Bernhard Nocht

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Postage stamp for 100 years of the Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine

Albrecht Eduard Bernhard Nocht (born November 4, 1857 in Landeshut in Lower Silesia ; † June 5, 1945 in Wiesbaden ) was a German port doctor, tropical medicine and hygienist . From 1900 to 1930 he was head of the Bernhard Nocht Institute for Ship and Tropical Diseases, named after him in 1942 .

education

Nocht studied medicine at the Friedrich Wilhelm Institute in Berlin until 1881 , graduated with a doctorate and was a medical officer in the service of the Imperial Navy from 1883 to 1892 . From 1887 he worked for three years in the imperial health department under Robert Koch . Besides Georg Gaffky, one of Koch's most important students and collaborators in the field of bacteriology became Nocht .

Port doctor in Hamburg

When the cholera epidemic of 1892 broke out in Hamburg , which killed 8,605 people, Nocht and later Gaffky were sent to Hamburg as permanent representatives of Koch to advise the Hamburg authorities on their measures. As a lesson from the cholera epidemic, Nocht recommended the establishment of a medical surveillance service for the port in 1892 . The following year the Hamburg Senate followed this recommendation, the Navy dismissed Nocht from service, and Nocht was appointed port doctor for Hamburg on April 1, 1893 - an office that he held until 1906.

Institute for Ship and Tropical Diseases

Since unknown diseases were repeatedly diagnosed in seafarers in the port of Hamburg, Nocht set up a small research station consisting of three rooms in the old port hospital in the mid-1890s. After difficult negotiations with the competent authorities of the Reich in Berlin, the Hamburg Institute for Marine and Tropical Diseases emerged in 1900 , the first director and chief physician of which was Bernhard Nocht. He held this office until 1930; his successor was Friedrich Fülleborn . From 1906 to 1920 Nocht was head of the entire Hamburg medical system. In 1919 Nocht was appointed professor of tropical medicine at the medical faculty of the newly founded University of Hamburg . From 1927 to 1934 he was Vice President of the Hygiene Commission of the League of Nations . In 1932 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .

Gravestone plaque Althamburg Memorial Cemetery Ohlsdorf

On November 11, 1933, he signed the German professors' confession of Adolf Hitler . Bernhard Nocht and his wife committed suicide on June 5, 1945 with cyanide. In a farewell letter to their children they wrote that they did not feel up to the reconstruction. Nocht was buried in the Nienstedten cemetery . After the waiting period had expired, the remains were transferred to the Ohlsdorf cemetery . In the area of ​​the Ohlsdorf Althamburg Memorial Cemetery there is a collective grave ("Scientific Institutions") in honor of "Prof. Bernard Nocht ”and others.

In 1925 the institute donated the Bernhard Nocht Medal .

Honors

Fonts

  • About the successes of the stretching of the nerves . August Hirschwald , Berlin 1882.
  • Lectures for ship doctors in the merchant navy on ship hygiene, ship and tropical diseases. Leipzig 1906.
  • Tropical hygiene. Berlin et al. 1908; 2nd edition 1923.
  • The malaria. Berlin 1918; 2nd edition, with M. Mayer, 1936.

literature

  • Wolfgang U. Eckart : Bernhard Nocht . In: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann : Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 3rd edition. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 2006, p. 242. Online resource Ärztelexikon 2006
  • Erich Mannweiler: History of the Institute for Ship Diseases and Tropical Diseases in Hamburg 1900–1945 . Goecke and Evers, Keltern-Weiler 1998. (= Treatises of the Natural Science Association in Hamburg . NF Volume 32). ISBN 3-931374-32-7 .
  • Werner Johannsen: Who they were ... where they rest, a guide to remarkable graves in the Nienstedten cemetery . 3rd edition, Kiel 2004, ISBN 3-929171-15-5 .
  • Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 2: L-Z. German business publisher, Berlin 1931, DNB 453960294 .
  • Werner E. Gerabek : Nocht, Bernhard. In: Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1055.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner E. Gerabek: Nocht, Bernhard. 2005, p. 1055.
  2. ^ Member entry by Bernhard Nocht at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on March 5, 2017.
  3. ^ Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , p. 437.
  4. ↑ n-tv.de, Fighting Epidemics - Dr. Malaria turns 150 , Nov. 1, 2007
  5. ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Bernhard Nocht
  6. ↑ Notes . In: Wiener Medical Wochenschrift . No. 3 , 1928, pp. 107 ( ANNO - AustriaN Newspapers Online [accessed April 14, 2020]).
  7. ^ History. In: Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine . Retrieved April 14, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Antje KU Engfer: The training of the medical officer candidates in the German navies (1848-1945) , dissertation Institute for the history of medicine (now history and ethics of medicine), Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , academic advisor Wolfgang U. Eckart , 2003, Pp. 40-45. PhD Antje KU Engfer
  9. ^ New literature . In: Wiener Medical Wochenschrift . No. 20 , 1882, col. 612 ( ANNO - AustriaN Newspapers Online [accessed April 14, 2020]).
personal data
SURNAME Nocht, Bernhard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nocht, Albrecht Eduard Bernhard (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German tropical medicine specialist, first director of the Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine
DATE OF BIRTH November 4, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH Kamienna Góra
DATE OF DEATH June 5, 1945
Place of death Wiesbaden