Castle rest Kastelberg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Castle rest Kastelberg
South side of the tower stump

South side of the tower stump

Creation time : 1100 to 1200
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Wall remnants, trenches
Standing position : Nobles
Place: Ballrechte-Dottingen
Geographical location 47 ° 51 '3.6 "  N , 7 ° 42' 17.6"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 51 '3.6 "  N , 7 ° 42' 17.6"  E
Height: 439.5  m above sea level NHN
Castle rest Kastelberg (Baden-Wuerttemberg)
Castle rest Kastelberg
View of the remains of the tower from the viewing platform
Castellberg from the southwest

The castle rest Kastelberg is the ruin of a hilltop castle at 439.5  m above sea level. NHN high mountain cone Castellberg belonging to Ballrechte-Dottingen . It is located 1200 meters north of the St. Cyriak church in the town of Sulzburg in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district in Baden-Württemberg .

history

prehistory

Fragments found on the Castellberg attest to “settlements during the Bronze Age , the Urnfield Culture and the Hallstatt Period”, and “the entire mountain was fortified with a rampart in prehistoric times”. Contrary to internet texts to the contrary, a Roman settlement of the mountain has not yet been confirmed.

Middle Ages and Modern Times

The castle was built in the 12th century, possibly by the Lords of Üsenberg , who, considering Sulzburg Castle, could be the owner of a castle on the Kastelberg. The burger direction was preceded by a presumably prehistoric Bronze Age and Early Iron Age hilltop settlement , possibly a Celtic refugee castle , of which a section wall with an upstream ditch in the area not far from the castle site testifies. The medieval Burgplatz lies on the gentle crest of the Castellberg ridge.

Castle complex

Surrounded by an approximately 7 m deep and up to 8 m wide ring moat , the approximately 36 × 16 m large, rectangular castle plateau rises. In its northern part, a remnant of a tower stump about five meters high with a base area of ​​about 10 × 10 m and 3.6 meters thick masonry has been preserved. The four corners of this former keep are roughly oriented towards the four cardinal points. The interior of the tower still shows the interior cladding made of up to 0.5 m large, regular lime stone wall blocks. Records from the 19th century show another, residential tower-like building at the southern end of the complex.

Castellberg Tower

In the immediate vicinity of the castle ruins is the Castellbergturm , a steel observation tower on the Castellberg, which was inaugurated on September 2, 1962 by the Black Forest Association , Sulzburg local group, with a good view of the Rhine plain and the Markgräflerland , but without an all-round view. Castle remains and the observation tower are freely accessible.

Castellberg and Fohrenberg

The Castellberg is one of the Black Forest foothills , as is the similarly overgrown, around 1 km air line north of the Castellberg called Fohrenberg , 432.3  m above sea level. NHN high. There is a 2.5 km long circular route around the Castellberg, whereas the panoramic circular route around the Fohrenberg is around 6 km long. The Castellbergkuppe is a nature reserve and covers about 10 hectares. It is forested, and the sunny south and west slopes of the Castellberg are used for vineyards. Viticulture has been documented there for over 1000 years. The vineyards have remained largely the same since 1784 - since and through Margrave Karl-Friedrich - until today. 16.5 hectares of the vineyards on Castellberg are steep slopes, the remaining 148.5 hectares on a slope. The soil is medium heavy, consisting of sandy, calcareous loam . The grape varieties include Gutedel , Müller-Thurgau , Burgundy varieties and Gewürztraminer .

Dry stone walls and sometimes relatively long, steep stone stairs can be found in the southern slopes of the mountain. The working group for nature and the environment and the municipality of Ballrechte-Dottingen extensively renovated the dry stone walls and stairs in need of renovation, especially in 2009. Especially in non-cultivated area to find rare "woody plants and semi-arid grassland societies such as downy oak , Dürr Wurz , Bastard Balm , columbine , daphne , wild service trees and haws ", also from the family of orchids Nestwurz , Military Orchid , red and white Waldvögelein , Pyramidal , epipactis , mosquitoes -Handelwort and large two-leaf .

The praying mantis should be observable in late summer. There are more rare species of birds such as warblers , red backs and wrynecks . The Castellberg is easily accessible by paths and circular paths - in the vineyards with a beautiful view of the surroundings.

Court oak

The Undestroyed Court Oak (2007)

A tourist specialty is the court oak at the hiking park and forest playground at the Castellberg hut, near the Castellhöfen, approx. 500 m northeast of the castle. The oak is over 400 years old and - because it is ill - shortened to approx. 7 m in height and artistically designed by the Freiburg artist and wood sculptor Thomas Rees using natural forms (completion on May 1, 2007). "The trunk has a circumference of 7 m and a diameter of 2 m, the lower 2 m are hollow." The figure shows a hanged man, flanked by his executioner, a cross and a grieving woman, a waiting raven and a kite with a split tail who carries the black souls away from the place of execution with his claws, the spirit of the tree as a face on the east side, devil and snake, apple, chalice as biblical symbols, a winegrower reaching for grapes with his hand as well as stairs, caves, gates, windows , Huts, towers and battlements on the top of the tree, as a reminder of the early settlement of the area by Celts and Romans with their fortifications and castles.

On New Year's Eve 2016/17, the court oak was destroyed by vandalism when firecrackers were set on fire inside. Two thirds of the work was destroyed, the bottom two meters were completely burned. The artist wants to create something new from the leftovers.

literature

Web links

Commons : Burgrest Kastelberg, Ballrechte-Dottingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Court Oak  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ^ A b Castellberg Burg Ballrechte-Dottingen at alemannische-seiten.de
  3. a b c d e f g h Ballrechte-Dottinger Castellberg at bezirkskellerei.de ( Memento from September 24, 2018 in the Internet Archive )
  4. According to information from the Department of Provincial Roman Archeology at the University of Freiburg , Villa urbana branch in Heitersheim
  5. ^ Entry on Burgrest Kastelberg in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved January 20, 2012.
  6. a b c d Castellberg at alemannische-seiten.de
  7. Court oak at freiburg-schwarzwald.de
  8. Sabine Model: After the arson attack on the court oak: Artists and mayors want to set an example ( memento from January 11, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), Badische Zeitung , January 10, 2017, accessed March 21, 2017.