Brantôme
| Brantôme | ||
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| local community | Brantôme en Périgord | |
| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Dordogne | |
| Arrondissement | Périgueux | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 22 ′ N , 0 ° 39 ′ E | |
| Post Code | 24310 | |
| Former INSEE code | 24064 | |
| Incorporation | 1st January 2019 | |
 The Abbey of Saint Pierre de Brantôme with the Dronne |
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Brantôme ( Occitan Brantòsme ) is a village and a former French commune with last 2,156 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2015) of the North department Dordogne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . It belonged to the Arrondissement of Périgueux and was the chief town (chef-lieu) of the canton of Brantôme .
On January 1, 2016, Brantôme merged with the neighboring municipality of Saint-Julien-de-Bourdeilles with the status of a Commune déléguée to form the Commune nouvelle Brantôme en Périgord .
On January 1, 2019, Brantôme en Périgord was dissolved as Commune nouvelle and henceforth managed under the newly founded Commune nouvelle Brantôme en Périgord with other communities as Commune déléguée. Brantôme lost the status of a Commune déléguée.
etymology
The origin of the place name is rather obscure. Allegedly, a legendary personality named Brantho the Mute was the godfather.
geography
Brantôme is traversed in a north-east-south-west direction by the Dronne , the main right tributary of the Isle .
The city is located 21 kilometers north-northwest of Périgueux and 18 kilometers south of Nontron . It is a traffic junction: through it run the rather busy D 939 from Périgueux to Angoulême and the D 78 from Ribérac to Thiviers ; Furthermore, the D 675 branches off from here to Nontron.
The historic city center is located on an almost round island 300 meters in diameter in the middle of the Dronne, which is why Brantôme is also known as the Venice of Périgord .
geology
Shortly before Brantôme, the Dronne, coming from the south-east, makes a change of direction to the south and begins in long loops to cross a very flat syncline , which strikes in a south-east-north-west direction and consists of limestone from the Upper Cretaceous . The strata belong to the Turonium and the Coniacium . The Turonium, locally referred to as Angoumien , is relatively weather-resistant and forms steep walls and overhangs that define the landscape - popular with local climbers. The turonium is a very pure fossil limestone interspersed with rudists - a valued building block that can be sawn out of the steep walls relatively easily in smaller drives. The Brantôme area has countless such former quarries, but very few are still in operation.
prehistory
In the Dronne Valley near Brantôme and in several side valleys there are numerous abrises (rock overhangs) in the steep walls that were already used as settlement sites during the Neolithic and in some cases much earlier. Abris in the side valley of Les Rebières , for example, were already inhabited by Neanderthals in the Moustérien ( Middle Paleolithic ) . In the meantime, outdoor settlements from the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic have become known.
A remnant of the megalithic culture is the Dolmen of Peyrelevade on the road to Thiviers .
See also: La Madeleine
history
The city developed on the opposite side of the Benedictine abbey Saint-Pierre de Brantôme, which was founded in 769 by Charlemagne directly on a steep wall. The relics of St. Sicarius kept, which is why it was visited by many pilgrims . This resulted in the settlement flourishing rapidly. In the 9th century, the monks created what is now the island by shortening the loop of the river by excavating. However, the abbey was destroyed in 848 (or 849) and 859 by Vikings (or Normans ) who came up the Dronne from the Dordogne and Isle. The abbey was rebuilt in 1075, but destroyed again during the Hundred Years War and restored in 1465 and 1480 after the war ended. The bell tower of the abbey church from the 11th century is one of the oldest Romanesque church towers in the former Limousin; Merovingian wall remains at its base . The Saint-Pierre abbey church itself dates back to the 12th and 13th centuries.
During the Huguenot Wars in 1569, the abbey narrowly escaped destruction by Huguenot troops under Gaspard de Coligny twice . Only the mediation of Pierre de Bourdeille could avert the destruction.
During the French Revolution , the abbey was secularized as a national property; the last seven monks were resigned, the rich library was closed and their works were scattered.
In the Middle Ages, Brantôme was a stage stop on the Via Lemovicensis , one of the four historical " Routes of the St. James pilgrims in France ".
Attractions
- neolithic dolmen Peyrelevade
- Jugement Dernier cave in the steep wall behind the abbey
- Church of Our Lady , 16th and 19th centuries
- Church Saint-Pardoux-de-Feix with Romanesque bell tower, 12th century
- Fernand Desmoulin Museum
- Cluzeau Chambrebrune
- Park of the Jardin des Moines from the Renaissance
- Pont Coudé , a right-angled bridge over the Dronne from the 16th century, with a Renaissance pavilion
- Rue de la Boétie with a rare 13th century fireplace
- Rue Joussen with Gothic and Renaissance houses
- Château de la Hierce from the time of Francis I , 16th century
- Remnants of the city wall (gate and round tower)
- Pigeon tower of the Manoir du Chatenet
Due to its still very intact medieval townscape, Brantôme is a popular tourist destination in the Périgord .
- Cluzeau Chambrebrune
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Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1962 | 1966 |
| 1968 | 1991 |
| 1975 | 2026 |
| 1982 | 2101 |
| 1990 | 2080 |
| 1999 | 2043 |
| 2006 | 2112 |
| 2015 | 2156 |
Brantôme had its highest number of inhabitants in 1846 with 2832 inhabitants, the lowest in the last two centuries was 1962 with 1966 inhabitants.
Regular events
- As part of the Festival Sinfonia en Périgord , concerts of baroque music are held in the abbey on the last two Sundays in August .
- In the high season in July / August are regularly on the Dronne jousting discharged.
Weekly markets
Every Friday morning there is a regionally very important weekly market in Brantôme . In addition, every Tuesday morning from July to August, there is a market with products from the local agriculture.
literature
- Dominique Richard (Ed.): Le Guide Dordogne-Périgord. Fanlac, Périgueux 1993, ISBN 2-86577-162-8 .
- Périgord, Quercy (= Le guide vert. 20). Michelin Éditions du Voyage, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-06-037005-1 .
