Brenzinger & Cie.

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Sample book Brenzinger & Cie.

The Brenzinger & Cie. was a construction company in Freiburg im Breisgau with a focus on concrete construction as well as artificial stone production and processing.

history

Concrete ceiling of the college building of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau

The company was founded in 1872 in the Freiburg district of Stühlinger as a “cement goods factory, stucco and asphalt business” by Julius Brenzinger (1843–1924) from Freiburg . His cousin Joerger loaned him money to start a business. This is how the company name Brenzinger & Cie. to explain. The company initially produced artificial stone. Towards the end of the 19th century, it also increasingly turned to the newly developed concrete construction technology, which combined concrete and reinforcing steel . With the patents of François Hennebique and other developments since the 1880s, this reinforced concrete construction gradually became more and more popular. In addition to building structures, including bridges in particular, Brenzinger & Cie. increasingly also reinforced concrete parts , facade elements as well as stucco elements and sculptures . A sample book from this period shows 600 stucco examples, which could be made of stucco in the interior and as artificial stone in the exterior, depending on the use. Special events in the company's history were the construction of a building for the Freiburg Upper Baden industrial exhibition in the historical style in 1887 . In the period that followed, the company received numerous new orders, such as the construction of the Zähringer Hof hotel in Freiburg. Another milestone in the company's development was the invitation to the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago . There, the company built a structure for the Portland cement works in Heidelberg-Mannheim . As early as 1893, this was followed by the invitation to the Strasbourg industrial and commercial exhibition . From 1908 onwards, concrete products were manufactured in Kirchzarten . Another production location was in Mulhouse under the direction of the engineer Gerhard Ritter.

In 1912 Brenzinger & Cie. the largest construction company in Freiburg, which even had its own company health insurance fund. The company's biggest Freiburg competitors were the cement works and artificial stone factory Alois Krems , FX Sichler, civil engineering, concrete and reinforced concrete construction and the marble, terrazzo and cement business Alois Pascotto . During the First World War , the company benefited from lucrative military contracts, which it carried out in Alsace as a contractor for the stage command . After Julius Brenzinger's death, his son Heinrich Brenzinger took over management, which he held until 1956. After the First World War, the company supported the Freiburg architect Carl Anton Meckel in the construction of numerous concrete monuments and in the construction of the Church of St. Konrad . It was one of the first churches to be built in exposed concrete .

In spite of hostility due to the company's Jewish employees and the Jewish origin of his wife, Heinrich Brenzinger's business development in these years was satisfactory. The high capacity utilization of the company through orders also for the Reich Ministry Speer and the conscription and commitment of workers to the Wehrmacht increasingly led to a labor shortage during the Second World War . This was to be alleviated at the Kirchzarten production site from January 1942, initially by workers from the Soviet Union and from 1944 by Greek slave labor . Brenzinger complained about the work ethic of the Greeks:

"A group of Greeks has been assigned since Monday, a terrible gypsy gang that aims to steal, cheat and swindle ... For the first few days, this gang only has the employment office, the economic office, the DAF , the NSV and whatever the names are up to Moved to the medical officer until we drove with the gendarmerie and Gestapo , but especially through our own toughest measures, and withdrew the food from all slackers who did not want to work. Only that worked. "

In a mixture of “patriotic duty” and economic interests, the company took part in a building project by the Todt near Riga organization . Through statements by Heinrich Brenzinger, an order for the SS and for a tank program that Brenzinger & Cie. carried out in her work in Kirchzarten. In 1942, the company made a copy of Berthold V for the Reich leadership of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) .

On October 11, 1944, the plant in Kirchzarten was badly damaged by bombs. The factory in Stühlinger was badly damaged on November 27, 1944 and December 17, 1944. In 1945 the site in Kirchzarten was used as a prison camp by the French occupying forces. The blockade of the site and the facilities in Kirchzarten soon proved to be an obstacle to the further development of the company. The site remained occupied until 1957, but was then sold because the company could no longer use it satisfactorily. In addition to occupying the premises in Kirchzarten, the company suffered from seizures in Freiburg and Kirchzarten.

In the meantime, expansion and modernization measures have been carried out in the Stühlinger. Because in the post-war period the company was involved in a variety of activities in the reconstruction of Freiburg. In 1956 Heinrich Brenzinger's son-in-law Helmut Wolfgang Dyllick-Brenzinger took over the management (born October 28, 1913 in Danzig , † July 30, 2005). He formulated the company slogan Build with Confidence . In 1964, new production facilities were put into operation in Gündlingen .

In 1979 Heinrich Brenzinger's eldest grandson Michael Dyllick-Brenzinger - who had taken over management from his father in 1976 - founded the subsidiary Brenzinger Wohnbau GmbH and in 1984 Brenzinger Grundstücksverwaltungs KG.

Parts of the library and the company's technical archive were taken over by the Baden-Württemberg Economic Archive . The archival materials from 1900 to 1976, which are not publicly accessible, mainly consist of plans and drawings of projects that have been carried out. Numerous individual pieces from production as well as a copy of the company's sample book can be found in the Small Stucco Museum in Freiburg.

Buildings (selection)

By the end of the Second World War , the company carried out the following projects:

bridges

  • Concrete bridge near Stahringen (1907)
  • Bridge over the Aach in Wehhausen near Buggensegel ( Salem ) (approx. 1912; replaced by a new building in 2013)
  • Concrete bridge at Orschweier over the Rhine Valley Railway (1912) (design and execution)
  • "Ochsenbrücke" over the Dreisam in Freiburg (1912) "with a 40 meter span, one of the first reinforced concrete bridges with a cantilever construction and counterweights."
  • Bridge over the Breg in Wolterdingen (1912)
  • Railway bridge for the new route of the Höllentalbahn over Merzhauser Strasse in Freiburg (1914)
  • Wiesenbrücke in Schopfheim (1912) (approx. 45 m span)
  • Neckar bridge near Schlierbach- Ziegelhausen , before 1923
  • Bridge over the Wehra near Todtmoosau , parapets designed as the main girder, before 1923
  • Pedestrian walkway over the Dreisam (1935)

Industrial buildings

Urban hydraulic structures

Seckenheim water tower
  • Freiburg Wasserschlössle in the Sternwald (1895/1896)
  • Large parts of the Freiburg sewer system at the beginning of the 20th century
  • Water tower in Mannheim-Seckenheim (1909–1911)
  • Water tower on the grounds of the Freiburg University Medical Center (1930, over 50 meters high, built using slipform construction in Hartmannstrasse; later demolished due to obstruction of air traffic)

Hydraulic energy structures

Sacred buildings

For Heinrich Brenzinger, the reconstruction of Freiburg after the Second World War, in which the company was involved in many ways, should be based on the original structure of the city. Among other things, the following projects were realized (alone or in collaboration with other companies):

  • Reconstruction of the city ​​theater in Freiburg (completion of work on the Great House on December 30, 1949)
  • Cast of figures from the Giersberg Chapel in Kirchzarten by Matthias Faller from 1705 (1951)
  • As part of the reconstruction: clothing store Müller, Brille Nosch, Gasser & Hammer, publishing house Herder , new buildings of Kollegiengebäudes II of the university, an administrative building of the Freiburg regional council on Bertoldstrasse, the branch of Deutsche Bank AG
  • Further projects: Ear, nose and throat clinic in the University Medical Center Freiburg, large production buildings for the Hellige company , Rhodiaceta AG and Mez AG .
  • Student housing estate on Sundgauallee in Freiburg (1960s)

literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

  • Dr.-Ing. E. h. Dedicated to Heinrich Brenzinger on the occasion of his 65th birthday on June 20, 1944. o. O. 1944. (two volumes)
  • Andrea Haußmann: Heinrich Brenzinger (1879–1960). Freiburg im Breisgau 1996.
  • Renate Liessem-Breinlinger: Heinrich Brenzinger 1879–1960. Engineer, entrepreneur, historian. Biography of a Freiburg resident. In: Schau-ins-Land, magazine of the Breisgau-Geschichtsverein , 109th annual issue, 1990, pp. 165–177.
  • Local association Freiburg-Stühlinger eV (Ed.): Brenzinger & Cie. GmbH concrete and reinforced concrete construction, cement goods factory. In: The Stühlinger. Festschrift for the 850th anniversary of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau. Freiburg im Breisgau 1970, pp. 83-86.
  • Wilhelm Petry: Concrete stone and artistic treatment of the concrete. Development from the first beginnings of the German artificial stone industry to the processing of concrete as cast stone. Wiesbaden 1913.
  • Ferdinand Werner : The long way to the new building . 2 volumes. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2016. [Volume 2: Cement & artificial stone - The triumphant advance of fantasy . ISBN 978-3-88462-372-5 , pp. 436-446: Section 11.3.7. Benzinger & Co. in Freiburg ].

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Klant (ed.), Skulptur in Freiburg, Volume 2, 19th Century Art in Public Space, Freiburg 2000, ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , p. 27
  2. ↑ Julius Brenzinger was a trained stonemason and sculptor, so: Joanna Flawia Figiel: Concrete, artificial stone, stucco: Brenzinger company and its competitors , in: Augustinermuseum Freiburg, Art Nouveau in Freiburg , Freiburg 2001, ISBN 3-7930-9287-9 , p. 103.
  3. ↑ Joanna Flawia Figiel: Concrete, artificial stone, stucco: Brenzinger company and their competitors , in: Augustinermuseum Freiburg, Jugendstil i Freiburg , Freiburg 2001, ISBN 3-7930-9287-9 , p. 104.
  4. ↑ Brenzinger & Co. in Freiburg illustrate the diverse architectural cement works, including a portal with caryatids and Corinthian capitals made of artificial sandstone, vases, statues and busts. , Quote from the exhibition catalog at that time, according to Joanna Flawia Figiel: Concrete, artificial stone, stucco: Brenzinger company and its competitors , in: Augustinermuseum Freiburg, Art Nouveau i Freiburg , Freiburg 2001, ISBN 3-7930-9287-9 , p. 104.
  5. ↑ The amount of the municipal orders in 1904 was 31,846.58; 1905 61,867.76; 1906 70,540.05; 1907 58,762.60; 1908 78,117.20 and early 1909 17,843.40 marks, see above: City Council, capital Freiburg im Breisgau. Rubric building matters city. Subject: Construction of the savings bank building in 1906/1909. Freiburg City Archives C3 68/1.
  6. ↑ Brenzinger was defeated, for example, in the competition for the work on the new savings bank in the Zum Walfisch building , according to: City Council, capital Freiburg im Breisgau. Rubric building matters city. Subject: Construction of the savings bank building in 1906/1909. Freiburg City Archives C3 68/1.
  7. ↑ cf. Joanna Flawia Figiel: Concrete, artificial stone, stucco: the Brenzinger company and its competitors , in: Augustinermuseum Freiburg, Art Nouveau in Freiburg , Freiburg 2001, ISBN 3-7930-9287-9 , p. 104f.
  8. ^ Roger Chickering: The Great War and urban life in Germany. Freiburg 1914-1918. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 24, p. 132, ISBN 978-0-521-85256-2 .
  9. ↑ Werner Wolf-Holzäpfel: The architect Max Meckel 1847-1910. Studies on the architecture and church building of historicism in Germany. , Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2000, ISBN 3-933784-62-X , p. 257 f.
  10. ↑ Der Stürmer No. 22, May 1934 and No. 49, December 1937, according to Andrea Haußmann: "Heinrich Brenzinger: (1879–1960)", Freiburg / Breisgau, 1996, p. 119.
  11. ↑ Work on the company grave was delayed as early as 1938, as orders for the Wehrmacht were given priority. See the letter from the garden department to the mayor at the time dated July 6, 1938 about the reasons for the delay: the Brenzinger company [has] been busy with very important construction contracts for the armed forces for some time ... and [cannot] get any further skilled workers ..
  12. ^ Andrea Haußmann: "Heinrich Brenzinger: (1879-1960)", Freiburg / Breisgau, 1996, p. 125.
  13. ↑ In: Bernd Spitzmüller: ... But life was unimaginably difficult. The history of forced laborers in Freiburg during the Second World War , Freiburg im Breisgau 2004, p. 105.
  14. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: "Heinrich Brenzinger: (1879–1960)", Freiburg / Breisgau, 1996, p. 124.
  15. ↑ Bernd Spitzmüller: ... But life was unimaginably difficult. The history of forced laborers in Freiburg during the Second World War , Freiburg im Breisgau 2004, p. 104.
  16. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: "Heinrich Brenzinger (1879–1960)", Freiburg / Breisgau, 1996, p. 166: After destruction as a result of a bomb attack in 1944, Brenzinger expressed himself as follows: [we] start rebuilding the factory immediately, because we have very urgent orders for the SS and Panzer program.
  17. ↑ Ulrike Derndinger: Meißenheim: Cast from 1942? , Badische Zeitung, February 5, 2011, accessed on May 19, 2013: This is in the Münsterbauarchiv through a letter from the company to the Führer’s agent for monitoring intellectual and ideological training and education of the NSDAP, Office for Exhibitions in Berlin-Charlottenburg occupied.
  18. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: "Heinrich Brenzinger: (1879-1960)", Freiburg / Breisgau, 1996, p. 166ff.
  19. ↑ On May 24, 1946 and September 23, 1947, a diesel compressor, rotary hammers, demolition hammers, a mastic asphalt boiler and a diesel locomotive (OME 117 from Klöckner-Humboldt Deutz) were confiscated. Heinrich Brenzinger put the replacement price at a total of 26,130 DM. The company received no compensation for the seized diesel locomotive, as it was considered to have already been economically depreciated at the time of the seizure. See the estate of Heinrich Brenzinger in the Freiburg City Archives, K1 / 108 No. 10 Replacement of damage caused by dismantling in the Freiburg and Kirchzarten factories 1941–1951 .
  20. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: "Heinrich Brenzinger: (1879-1960)", Freiburg / Breisgau, 1996, p. 205.
  21. ^ Local association Freiburg-Stühlinger eV (Ed.): Brenzinger & Cie. GmbH concrete and reinforced concrete construction, cement goods factory , in: Der Stühlinger. Festschrift for the 850th anniversary of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau. 1970, p. 86
  22. ↑ repertory of technical journal literature, Berlin 1905, S. 102nd
  23. ↑ A special feature here were the wide-span, self-supporting concrete ceilings, the large entrance hall with stone- dust facing concrete and the self-supporting coffered ceiling of the auditorium, see: Andrea Haußmann: Heinrich Brenzinger (1879–1960). Freiburg (Breisgau) 1996, p. 86f.
  24. ↑ Concrete stone work for the columns of the inner courtyard, outer visible surfaces, door frames and cornice cover plates, vaults in reinforced concrete, see above: Wilhelm Petry: Concrete stone and artistic treatment of the concrete. Development from the first beginnings of the German artificial stone industry to the processing of concrete as cast stone. Deutscher Beton-Verein eV, Wiesbaden 1913, p. 55.
  25. ^ Renate Liessem-Breinlinger: Heinrich Brenzinger 1879–1960. Engineer, entrepreneur, historian. Biography of a Freiburg resident. In: Journal of the Breisgau history association "Schau-ins-Land" , 109th annual issue, 1990, p. 171.
  26. ^ Special supplement to the Freiburger Zeitung on the opening of the new railway line, November 8, 1934, accessed on May 13, 2010.
  27. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: Heinrich Brenzinger (1879-1960). Freiburg (Breisgau) 1996, p. 95.
  28. ↑ Bernd Otinad: Baden-Württembergische biographies. Volume 1, Stuttgart 1994, p. 44.
  29. ^ Friedrich Emperger : Handbook for reinforced concrete construction. Berlin 1907, Volume 2, p. 230.
  30. ^ Carl Kersten: Bridges in reinforced concrete. A guide for school and practice. Part 1, 3rd edition, Berlin 1912, p. 135; Length 20.4m, width 3.75m. The sparingly executed abutments are a special feature.
  31. ^ Friedrich Emperger: Handbook for reinforced concrete construction. 7th volume, Berlin 1921, p. 471.
  32. ^ The architect was Carl Anton Meckel here too; the sculptures that serve as counterweights - including two oxen as a reference to the slaughterhouse located nearby at the time, which led the population to its current name - were created by the sculptor Ludwig Kubanek . The bridge was demolished and rebuilt in 1970 due to increased traffic. In this context, the sculptures were placed on today's pedestals and rotated 90 degrees, like this: Johanna Flawia Figiel: Art Nouveau in Freiburg. Freiburg im Breisgau 1999, p. 195 and fn. 11.
  33. ↑ Quotation on construction from: Local Association Freiburg-Stühlinger eV (Ed.): Brenzinger & Cie. GmbH concrete and reinforced concrete construction, cement goods factory. In: The Stühlinger. Festschrift for the 850th anniversary of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau. 1970, p. 83.
  34. ↑ Heiko Haumann , Uwe Kühhl, Manfred Lallinger, Renate Liessem-Breinlinger, Fred. L. Sepaintner, Hartmut Zoche: Industrial city or 'Pensionopolis'? During the German Empire (1871–1914). In: History of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau. Volume 3, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8062-0857-3 , p. 195.
  35. ↑ Werner, p. 445; Elevator museum in the water tower. Seckenheim's landmark and Lochbühler family business through the ages . Waldkirch, Mannheim 2015, ISBN 3-86476-065-8 , p. 24.
  36. ↑ Heiko Haumann, Uwe Kühl, Manfred Lallinger, Renate Liessem-Breinlinger, Fred. L. Sepaintner, Hartmut Zoche: Industrial city or 'Pensionopolis'? During the German Empire (1871–1914). In: History of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau. Volume 3, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8062-0857-3 , p. 243.
  37. ^ Renate Liessem-Breinlinger: Heinrich Brenzinger 1879–1960. Engineer, entrepreneur, historian. Biography of a Freiburg resident. In: Journal of the Breisgau history association "Schau-ins-Land" , 109th annual issue, 1990, p. 174.
  38. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: Heinrich Brenzinger (1879-1960). Freiburg (Breisgau) 1996, p. 91.
  39. ^ Local association Freiburg-Stühlinger eV (Ed.): Brenzinger & Cie. GmbH concrete and reinforced concrete construction, cement goods factory. In: The Stühlinger. Festschrift for the 850th anniversary of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau. 1970, p. 83.
  40. ^ Renate Liessem-Breinlinger: Heinrich Brenzinger 1879–1960. Engineer, entrepreneur, historian. Biography of a Freiburg resident. In: Journal of the Breisgau history association "Schau-ins-Land" , 109th annual issue, 1990, p. 176.
  41. ^ Freiburger Zeitung of October 18, 1932, No. 285, Third Evening Gazette, accessed June 7, 2010.
  42. ↑ Andrea Haußmann: Heinrich Brenzinger (1879-1960). Freiburg (Breisgau) 1996, p. 204.
  43. ↑ cf. on this: Brenzinger's letter to Friedländer dated October 4, 1951

Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 43.48 ″  N , 7 ° 50 ′ 8.57 ″  E

Web links

Commons : Buildings by Brenzinger & Cie.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files