Federal Authority (Germany)
Federal authorities in Germany authorities of the Federal . They perform tasks of the federal administration in Germany . The federal authorities include unincorporated authorities of direct state administration as well as institutions and corporations under public law with indirect state administration with their own legal capacity . Some federal agencies, contrary to their names, may not be legally competent higher federal authorities. The military departments of the armed forces are not federal agencies . They do not perform any public administration tasks and therefore do not fall under the definition of an authority.
Federal authorities can be classified according to their hierarchical position as follows:
- Supreme Federal Authorities
- Higher federal authorities (also called upper federal authorities)
- Federal funding agencies
- Federal sub-authorities (also called local authorities)
Legal basis
In principle, the states implement the federal laws as a separate matter ( Art. 83 GG ). Although the Länder execute federal laws on federal contracts, the establishment of the authorities remains basically their affair ( Art. 85 para. 1 GG ). For matters for which the federal government is entitled to legislate ( Art. 73 and Art. 74 GG ), independent higher federal authorities and new federal corporations and institutions under public law can be established by federal law ( Art. 87 Art. 3 sentence 1 GG ).
If the federal government has new tasks in areas for which it is entitled to legislate, federal central and subordinate authorities can be set up with the consent of the Bundesrat and the majority of the members of the Bundestag ( Art. 87 Art. 3 sentence 2 GG ). Due to this urgent need, no federal authority has yet been established.
The foreign service , the federal finance administration and the administration of the federal waterways and shipping ( Art. 87 Art. 1 S. 1 GG ) are managed in federal administration with its own administrative substructure . Federal border protection authorities , central offices for police information and intelligence , for the criminal police and for the collection of documents for purposes of the protection of the constitution and protection against efforts in the federal territory, which through the use of force or preparatory actions aimed at it, jeopardize foreign interests of the Federal Republic of Germany, ( Art. 87 Art. 1 S. 2 GG ). Furthermore, the Federal Armed Forces Administration ( Art. 87b Art. 1 S. 1 GG ), the Aviation Administration ( Art. 87b Art. 1 S. 1 GG ), the Railway Administration for Federal Railways ( Art. 87e Art. 1 S. 1 GG ), Sovereign tasks in the field of postal services and telecommunications ( Art. 87f Art. 1 S. 1 GG ) as well as the administration of the federal motorways ( Art. 87b Art. 1 S. 1 GG ) managed or executed in federal administration, the Bundeswehr administration with its own Administrative substructure.
Those social insurance carriers are managed as federally direct corporations under public law , whose area of responsibility extends beyond the territory of one country, but not more than three countries ( Art. 87 Art. 2 GG ).
Supreme Federal Authorities
The supreme federal authorities supervise the higher federal authorities with no legal capacity (usually technical and official supervision ) as well as legal bodies, institutions and foundations under public law (usually legal supervision ). The local jurisdiction of the supreme federal authorities basically extends to the entire federal territory . The 29 supreme federal authorities are:
Higher federal authorities
Higher federal authorities are directly subordinate to a supreme federal authority and have no legal capacity. As a rule, you are in the subordinate division of a federal ministry. In principle, they are locally responsible for the entire federal territory. Higher federal authorities are also federally unincorporated public law institutions. The higher federal authorities are:
Federal central and federal sub-authorities
Federal funding agencies are only set up in areas where the federal government has its own administrative framework. They are generally subordinate to a supreme federal authority and often locally responsible for only part of the federal territory. Federal sub-authorities (local authorities) can be subordinate to them. The local jurisdiction of the federal sub-authorities is usually limited to a smaller area. The federal police authorities are the eleven federal police directorates as sub-authorities and the federal police academy ( Section 57 (2 ) BPolG ).
Federal agencies
Legally competent and partially legally competent federal agencies are:
Legal bodies under public law
Legal entities under public law at federal level are usually social insurance carriers, for example:
| Abbreviation | Surname | Supervisory authority | Headquarters | country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BA | Federal agency for work | Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs | Nuremberg | Bavaria |
| DRV-Bund | German Federal Pension Insurance | Federal Social Security Office | Berlin | |
| DRV-KBS | German Pension Insurance Knappschaft-Bahn-See | Federal Social Security Office | Bochum | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| UVB | Federal and rail accident insurance | Federal Social Security Office | Frankfurt am Main | Hesse |
| KVB | Health care for Federal Railroad officials | Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure | Frankfurt am Main | Hesse |
Former federal agencies
The following non-exhaustive list shows former federal authorities and their successors:
- Federal Office for Equipment, Information Technology and Use of the Bundeswehr (BAAINBw) in Koblenz Merger of
-
Federal Office for Personnel Management of the Bundeswehr (BAPersBw) in Cologne Merger of
- Personnel Office of the Bundeswehr (PersABw) in Cologne
- Main office of the Bundeswehr (SDBw) in Cologne
- Formerly Federal Office for Infrastructure, Environmental Protection and Services of the Bundeswehr (BAIUDBw) in Bonn
-
Federal Office for Central Services and Unresolved Property Issues (BADV) in Berlin Merger of
- Federal Office for the Regulation of Open Property Issues (BARoV)
- Service center of the Federal Office of Finance
-
Federal Office of Administration (BVA) in Cologne
- Parts of the Federal Office for Central Services and Unresolved Property Issues (BADV) in Berlin (from June 1, 2017)
- Federal Compensation Office (BAA) in Bad Homburg
- Formerly Federal Central Tax Office (BZSt) in Bonn
- Federal Customs Administration takes over the remaining employees of
-
Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks (BImA) took over the tasks of
- Federal asset management and individual tasks of the
- Federal Agency for Unification-Related Special Tasks (BvS)
See also
literature
- Literature on federal authorities in the catalog of the German National Library
Web links
- Search for authorities. In: https://www.service.bund.de/ . Federal Office of Administration , accessed on October 22, 2019 .
- Address directory. (PDF) In: https://www.service.bund.de/ . Federal Office of Administration , accessed on October 9, 2019 (in some cases also includes non-authorities such as military agencies).
- List of abbreviations. (PDF) In: https://www.service.bund.de/ . Federal Office of Administration , October 2018, accessed on October 9, 2019 (Abbreviations for the constitutional organs, the highest federal authorities, the highest federal courts, federal authorities, federal courts, federal agencies and other institutions whose importance goes beyond their own area of responsibility.).
- Authority finder. (PDF) In: https://www.service.bund.de/ . Federal Office of Administration , accessed on October 9, 2019 (list of federal and state authorities).
- Authority finder throughout Germany. BFD office and coordination office at the Ministry of Finance of the State of Saxony-Anhalt, accessed on October 9, 2019 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Jörn Ipsen: Staatsrecht 1: Staatsorganisationsrecht . 25th edition. Alred Metzner, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-8006-4657-9 , Rn. 656 .
- ↑ New Federal Office for Nuclear Waste Management starts work (press release No. 145/14). In: http://www.bmub.bund.de/ . Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety , August 29, 2014, accessed on October 9, 2019 .
- ↑ BAuA establishing decree
