorated after a few years. On May 30, 1992, the section including the rail connection to Aderstedt, which is now dismantled, was closed "for technical reasons". In 1993, buses were still offered as rail replacement services. A repair was no longer carried out.

After the division, the connection between Jerxheim and Börßum also lost its importance. The traffic was abandoned. Until 2007, the section from Wolfenbüttel to Jerxheim was used by regional trains Braunschweig - Wolfenbüttel - Schöppenstedt - Jerxheim - Schöningen - Helmstedt. The route north of Schöningen was interrupted due to a planned mine expansion. Due to the low number of passengers, the route was not relocated. The traffic between Schöppenstedt, Jerxheim and Schöningen was also stopped.

The section between Schöningen and Jerxheim was closed on May 21, 2009 by the Federal Railway Authority .

Remaining operation between Wolfenbüttel and Schöppenstedt

Special trip in Schöppenstedt station

Since 2007 only the Wolfenbüttel – Schöppenstedt section has been operated in passenger traffic. The RB 45 Braunschweig – Schöppenstedt line runs here with stops in Wolfenbüttel and Dettum. As part of the Europe-wide tender for the Lower Saxony Southeast diesel network, DB Regio was awarded the contract for the RB 45 line from December 2014 for a period of 15 years. The company uses modernized LINT 41 multiple units , which replaced the 628 series. With the start of operations, some improvements in the timetable were implemented as part of the “Regionalbahn Concept 2014+”. Since then, the line has also operated on Sundays and the operating hours have been extended. Monday to Friday, the line runs every hour between 6 a.m. and around 11 p.m., with additional trips in school traffic. There is also an hourly service on Saturdays and Sundays. Travel time is around 28-29 minutes.

At Schöppenstedt station there is a connection to the 370 regional bus to Schöningen and Helmstedt. The places in the immediate course of the disused route are served by bus lines 372 (Schöppenstedt – Watenstedt – Jerxheim – Söllingen) and 397 (Watenstedt – Jerxheim – Söllingen – Schöningen – Büddenstedt – Helmstedt).

There were plans for the route to be integrated into the route network of the planned RegioStadtBahn Braunschweig . To this end, some train stations and stops should be rebuilt and the number of trains increased. The trains were supposed to run through the city center with diesel hybrid light rail vehicles in Braunschweig. In the local transport plan, an extension to Schöningen was planned in a further stage of implementation. The entire project was originally supposed to be completed by 2014. The project failed in 2010 because the cost-effectiveness of the concept was no longer given due to the significantly increased vehicle procurement costs. In order to increase the attractiveness of the lines even without the tram, the Zweckverband Großraum Braunschweig (ZGB) pursued the implementation of the "Regionalbahn Concept 2014+".

The Schöppenstedt train station was dismantled into a stop in 2017. For this purpose, all points and tracks were dismantled and a new track with a new, modern platform was built in the middle. The track ends shortly before the former level crossing of the B 82 at a buffer stop. Immediately behind the level crossing, the track system was dismantled and transferred over in the area of ​​the level crossing. A siding is available for storing amplifier drives.

The operating procedure was switched to train control according to Ril 436 (ZLB) .

The ZGB provides for the establishment of a combined platform for buses and trains at the Schöppenstedt terminus, which should shorten transfer times and routes.

The reactivation of the Wendessen stop was proposed by the Braunschweig area association in the regional train concept and agreed on March 28, 2019 between the state of Lower Saxony, LNVG and DB. The construction of a crossing station in Wendessen is taken into account in the planning for a possible half-hourly cycle. However, the establishment of a half-hourly cycle must first be examined economically.

Accidents

Accident from 1844 in a contemporary illustration

In 1844 a train derailed between Jerxheim and Neuwegersleben . The accident was received in contemporary art.

In 1944 there was a fatal accident east of the Jerxheim train station when a railroad trolley with the Jerxheim station attendant and another employee crashed into a stopped freight train.

literature

  • Dirk Endisch: The branch line Oschersleben – Gunsleben . Dirk Endisch, 2005, ISBN 978-3-936893-27-4
  • Fricke, Hans-Joachim Ritzau: The inner-German border and rail traffic . 3. Edition. Ritzau, Pürgen 1992, ISBN 3-921304-45-8 , p. 49ff.
  • Wolfgang Fiegenbaum, Wolfgang Klee: Farewell to the railways - disused railway lines in Germany's passenger train traffic 1991–1995 . transpress, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-613-71057-9 , p. 146ff.

Web links

Commons : Wolfenbüttel – Oschersleben railway line  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden , Die Eisenbahnen Deutschlands: Statistical-historical representation of their formation, their relationship to the state authority, as well as their administrative and operational facilities. Printed by and published by Ernst Siegfried Mittler, Berlin, Posen and Bromberg, 1845, Volume 2, pp. 1984–1992, online
  2. ↑ a b c d e Friedrich Brandes, Chronik des Bahnhofs Jerxheim, Helmstedt 1987, pp. 9–12, online ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ).
  3. ↑ Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden , Die Eisenbahnen Deutschlands ... , Volume 2, pp. 1992–1996.
  4. ↑ a b c Railway history Gunsleben , accessed on July 23, 2017.
  5. ^ Federal Railway Authority, list of the disused lines in Lower Saxony, online .
  6. ↑ Transport contract for the Lower Saxony-Südost diesel network signed ( Memento from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Press release from LNVG
  7. ↑ ZGB press release on the offer improvements
  8. ↑ RegionalBahnKonzept2014 +. Regional association for the greater Braunschweig area, accessed on November 29, 2017 .
  9. ↑ a b Regional Association Greater Braunschweig, Committee for Regional Transport, Item 2: Local Transport Plan for Greater Braunschweig - Draft, April 24, 2019, pp. 141, 145
  10. ↑ Migrations of new operating procedures currently being implemented and planned. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: dbnetze.com. August 30, 2016, archived from the original on October 22, 2016 ; accessed on October 21, 2016 .
  11. ↑ GeoViewer | DB Netze track. Retrieved May 30, 2020 .
  12. ↑ Resolution draft for the association assembly of the Civil Code ( Memento from October 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ http://regionalweltebuettel.de/regionalbahnkonzept-haltpunkt-wendessen-noch-in-planung/
  14. ↑ reactivation of stations. Retrieved March 30, 2019 .