Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance

Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance ; - BBK -
State level	Federation
position	Higher federal authority
Supervisory authority	Federal Ministry of the Interior
founding	May 1, 2004
Headquarters	Bonn
president	Christoph Unger
Servants	283
Budget volume	109.17 million EUR (2020)
Web presence	www.bbk.bund.de

The Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance ( BBK ) is a higher federal authority within the portfolio of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, Building and Home Affairs (BMI) and the central organizational element for civil security. It was on 1 May 2004 built .

Christoph Unger has been President since September 2004 , and Thomas Herzog has been Vice President since October 1, 2016. Since July 2006, his office has been in Bonn - Lengsdorf (previously in the Bad Godesberg district ).

tasks

The law on the establishment of the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance ( BBKG ) defines the tasks of the BBK:

The Federal Office performs federal tasks in the areas of civil protection and disaster relief which are assigned to it by the Civil Protection Act or other federal laws or on the basis of these laws [...].

According to Section 1 (2) of the Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance Act (ZSKG), civil protection includes the following tasks:

Self protection
Warning the population
Protective construction
Residence regulation
Civil protection
Measures to protect health
Measures to protect cultural assets (for this purpose, the BBK operates a central recovery location in the Barbarastollen near Oberried )

These tasks are carried out in five departments.

Departments

Department I - Crisis Management

The GMLZ ( Joint Reporting and Situation Center ) was set up in Department I to coordinate disaster relief ( crisis management ) .

The warning of the population with the subtasks of operation and further development of the modular warning system ( MoWaS ) and the warning app NINA is a task of Department I. MoWaS offers the possibility not only to announce dangers, but also to pass on rules of behavior to the population via radio . The new systems make it possible to transmit warning messages and hazard announcements with the highest priority via satellite to the connected media in seconds. In addition to all public broadcasters, other private broadcasters, internet portal operators and large press agencies have been and will be included in this system.

The Federal Government's coordination office for aftercare, victim and family support (NOAH) is also located in the BBK . In addition, the LüKEX unit for the implementation of the regular cross-border crisis management exercises of the same name is part of Department I.

Division II - Risk Management, International Affairs

In addition to handling fundamental and legal issues relating to civil protection, the department performs the following tasks in the context of emergency preparedness and risk management:

Further development of the non-police, non-military emergency response to an overall concept that is always appropriate to threats,
Development and updating of macroscopic risk analyzes including methodological advice for implementation on other administrative levels,
Review and further development of emergency planning in close cooperation with federal and state authorities,
Development of concepts for the long-term protection and promotion of voluntary work ,
Development of cooperation models between the federal government, fire services , aid organizations and other actors in the security architecture in Germany,
Civil-Military Cooperation (ZMZ / CIMIC),
Promotion and further expansion of professional networks in civil protection,
Informing the population and developing and disseminating self-protection and self-help recommendations.

In addition, Department II deals with the physical protection of critical infrastructures (KRITIS). Critical infrastructures in the sense of civil protection are primarily to be understood as energy supply, transport, drinking water and food supply including disposal, health care, the authorities and organizations with security tasks or government and public administration as well as communication infrastructures. This means that Department II has the following fields of activity:

Ensuring a close professional network of all public and private bodies involved in the protection of critical infrastructures,
Development of short, medium and long-term risk analyzes for critical infrastructures,
Development of emergency and hazard prevention plans for critical infrastructures, including recommendations for an integrated risk and crisis management (interaction of public / external and private / internal non-police security ),
Advising state, other public and private bodies on precautionary and defense planning for the protection of critical infrastructures
Developing recommendations for the structural and technical protection of infrastructure facilities.

The BBK also works through Department II in the National Cyber Defense Center (NCAZ), which is located at the Federal Office for Information Security (BSI).

The third central task area of the department is the internal coordination of the international activities of the BBK as well as the support of the Federal Ministry of the Interior in the implementation and further development of the disaster control procedure of the European Union. Since 2008 the BBK has carried out support projects for civil and disaster control authorities in other countries financed by other departments. B. in the People's Republic of China, in Tunisia, in Jordan, in Ukraine u. a. The BBK u. a. with the German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ), the THW and fire departments and other institutions.

The National Contact Point for the implementation of the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction in Germany has also been set up at the BBK in Department II since 2017. The Sendai framework is a work program of the United Nations as part of the UN Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (UN-ISDR).

Conducted risk analyzes

The risk analysis is anchored in the Civil Protection and Disaster Relief Act, Section 18 : The federal government, in cooperation with the federal states, prepares a nationwide risk analysis for civil protection. The Federal Ministry of the Interior will inform the German Bundestag of the results of the risk analysis according to sentence 1 annually from 2010 onwards.

The following risk analyzes have been carried out since 2012:

Extreme melt flood from the low mountain ranges (2012)
Pandemic caused by virus Modi-SARS (2012)
Winter Storm (2013)
Storm surge (2014)
Release of radioactive substances from a nuclear power plant (2015)
Release of Chemical Substances (2016).
Drought (2018)

Department III - Research and Technology, Public Health Protection

Tasks / overview

Department III's tasks include a .:

Determination of the need for research and development of framework plans,
NBC protection / precaution in the scientific, technical and medical field,
Design and procurement of the supplementary civil protection-related equipment for the federal states ("task force model"),
scientific and technical advice.

Department IV - Academy for Crisis Management, Emergency Planning and Civil Defense

The BBK includes the Academy for Crisis Management, Emergency Planning and Civil Protection (AKNZ) in Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler . This institution is the central training and further education facility in the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief. The tasks of the AKNZ are:

Basic and advanced training of the personnel dealing with questions of civil security and the management and teaching staff of the disaster control,
Implementation and evaluation of exercises, such as the cross-border crisis management exercise LÜKEX ,
Evaluation of major loss situations at home and abroad,
Evaluation of national and international analyzes, publications and documentation,
scientific supervision of research projects as well as their evaluation and implementation,
Conducting studies and examinations,
Conducting seminars, exercises and other events for civil-military cooperation and
Participation in the conceptual work of the competent highest federal authorities, participation in federal-state committees and in EU bodies.

Department Z - Central Services

Tasks / overview

The tasks of Department Z include a .:

staff
Budget and law
Organization, specialist information point
technical services

Specialist information point

The specialist information center (FIS) offers all full-time and voluntary employees the option of borrowing specialist literature and copies from specialist journals in the integrated assistance system . It collects, indexes and disseminates specialist literature on all topics of civil defense and civil protection .

It supports civil protection at federal, state, municipal and aid organizations with modern information transfer and offers its customers added value for their daily work by processing and structuring knowledge. As a mediator of data, facts and information on questions of civil protection, the service of the FIS is not limited to the loan of books. Anyone interested can do research in the literature database on the Internet. The FIS has a total of around 63,000 German and English-language media (books, essays, video films, DVD and CD-ROM). The FIS consists of a library and documentation .

The BBK a quarterly journal, Civil Protection out.

History of the civil defense authorities

In 1952 the civil air defense subdivision was set up in the Federal Ministry of the Interior .
In 1955 the subdivision was transferred to the Federal Agency for Civil Air Protection .
In 1957 this institute was subordinated to the Federal Agency for Civilian Civil Protection.
In 1958 this agency became the Federal Office for Civilian Protection .
In 1974 it was renamed the Federal Office for Civil Protection (BZS) .
In 2001 the tasks of the BZS were transferred to the Federal Office of Administration (BVA) by the Budget Reorganization Act of 1999 . The BZS was transferred to the BVA, where it performed the tasks of civil protection and disaster control as the central office for civil protection .
The Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief was established on May 1, 2004 . The background was, on the one hand, the events of September 11, 2001 and, on the other hand, the organizational differences between the federal and state governments in combating the Elbe floods in 2002 .

Current

In 2006/07 the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance was primarily responsible for the introduction of the Medical Task Forces as part of the “New Concept in Civil Protection ”. In this new conception , a new equipment concept geared to special hazards such as NBC protection and MANV was developed in coordination with the federal states as part of the supplementary, civil protection-related equipment that the federal government makes available to the states.

Since 2006, the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Aid has been involved as a cooperation partner in the advanced master's degree in Disaster Risk Reduction - Disaster Management (KaVoMa). The Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn aims with the course on a holistic academic qualification contribution in the field of disaster prevention and disaster management.

On June 8, 2015, the warning app NINA (“Emergency Information and News App”) developed by the BBK was made available to the population for smartphones. At the same time, the website warnung.bund.de was activated, which also provides information on all current warning messages from the MoWaS system.

Web links

Commons : Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Christoph Unger, President of the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief . BBK website. Retrieved April 6, 2017.

↑ Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance at a glance. Federal Ministry of the Interior, Building and Home Affairs, accessed on May 4, 2020 (German).

↑ § 1 BBKG

↑ Press release of the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance from October 28, 2016

↑ Law on the establishment of the Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBKG) (PDF; 63 kB).

↑ Report on risk analysis in civil protection 2016 . In: 18th German Bundestag , printed matter 18/10850, December 28, 2016.

↑ ^a ^b Report on risk analysis in civil protection 2012 . In: 17th German Bundestag, printed matter 17/12051, January 3, 2013 - Risk analysis of extreme melt floods and pandemic .

↑ Report on risk analysis in civil protection 2013 . In: 18th German Bundestag, printed matter 18/208, December 16, 2013 - risk analysis winter storm .

↑ Report on the risk analysis in civil protection 2014 . In: 18th German Bundestag, printed matter 18/3682, 23 December 2014 - Storm surge risk analysis .

↑ Report on the risk analysis in civil protection 2015 . In: 18th German Bundestag, printed matter 18/7209, January 4, 2016 - Risk analysis of the release of radioactive substances from a nuclear power plant .

↑ Report on risk analysis in civil protection 2016 . In: 18th German Bundestag, printed matter 18/10850, December 28, 2016 - Risk analysis of the release of chemical substances .

↑ Report on the risk analysis in civil protection 2018 , in: 19th German Bundestag , printed matter 19/9521, April 12, 2019 - Risk analysis drought.

↑ Supplementary federal equipment for disaster control . BBK website. Retrieved April 6, 2017.

↑ Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance: Literature database

↑ Civil Protection Magazine . BBK website. Retrieved April 6, 2017.

^ The Federal Medical Task Force (MTF). Retrieved May 24, 2018 .

↑ Master's degree in Disaster Risk Reduction & Disaster Management . Website of the KaVoMa course. Retrieved April 6, 2017.

↑ Kerstin Reisdorf: "Prevention is better than cure" - Old folk wisdom and a new course of study make disaster management in Germany sustainable. In: Civil Protection. No. 3/2009. Bonn 2009, pp. 22-25 ( online ).