Berel

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Berel
Municipality Burgdorf
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 55 ″  N , 10 ° 13 ′ 1 ″  E
Height : approx. 120 m above sea level NN
Residents : 632  (Jan. 1, 2008)
Incorporation : March 1, 1974
Postal code : 38272
Area code : 05347
map
Location of Berel in the municipality of Burgdorf
View of Berel
View of Berel

Berel is a district of the municipality of Burgdorf , which is part of the combined municipality of Baddeckestedt in the Wolfenbüttel district in Lower Saxony.

geography

The following places surround Berel:

Berel is located south of the forested Bereler Ries and is otherwise completely surrounded by fields.

Place name

  • 8th & 9th centuries (cop. 12th century): Perlo'hen
  • Around 1153–78 (copy 17th century): Berle

Berel is one of the earliest places in the entire district of Wolfenbüttel and Lower Saxony mentioned in a document. The place name is documented for the first time in the so-called Codex Eberhardi , a rather splendid book for the Fulda monastery, created by the monk Eberhard in the 12th century . The entire Codex comprises over 400 pages and next Berel be in Wolfenbüttel as well as in the city of Salzgitter nor the places Beddingen , which today no longer exist Duringesrode (Wolfenbüttel), Engelnstedt , Flachstöckheim , Flöthe , Grid , which formerly of Gustedt located Gruonstedt , Gustedt, Hallendorf , Sehlde and Thiede called. When Eberhard wrote the Codex, he was using much older templates of various kinds. However, these have no longer been preserved and their exact age can no longer be determined. For this reason the text is summarily dated to the 8th to 9th centuries . In this respect, the year 2008 is not clearly secured for the 1200th anniversary of Berel, but it is probably justified, especially since the place name Berel itself speaks for a much older place foundation and name.

With the exception of the oldest document mentioned, Berel is always referred to as Berle in the documents of the following centuries . The Berel form has only appeared more recently, around the 17th century . Unlike the place names Burgdorf name Berel does not consist of two parts of words (for example, the first element castle and the second element -dorf ), but only from a household name. According to this, Berel has a so-called suffixal name from name researchers . These suffixes are elements or syllables that do not appear as words but are appended to words and whose meaning in place names can usually no longer be reconstructed. Suffixal formations are usually much older than place names of the type Burgdorf or Lebenstedt, which consist of two words and largely replaced the formation of place names with a suffix. Name research assumes that names formed with suffixes go back to the pre-Christian centuries. However, an exact date cannot be given, which is why it can only be said for Berel that the name and thus also the place are most likely considerably older than 1200 years. This thesis is also supported by the archaeological finds.

Meaning of the place name

In the name Berel there is a suffix, more precisely an l-suffix, as it can also be found in the place names Hohen- and Nordassel. In the first part there is a word that no longer exists in the German language , but in older English , namely bearo ( Middle English barou ), which means something like "forest" or "wood". The term used to be common in the Berel region, but eventually died out there, while it continued to be used in Great Britain. The place names Hedeper and Oelber on the white road also contain this word, but in the second part of the place name. So Berel is probably the name for a place near or in a forest, which can be reconciled with the location on the Bereler Ries.

The name Berel is relevant for name researchers for various reasons. On the one hand, the name Berel is very old and seems to prove that the English term for "forest" was also widespread in continental Europe. On the other hand, Berel is a relatively rare suffixal name formation. Last but not least, the term Berel is unique to the entire region. Similar place names or place names derived from them are also not known.

history

Archeology and early history

Berel – Lesse earthworks

In 2013 a Neolithic trench was discovered on the edge of the field markings of Berel and Lesse . The funnel beaker culture was established between 4000 and 3500 BC in particular. Chr. Earthworks in Northern Germany. The results of the geomagnetic prospecting have not yet been conclusively evaluated. In Bereler Ries exists with the nine Bereler barrows a megalithic burial site, probably from the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age comes (to 1500 v. Chr. ).

Archaeological finds

Ceramic shards from the late Roman Empire were found in a courtyard in the northern part of the village . In the vicinity of the site there are water outlet points that offered ideal settlement conditions. At the same place in a garden area, ceramic shards from the 5th century were recovered during excavation work . Right next to it there were settlement pits, which also suggest settlement during the Roman Empire and the time of the Great Migration . Eight pits were also discovered in the center of the village, containing ceramics arranged in layers from the Roman Empire up to the 14th and 15th centuries . "The early medieval finds represent an important link for the development of the village between the imperial and high to late medieval settlements that have been documented earlier in other parts of the village."

Other excavations in Klein Berel north of North Assel, which no longer exist today, date from the 1st to 4th and 7th to 15th centuries AD.

middle Ages

Protestant church

From 815 Berel belonged to the diocese of Hildesheim .

The Knights of Berel lived in Berel from 1188 to 1356. A court in the Bereler Ries existed between 1188 and 1521.

Modern times

The robber baron family Helmhold is known from Berel, who lived in the village from 1659 to 1692.

From 1840 to 1870 economic problems led to a wave of emigration to North America and the loss of around 100 residents. About a third of the emigrants settled in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri .

After the Second World War the population increased again due to refugees and displaced persons.

The school in Berel was closed in 1976.

Population development

Burgdorf-Berel - population development since 1678
date Residents date Residents development
1678 185 1989 580
1813 510 11/12/1993 647
1919 410 December 31, 1997 687
05/01/1931 450 05/11/1998 689
06/30/1966 537 06/05/1999 696
December 31, 1971 602 07/01/2007 645
06/30/1972 602 01/01/2008 632

Economy and Infrastructure

Transport links

Berel is on the state road 474, which connects Burgdorf in the south with Groß Himstedt in the north. This is crossed by a district road that leads to Lesse in the east and to federal road 444 near Nettlingen in the west.

The nearest train stations are in Salzgitter- Lebenstedt on the Braunschweig – Salzgitter-Lebenstedt railway line and in Hoheneggelsen on the Hildesheim – Braunschweig railway line .

literature

  • Samtgemeinde Baddeckestedt (Ed.): 25 years of the Samtgemeinde Baddeckestedt - 1974–1999. Festschrift ; 1999 (pp. 18/19).
  • Eike Bock: 1200 years of Berel. Self-published, Berel 2008.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b www.berel-am-ries.de (private website of the Berel district, chronicle from 1523 to 2008).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Kirstin Casemir & Jürgen Udolph: Lower Saxony Book of Place Names Part III - The place names of the Wolfenbüttel district and the city of Salzgitter . Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 87-90 .
  3. ↑ Kirstin Casemir: On the occasion of the 1200 year celebration on May 24th and 25th, 2008 in Berel - historical roots .
  4. ↑ Andreas Northe & Frederic Claus, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (2017).
  5. ↑ Jackson's Archives of Naturalization Documents, Cape Girardeau Co., Missouri, USA.