Heitersheim

Heitersheim - Station Müllheim (273 m)
Climate diagram
	Temperature in ° C , precipitation in mm
	Source: [1]

Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Freiburg
County :	Breisgau-Upper Black Forest
Height :	254 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.71 km 2
Residents:	6257 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	534 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	79423
Primaries :	07634, 07633
License plate :	FR
Community key :	08 3 15 050
LOCODE :	DE HTH
City structure:	2 districts
; City administration address :	Hauptstrasse 9 ; 79423 Heitersheim
Website :	www.heitersheim.de
Mayor :	Christoph Zachow
Location of the city of Heitersheim in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district

Heitersheim is a town in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district in Baden-Württemberg .

geography

Looking east towards the Black Forest

Geographical location

Heitersheim is located in the valley of the southern Upper Rhine , embedded between the Rhine plain in the west and the hill country, which merges further east into the Black Forest . A prominent mountain in the east of the city is the 1414 m high Belchen . Heitersheim lies in the transition from Breisgau in the north and the Markgräflerland in the south. After Basel in the south is around 40 kilometers to Freiburg in the north 25 km.

geology

Heitersheim lies on a fertile alluvial loess area , which changes into gravelly earth and river gravel the further you go west to the Rhine . To the east, the hills contain loess, with the sand and stone content of the soil increasing towards the Black Forest. This is a cultivated landscape with the main cultivation of corn , grain and vines .

The Sulzbach flows through Heitersheim, it rises east of Bad Sulzburg in the Black Forest and flows towards the Rhine , where it seeps away together with the Ehebach and the Eschbach into the gravel of the Niederterrasse and the Rheinaue.

Neighboring communities

To the south of Heitersheim lie Betberg and Seefelden , both districts of Buggingen , to the west is Grissheim, a district of Neuenburg am Rhein , to the north are Eschbach and Schmidhofen, a district of Bad Krozingen , and to the east are Wettelbrunn , a district of Staufen im Breisgau , and the municipality of Ballrechte-Dottingen .

City structure

The city of Heitersheim consists of the districts of Heitersheim and Gallenweiler , which are spatially identical to the communities of the same name before the community reform of the 1970s (the community northeast of Heitersheim was incorporated on December 1, 1971).

The two districts also form the two residential districts within the meaning of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code, residential district Heitersheim and residential district Gallenweiler . Only the villages of the same name belong to the districts; in the Gallenweiler district is the lost village of Muttikofen .

The urban area includes an exclave with a forest on the Rhine, north of the Neuchâtel-Grissheim district and west of the Eschbach / Bremgarten airfield. The district of Heitersheim has an area of 9.65 km², the entire city with Gallenweiler and the associated high forest in the Sulzburg district is 11.78 km².

Heitersheim is part of an agreed administrative community with Eschbach and Ballrechte-Dottingen .

climate

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Heitersheim - Station Müllheim (273 m)

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C )	6.2	7.7	12.3	16.8	20.4	25.3	27.6	27.0	22.2	16.2	10.5	8.0	O	16.7
Min. Temperature (° C)	-0.8	-0.7	1.2	3.8	8.0	12.6	13.8	13.3	9.2	5.8	2.5	0.3	O	5.8
Temperature (° C)	2.7	3.3	6.7	10.4	14.2	19.0	21.3	20.0	15.4	10.7	6.5	4.1	O	11.2

Precipitation ( mm )	61	46	40	71	96	105	88	86	49	54	54	42	Σ	792

Rainy days ( d )	17th	14th	14th	14th	16	13	11	12	10	12	13	14th	Σ	160

Source: [2]

history

Celts and Romans

The area was populated by various Celtic tribes . Soon after AD 70, it was conquered by the Romans . It was cultivated under Emperor Vespasian , the Celts living here assimilated, and there were also immigrants from Gaul and Italy. The Romans built settlements and farms on the hills. The remains of a Villa Urbana can be seen east of the Maltese Castle; Such buildings served members of the imperial elite as a residence, and the ruins near Heitersheim are the only known Roman villa Urbana east of the Rhine.

The area on the Upper Rhine was populated by soldiers, officers, civil servants, traders, landlords and veterans . The veterans received a large layoff payment for their services, and quite a few of them bought an estate ( Villa Rustica ) not far from their former garrison. The hills were the preferred choice for the settlement of the area; these offered an overview of the Upper Rhine Valley and were therefore a strategically favorable location. Another aspect was the climate, which was favorable to agriculture and health. The Upper Rhine Valley was then an extensive alluvial forest with countless lakes and ponds with stale water. These were only fed with new water when the Rhine flooded and the water smelled accordingly. They were also full of mosquitos . The summer climate in the Rhine plain was humid. The Romans liked to surround themselves in their occupied territories with the culture they are used to from home. They liked to design their settlements in the provinces like a small Italian country town. Remains of Roman buildings can still be seen in this area today, e.g. B. the said Villa Urbana or the Roman bath ruins in nearby Badenweiler .

Alemanni and Franks

The area around Heitersheim was part of the Roman Agri decumates on the right bank of the Rhine . This area belonged to the province of Upper Germany and was bordered by the Rhine, the Danube and the northeastern Limes , which the Romans had built around 100. In the 3rd century there were increased raids, probably by Alemanni . The Romans finally changed their strategy, gave up direct rule over the Agri decumates (see Limesfall ) and withdrew behind the Rhine from 260 onwards. There they built the Danube-Iller-Rhein-Limes .

The civilian population mixed with Alemannic newcomers, and the Roman material culture was abandoned. Wooden and half-timbered houses replaced the previous wall architecture. The Roman buildings were mostly demolished and used as a quarry. Soon, however, Alemanni built so-called hilltop castles to monitor the area. They built manors and administration based on the Roman model.

Since the middle of the 4th century, the Alemanni made frequent raids from the former tithe country into neighboring Roman Gaul. They were repulsed by Roman armies, provided they were not distracted by civil wars. It was only after 460 that the Alemanni managed to expand from here across the Rhine. They conquered parts of the Roman province of Gaul.

Conflicts with the Franks followed , which expanded south. The Alemanni waged a war with the Franks from 496 to 507. The Franks achieved the decisive victory at Zülpich under their King Clovis I. The Alemannic area came to the Franconian Empire of the Merovingians . The area of the later Markgräflerland and the Breisgau became the property of Franconian nobles.

In 1996 a large cemetery from the 6th to 7th centuries AD was excavated in the new building area "Am Eschbacher Path". It is the earliest evidence of the Heitersheim settlement. In addition to the gifts of weapons and jewelry at numerous burials, a small Roman statue of Cupid made of bronze was found in a grave, which the Alemanni had probably taken from one of the destroyed Roman manors or from the Villa Urbana.

Franconian aristocrats who were concerned about their souls gave gifts to various monasteries around 775 with properties from this area. In the Lorsch Codex , a donation of goods in the Heitersheim area to the Lorsch Monastery is documented in 777 , followed by seven other donations up to 846. The village of Heitersheim developed from the original Dinghof and later passed on to the Murbach Monastery in Alsace . The court also belonged to St. Parish church consecrated to Leodegar . Between 900 and 955 the Hungarians invaded the area, causing devastation and looting. Subsequently, counts appointed by the emperor administered the territories. During this time, powerful noble families came here to large estates. These enlarged, inherited, or lost their territories over time.

Emperor Otto I confiscated the territories of the renegade Count Guntram from Breisgau in 962 and transferred them to the Welf Bishop Konrad from Constance . He used a fiefdom for his goods - Meier , who administered them as Vogt .

Zähringer and the gentlemen from Staufen

In the 11th century, the dukes of Zähringen , who came from northern Swabia , conquered many areas. Among other things, they came into the possession of today's Markgräflerland and the Breisgau. The best known among them was Berthold II of Zähringen, who ruled from 1078 to 1111 . In the years 1075-1122 the investiture controversy took place. The Zähringer stood on the victorious papal side. They were thus able to acquire many monastic and secular possessions from the losers. In 1122 the area of the Zähringer south of Freiburg was administered by the Lords of Staufen (not related to the Hohenstaufers ). Thus, Heitersheim was also administered by the Lords of Staufen and their ministerials , the Lords of Heitersheim. The Lords of Staufen had their own possessions, including the castle near Staufen im Breisgau, and they later received a lot from the Zähringers. After the death of Bertold V in 1218, the male line of the Zähringer died out. Their territories came to the Counts of Freiburg , which descendants of Count Egino (I. V.) of Urach († 1236/37) and his son I. Konrad were.

Johanniter

Marshal Gottfried von Staufen handed over his court and church in Heitersheim to the Johanniter in 1272 . Their coming was in Freiburg . The Order of St. John then acquired the entire Heitersheim area. The order acquired enough property and power to influence regional rulers. The up-and-coming order also acquired extensive powers of attorney from the local Margrave Heinrich von Hachberg in 1276 . The Order of St. John thus had an independent judiciary, its own legal system and its own administration. This made the order in Heitersheim and its territories a kind of state within a state . Around 1297 the order acquired the town of Gündlingen near Breisach and its district. In 1313, the place Bremgarten, a today's district of Hartheim, was added. Then came Grissheim in 1315, which today belongs to the city of Neuenburg am Rhein . Since 1346 Heitersheim has had its own infirmary that he manages. The administration of the Order of St. John in Freiburg was further reduced after 1350. In the following years he was completely relocated to Heitersheim, which was then to come. Around 1371 Schlatt, today's district of Bad Krozingen , was acquired. Another step towards the development of power of the Johanniter took place in 1428. The Grand Priory of the Order of St. John of Germany was moved to Heitersheim. The Grand Prior in Heitersheim was now the administrator of all Johanniter houses, possessions and comers from Northern Italy to Sweden and from Burgundy to Hungary. This made Heitersheim known far beyond its borders. In 1466 the order received the market rights for the place on St. Bartholomäus from the emperor . This allowed the " Chilbi " to be held every year on the Monday after August 24th. Another market right was added in 1481. The Klausmarkt is held every year on the 1st Monday in December. Both markets are still held today. In 1504 the current Freiburg districts of St. Georgen, Uffhausen and Wendlingen were added. From 1500 to 1600, the former Fronhof and Salhof of the Murbach Monastery was expanded into a representative moated castle. See under Maltese Castle.

Maltese and Principality

Flag of the Principality of Heitersheim until 1806

After the Order of St. John in 1524 his possessions Akko , Cyprus and Rhodes had lost, he received from Emperor Charles V , the island of Malta as a fief . From then on the order was called the Order of Malta . In 1527 the new parish church was built. Charles V appointed the Grand Prior Georg Schilling von Cannstatt and his successors in office as imperial prince in 1548 . Georg Schilling von Cannstatt had previously fought successfully against the North African pirate states. The Order of St. John thus united spiritual and secular power. With its ten associated villages, Heitersheim advanced to become an independent principality within the Holy Roman Empire . The municipality of Eschbach was acquired around 1613 . The Franciscan monastery with its church was built in 1616. The Franciscans took over pastoral care on site until 1807.

Grand Duchy of Baden

Old coat of arms

After Napoleon I conquered the areas on the right bank of the Rhine , the ecclesiastical and secular territories were dissolved and swallowed up by the formation of new states. This ended the rule of the Principality of Heitersheim and the rule of the Order of Malta. Heitersheim was incorporated into the newly founded Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 . It received town charter in 1810 and was then able to hold several markets. Heitersheim got a Baden district office , which was moved to Staufen in 1819. The new parish church was built in 1826 by the master builder Arnold, a pupil of Weinbrenner's . The epitaph from the old church was also built in. With the construction of the Karlsruhe - Basel railway connection , Heitersheim got its own railway station in 1847. The Kreditkasse was founded in 1887 in order to be able to finance the craftsmen more easily. In the same year the soap factory was founded, which still exists today. In 1892 a hospital was built in today's Gewann Stühlinger. At the end of the 19th century, handicrafts declined in Heitersheim and were gradually replaced by industrial production.

20th century

First World War

With the beginning of the First World War in 1914, the city of Heitersheim had to let its men go. Essential goods became scarce, these were rationed. Soldiers were stationed in the city and a military airfield was later set up. On June 17, 1917, the church bells were collected to be used as cannons . After the end of the war, the city had 30 casualties . The volunteer fire brigade was founded on December 3, 1919. In 1923 the effects of inflation were very bad. The three new bells, which were delivered on Easter 1923, cost around 7.862 million marks together . With the introduction of the Rentenmark , life improved.

Third Reich and World War II

In 1933 the people of Heitersheim became citizens of the Third Reich , which was renamed the Greater German Reich in 1938 after the " Anschluss of Austria " . In 1935 the city was revoked by the then National Socialist Reich government due to the German municipal code; the mayor Josef Feuerstein was pushed out of office when the mayor's office and the municipal council were brought into line (the occupation with National Socialists ).

The Second World War began for Heitersheim on September 3 and 4, 1939 with the resettlement of women and children from the town of Grissheim on the Rhine . Furthermore, the able-bodied men had to go to war. When France was attacked by the Wehrmacht in 1940 , the situation for Heitersheim worsened again. On June 5, 1940, the Heitersheim station was destroyed by French artillery fire.

In addition to the war, a flood of the Sulzbach on January 21, 1941 caused great damage in Heitersheim. As before in World War I, on February 18, 1942, the church bells were collected for armament purposes.

In 1944, the rest of the Heitersheim population had to go into the "total war effort" ; they had to expand the so-called Westwall in the Rheinwald . On the north and east slopes of the hills near Heitersheim they had to build bunkers as protection against air raids . While the city survived the air raids without major damage, the soap factory and several houses were badly damaged on February 9, 1945. The Second World War and the Greater German Reich ended for Heitersheim on April 22, 1945 with the invasion of French troops. The city was handed over to the French soldiers by the mayor without a fight. The city had 78 dead and 34 missing .

Post-war to the present

On December 1, 1945, Heitersheim became part of the newly founded state of Baden , later the state of Baden . After the reconstruction and currency reform in 1948, the Heitersheimers became citizens of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949 .

In 1952, the then President of Baden, Leo Wohleb, restored town charter.

In 1983 a devastating storm caused millions in damages in the Sulzbachtal. As a result, the city expanded its flood protection.

In 1985 the community celebrated the 175th anniversary of the city. On this occasion, Heitersheim introduced the new city coat of arms as a testimony to its outstanding past with an eight-pointed white Maltese cross on a red background.

In 1989 Heitersheim had about 4700 inhabitants.

religion

In Heitersheim, about 70% of the population profess the Roman Catholic Church and about 25% the Protestant Church . The Protestant community has had its own church since 1951. It was looked after by the parish office in Sulzburg until 1968 , the new parish center of the evangelical community was inaugurated in 1974.

politics

Heitersheim town hall

Municipal council

The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result with a turnout of 62.6% (2014: 55.8%):

Party / list	CDU		SPD		GREEN		FW		ZfH ^*		BLHG ^**
Share of votes / seats	23.7%	5 seats	26.7%	5 seats	16.8%	3 seats	21.4%	4 seats	11.4%	2 seats	-	-
Difference to 2014	- 5.5	- 1	- 5.7	- 1	+ 16.8	+ 3	- 3.2	- 1	+ 11.4	+ 2	- 13.8	- 3

^* Together for Heitersheim ^** Citizens list Heitersheim / Gallenweiler

Flag of Heitersheim

coat of arms

The blazon of the Heitersheim coat of arms reads: "In red an eight-pointed silver Johanniterkreuz."

Town twinning

The Austrian municipality of Vandans has been a partner municipality of Heitersheim since 1991.

Administration union

Heitersheim is a member of the cross- border local association Mittelhardt-Oberrhein , which promotes cross-border communal cooperation between communities in Alsace and Baden on the basis of the Karlsruhe Convention .

Culture and sights

Villa Urbana

Museum with the remains of the Roman villa

The Roman Museum with the excavations of a villa urbana . This villa was built in the 1st century by a large Roman landowner on the road to Sulzburg (Roman silver and lead mining) and existed until around 260. The built-up part of Villa Urbana was 1500 m², the entire area with the vineyards and fields was 55,000 m² in size and walled. It was divided into a stately living area, the pars urbana , and an agricultural part, the pars rustica . In the living area in the atrium there was an approximately 18 meter long water basin based on the Mediterranean model. The villa was supplied with running water and had a hypocaust . This representative building was originally surrounded by a Roman fruit, vegetable and pleasure garden. The greater part of the garden was east of the villa in the direction of the Black Forest. This garden had already offered an impressive view in ancient times. The agricultural part faced the Rhine valley. The museum provides a glimpse into the basement of Villa Urbana. You can see the stairs and the typical niches for vases and statues. These vases were used for decoration and also for storing food. Furthermore, the water basin including the fountain figure has been reconstructed. In doing so, they kept to ancient finds. The fountain figure shows a winged boy sitting on a dolphin. This is a representation of the god of love Cupid , Greek Eros, which was common in ancient Rome . The floor plan of the villa, which extends to the grounds of today's Maltese Castle, has been made recognizable for the visitor. Many showcases and display boards provide information about life in ancient Rome. The museum is located at the eastern end of the village next to the Maltese Castle and is currently (as of August 2018) accessible free of charge.

Maltese Castle

Floor plan of the Maltese Castle and the Villa Urbana

Moated castle of the Order of Malta and the Principality of Heitersheim, after an engraving by Merian around 1644.

Maltese Castle (park view)

Maltese Castle (street view)

Dreieckland Museum opened in 2010

The castle area with today's forecourt was enlarged from 1512 to 1542 by the reigning Grand Prior Johann von Hattstein . He also founded a new parish church. The Franciscan monastery and today's rectory were donated from 1612 to 1616 by the ruling Grand Prior and Prince Johann Friedrich Hund von Saulheim .

After an engraving by Merian from 1644, the small Fronhof and Salhof has become a huge moated castle. Prince Friedrich , Landgrave of Hesse, had the summer residence built in Weinstetten between Bremgarten and Grissheim from 1647 to 1682. From 1721 to 1727 Prince Goswin Hermann Otto von Merveldt had the Maltese bath built. Under Prince Philipp Wilhelm von Nesselrode and Reichenstein , the chancellery building, the manor mill and the chancellor's residence were built from 1728 to 1752. In 1803 the Franciscan monastery was closed. The Principality Heitersheim was after the conquest by Napoléon I. dissolved. In 1806, Heitersheim was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Baden , newly created by Napoleon Bonaparte , so the rule of the Order of Malta ended in the castle of Heitersheim.

The castle was inhabited by the last Prince, Ignaz Balthasar Rinck von Baldenstein, until his death in 1807. Grand-ducal officials then moved in, who were later replaced by pensioners and civil servants' widows.

In 1826 massive renovation work was carried out on the castle, which fundamentally changed the appearance of this building. The north wing as the oldest part of the castle was demolished. The south wing with the prince's chamber, the house chapel and the round tower were also demolished. The remaining castle buildings were sold to different owners in 1845.

The Order of the Sisters of St. In 1897, Vinzenz von Paul purchased part of the building for the Freiburg motherhouse. Between 1908 and 1910 the previous granary was converted into a sister house. In the area of the former north wing, the Church of St. Bartholomew was rebuilt. A workshop for the disabled, maintained by the Freiburg-Stadt Caritas Association, moved into a part of the castle in 1967.

From 1971 the Maltese Castle School used other parts of the castle complex. The Malteserschlossschule is a special school for mentally handicapped children and adolescents, it is supported by the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district . The special school kindergarten was inaugurated in 1977.

In 2013 the order decided to give up the castle by 2023 at the latest. A group with a Chinese partner around the former publisher Christian Hodeige performed in spring 2019 and plans to buy it to set up an international private school. A citizens' initiative was against it. The municipal council voted against the sale in October 2019. In a referendum in February 2020, a majority voted against this municipal council resolution and in favor of the private school.

Johanniter and Maltese Museum

The Johanniter and Maltese Museum is housed in the cellar of the former office building. It offers comprehensive information about the Maltese Castle, the Order of St. John and the Order of Malta. In the upper part there are display boards that explain the structure and organization of the Order of Malta. Life-size armor can also be seen. Rare items from a library with more than 600 volumes are on display in a showcase. The life-size dolls are dressed in the robes of various dignitaries of the order. The gallery of the Heitersheim princes can be seen in the lower part of the museum. The Heitersheim Castle as a model and some copies of documents and old plans are also here.

Dreieckland Museum

In 2010 the entrepreneur Johannes Heiss from Heitersheim opened the private Dreieckland Museum, which deals with the history of controversy between Germany, France and Switzerland over the past centuries, especially in the nearer border region, under the motto: "From confrontation to cooperation" from an educational point of view.

Economy and Infrastructure

Inprotec AG, a chemical company in Heitersheim

Electric street lighting was introduced in 1903 and the first water pipes in 1910. The residents are predominantly employed in agriculture ( agriculture , livestock farming , special crops such as viticulture ), trade , industry and tourism . The viticulture, which has been documented since the 8th century, is outstanding, with a variety of quality varieties that have achieved particular importance, including the "Maltesergarten" site.

Since 2004, Heitersheim has been one of the few municipalities in Germany that is completely debt-free. Since 2005, annual budget surpluses in the seven-digit range have been generated.

The old hospital was converted in 1985 together with the Caritas Association into a home for the elderly and the disabled, the current Haus Ulrika and inaugurated in 1987.

Mining

In 1960–1962, potash shaft 2 of the Buggingen potash salt mine was built on the western boundary of the municipality on the other side of federal highway 3 and the Rhine Valley Railway. In 1964, shaft 3 began its regular production. In 1971 there was a mining accident there with 3 dead and 20 seriously injured. In 1973 potash mining was stopped.

1974 to 1977 the citizens' initiative for environmental protection prevented the establishment of a fuel element factory here after secret negotiations between Mayor Adolf Späth and the Brown Boveri Reaktor (BBC) company became public.

education

The city is the location of a primary school, a special school ( Malteserschlossschule ), a secondary school and a secondary school ( Johanniterrealschule ).

traffic

railway station

Heitersheim is located near the federal motorway 5 and can be reached via the motorway exit 64b ( Hartheim- Heitersheim-Eschbach) through the Breisgau industrial park.

The station on the Rheintalbahn Karlsruhe - Basel is west of the city. There are bus connections to the region with the Südbadenbus Gesellschaft (SBG) .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

Adolf Späth (1918–2010), Mayor (CDU) from 1958 to 1979
Diethard Zirlewagen, entrepreneur, (CDU), long-time fire brigade commander, city councilor and deputy mayor
Manfred Schlegel, honorary director of the Villa urbana Museum until October 2014
Siegfried Kunz, Major ret. D., Chairman of the Gallenweiler Citizens' Association and member of the Tukolere Wamu eV association
Jürgen Ehret, politician (CDU) and mayor from 1979 to 2011

sons and daughters of the town

Lothar Zotz (1899–1967), prehistoric
Wilhelm Späth (* 1948), diplomat
Karlheinz Hauser (* 1967), cook
Lukas Meister (* 1986), musician

Personalities who have worked in the city

Georg Schilling von Cannstatt (around 1490–1554), German Knight of Malta, military leader and first prince of Heitersheim
Georg Bombastus von Hohenheim (1500–1566), from 1554 to 1566 Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and second Prince of Heitersheim.
Philipp Riedesel zu Camberg († 1598), from 1594 to 1598 Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince of Heitersheim.
Bernhard IV of Angelach-Angelach (1532–1599), Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince of Heitersheim.
Johann Friedrich Hund von Saulheim (1560–1635) was a German knight, Catholic priest and from 1612 until his death Prince von Heitersheim and Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta.
Hartmann von der Tann (1566–1647) was Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince von Heitersheim from 1635 to 1647.
Friedrich von Hessen-Darmstadt (1616–1682), cardinal, Prince of Heitersheim and Prince-Bishop of Breslau.
Gottfried Droste zu Vischering (Grand Prior) (after 1614–1683), from 1682 to 1683 Grand Prior of Germany of the Order of St. John and Prince of Heitersheim.
Goswin Hermann Otto von Merveldt (1661–1727), from 1721 to 1727 Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince von Heitersheim.
Philipp Wilhelm von Nesselrode and Reichenstein (1678–1754), from 1728 to 1754 Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince of Heitersheim.
Johann Baptist von Schauenburg (1701–1775), from 1755 to 1775 Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince of Heitersheim.
Franz Christoph Sebastian von Remchingen (1689–1777), from 1775 to 1777 Grand Prior of the German tongue of the Order of Malta and Prince of Heitersheim.
Josef Benedikt von Reinach-Foussemagne (1710–1796 in Wels), from 1777 to 1796 Grand Prior of the German language of the Order of Malta and Prince of Heitersheim.
Ignaz Balthasar Rinck von Baldenstein (1721–1807) (also Ringg von Baldenstein), last Grand Prior of the German Grand Priory of the Maltese and Prince of Heitersheim.
Joseph Albrecht von Ittner (1754–1825), writer, lawyer and diplomat, 1786–1806 last Chancellor of the Grand Priory of Germany of the Order of Malta and the rule of Heitersheim.

literature

Markus Donner: Heitersheim - A foray through past and present . Schönbergverlag GmbH, Freiburg 1985
Karl Kraus-Mannetstätter: Heitersheim - The Maltese city . Self-published by the author, Heitersheim 1952
Ingeborg Hecht and Karl Kraus-Mannetstätter: Heitersheim - From the history of the Maltese city . Walter Verlag, Heitersheim 1972
Wolf-Dieter Barz (Hrsg.): The Heitersheim rule of rule of the Order of St. John, Order of Malta from 1620. With an introduction to the history of Heitersheim by Anneliese Müller. Lit, Münster 1999, ISBN 3-8258-4500-1
Wolf-Dieter Barz (Ed.): Heitersheim 1806. 200 years of taking over Baden in the Johanniter- / Maltese principality of Lit, Münster 2006, ISBN 978-3-8258-0193-9
Franz Xaver Kraus , edited by Max Wingenroth from his estate: The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Tübingen and Leipzig 1904, sixth volume, first division - Freiburg district (Land); Pp. 419-424 online
Hans Fünfgeld: The history of the city of Heitersheim from the beginnings to secularization. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 2/1964, pp. 129–136 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
Winfried Zwernemann. The Merovingian cemetery in Heitersheim "Am Eschbacher path", reports in the local files of the State Office for Monument Preservation, Freiburg im Breisgau office.
Johannes Helm: Heitersheim. In: Churches and chapels in Markgräflerland , Müllheim / Baden 1989, ISBN 3-921709-16-4 , pp. 125-133.

Individual evidence

↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).

↑ Portrait of Mayor Christoph Zachow on heitersheim.de, accessed on March 21, 2020.

↑ Main statutes of the city of Heitersheim from June 12, 2001 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2
^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: District Freiburg Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 . Pp. 94-96
^ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 4), Certificate 2688, May 14th (?) 777 - Reg. 1335. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 205 , accessed on April 22, 2018 .
↑ List of places for the Lorsch Codex, Heitersheim , Archivum Laureshamense - digital, Heidelberg University Library.
↑ badische-zeitung.de, Lokales, Heitersheim, May 12, 2011, mod: "There was no open rebellion" (May 15, 2011)
^ Heitersheim, results of the 2019 municipal council election , accessed on June 26, 2019
↑ http://www.gemeinde-eschbach.de/wirtschaftsstandort/glct_goez.php
↑ Alexander Huber & Sophia Hesser: What the referendum on Sunday in Heitersheim is about. Badische Zeitung, January 30, 2020, accessed on February 5, 2020 .
↑ Alexander Huber, Bernhard Amelung & Sophia Hesser: Heitersheimers say yes to the private school in the Maltese Castle. Badische Zeitung, February 2, 2020, accessed on February 5, 2020 .
↑ Sabine Model: Dreieckland Museum opens its doors. Badische Zeitung, October 2, 2010, accessed on February 5, 2020 .
↑ Dreieckland Museum. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 26, 2014 ; Retrieved April 25, 2014 .
↑ http://img.der-sonntag.de/dso-epaper/pdf/DS_mue_15.05.2011.pdf newspaper Der Sonntag im Markgräflerland , May 15, 2011, p. 2, From the region , Hans-Christoph Wagner: Markgräfler Wutbürger (May 15, 2011)

Web links

Commons : Heitersheim - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Heitersheim - travel guide

Wikisource: Maltese Principality of Heitersheim - Sources and full texts

Official website of the city of Heitersheim
Heitersheim: Pictures + local history
Heitersheim on a private website
Maltese Castle in Heitersheim
Museum in the Maltese Castle in Heitersheim

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_DE-BW-1] State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).

[2] Portrait of Mayor Christoph Zachow on heitersheim.de, accessed on March 21, 2020.