Bodrum

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Bodrum
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Bodrum (Turkey)
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Bodrum - panoramio (52) .jpg
Bodrum coastal area
Basic data
Province (il) : Muğla
Coordinates : 37 ° 2 '  N , 27 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 37 ° 2 '0 "  N , 27 ° 26' 0"  E
Residents : 152,440 (2014)
Telephone code : (+90) 252
Postal code : 48 xxx
License plate : 48
Structure and administration (as of 2019)
Mayor : Ahmet Aras ( CHP )
Website:
Bodrum County
Residents : 152,440
Surface: 656 km²
Population density : 232 inhabitants per km²
Kaymakam : Bekir Yılmaz
Website (Kaymakam):
Template: Infobox location in Turkey / maintenance / district

Bodrum is a city and a district (İlçe) in the province of Muğla in southwest Turkey . Since a regional reform in 2014, the district is identical in terms of area and population to the district town.

geography

Geographical location

The city is located on the Aegean coast, turned away from the inland, in a theater-shaped bulge in the terrain from the foothills of the Taurus Mountains . The coastal landscape near Bodrum is richly structured by islands, peninsulas , bays and capes. In about half an hour you can reach the Greek island of Kos by ship .

history

Bodrum, the ancient Halicarnassus ( Greek  Ἁλικαρνασσός ), is especially famous for the mausoleum , a tomb that the Persian satrap and King of Caria Mausolos II had erected during his lifetime. The huge mausoleum was considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Similar structures were named "mausoleums" after him. It was probably destroyed by an earthquake in the 14th century; Remnants of the building are installed in the Johanniter Fort St. Peter . Some of the sculptures were brought to the British Museum in London .

After the destruction by Alexander the Great , Halicarnassus never regained its former importance.

St. Peter's Castle ( Bodrum Kalesi ) was built by crusaders in 1420 and fell into the hands of the Ottomans without a fight in 1523 when the Johanniter surrendered Rhodes . The Ottomans used it as a place for exiles until the 20th century.

In the early modern period, Bodrum declined to the status of an unknown and remote fishing village. The poet and painter Cevat Şakir gave the impetus for its current development as a resort and artists' colony . Exiled to Bodrum, he gathered his artist friends around him, founded the “Blue Journeys” with the local gulets and created the now typical white-painted flat-roof house with the characteristic roof corners. The “fisherman of Halicarnassus” became the founder of today's tourist boom.

Culture and sights

Museums

There is a remarkable underwater museum in the St. Peter's Castle. The showpiece is the Uluburun ship , a wreck from the Bronze Age that was lifted together with its cargo and equipment. There are many assumptions about the origin of the ship, as objects from Mycenaean Greece, Cyprus , Canaan , Persia , Egypt and Assyria were found in the wreck , and the personal effects of the crew also came from many countries. A large part of the cargo may have been destined for a Mycenaean palace, but it is also possible that there were merchants on board, one of whom used the wooden writing board that was also preserved.

Since 2011 there has been a marine museum ("Deniz Müzesi"), which is dedicated to the centuries-old shipbuilding tradition. There is a large collection of model ships ; The history of shipbuilding, fishing , sponge fishing and passenger shipping is documented on display boards and photos . An extensive permanent exhibition also shows shells from all over the world.

Buildings

The Myndos gate with parts of the city wall, the theater on the mountain slope as well as some temple remains and spolia scattered throughout the place have been preserved from antiquity . Furthermore, the small remains of the mausoleum of Halicarnassus that have come to light during excavations can be viewed.

Bodrum's characteristic white houses rise up the slopes all around. The stage is the ideal natural harbor with the crusader castle in front of it (Fort St. Peter).

The Fort St. Peter ( Bodrum Kalesi ) is almost completely preserved and can compete with the most magnificent knight castles in Europe such as Chillon or Château Gaillard , its weirs and towers are partly of Franconian, partly Byzantine origin. Today it still houses rich figurative jewelry from various eras.

Economy and Infrastructure

View from the castle to the marina.

Boat building

Bodrum was a center of boat building in ancient times, at least since the time of Mausolus II . Ptolemy here in the 3rd century BC Build his warships. Gulets built in the area today are very similar to the thick ships for transport and the long ships of antiquity for combat, as described by Homer . These traditional sailing ships are now often used for tourism.

tourism

Thanks to its location and the warm, but windy Mediterranean climate , Bodrum has a growing tourist influx, to which the area owes its economic boom. The summer guests come mainly from Great Britain , the Netherlands , Germany and, in increasing numbers, from Eastern European countries such as Serbia and the successor states of the Soviet Union . Many families from Istanbul and Ankara have a summer house here and consider the city their holiday residence. Bodrum has ideal conditions for surfing , diving and all kinds of water sports . Due to local / state requirements, building in Bodrum is limited to a maximum of two floors, which distinguishes Bodrum from other Turkish tourist locations.

traffic

Bodrum has a marina and Bodrum-Milas International Airport, which is around 30 km from the city center . More distant airports with international connections are in the cities of Izmir and Dalaman . Excellent connections to numerous major cities in Turkey lead from the city's bus station.

Personalities

places

The following municipalities belong to the district: Bitez , Göltürkbükü , Gümüşlük , Gündoğan , Gümbet , Konacık , Mumcular , Ortakent , Torba , Turgutreis , Yalı , Yalıkavak .

Next there are the following places, which do not represent communities: Akyarlar , Bahçeyakası , Çamlik , Çömelekçi , Dağbelen , Dereköy , Gökpinar , Gürece , Güvercinlik , Islamhaneleri , Kemer , Kumköy , Mazikoy , Peksimet , Pinarlıbelen , Tepecik , Sazköy , Yakaköy , Yeniköy

Web links

Commons : Bodrum  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Bodrum  Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Turkish Institute for Statistics ( Memento from December 9, 2015 on WebCite ), accessed December 9, 2015
  2. ↑ Bodream , Jean-Pierre Thiollet , Anagrams Ed., 2010, p. 18.