Celerina / Schlarigna

Celerina / Schlarigna

State :	Switzerland Switzerland
Canton :	canton of Grisons Graubünden (GR)
Region :	Maloja
BFS no. :	3782i1 f3 f4
Postal code :	7505
Coordinates :	785 806 / 154055 coordinates: 46 ° 30 '43 " N , 9 ° 51' 36" O ; CH1903: 785,806 / 15405546.512 9.86 1714
Height :	1714 m above sea level M.
Height range :	1709–3158 m above sea level M.
Area :	24.02 km²
Residents:	1502 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	63 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.gemeinde-celerina.ch
Celerina / Schlarigna
Location of the municipality
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Celerina / Schlarigna ( German / Italian Celerina, Rhaeto-Romanic Schlarigna ^?^/^I ) is a political municipality in the Maloja region of the Swiss canton of Graubünden . Until 1943 the community was officially called Celerina . After that she called herself Schlarigna / Celerina for seven years ; since 1950 it has been called Celerina / Schlarigna .

geography

Historical aerial photo from 200 m by Walter Mittelholzer from 1919

Celerina is located in the Upper Engadine . The neighboring villages are St. Moritz in the southwest, Samedan in the northeast and Pontresina in the southeast. Since the valley near Celerina is open towards three directions, Celerina has more hours of sunshine than the surrounding villages. Celerina became famous above all for its bobsleigh run and its proximity to fashionable St. Moritz. The Las Trais Fluors plateau is located on the territory of Celerina .

history

A lance tip from the Iron Age was found in 1895. The remains of a Chastlatsch castle have been discovered a little east of Punt Muragl. A first document from 1320 deals with the flooding of the Flaz brook. The Romanesque bell tower of the church of S. Maria in Crasta was built in the 14th century. In 1478, the former parish church of San Gian with a single nave, a painted wooden ceiling and significant frescoes was built over a chapel in the Inner Plain from the year 1000 . In 1577, Celerina was the last Upper Engadine municipality to introduce the Reformation. 43 houses were destroyed in a village fire in 1631. In 1669 the large Bel Taimpel (German: Beautiful Temple) was built in the baroque style. A village fire destroyed 43 houses in 1631. In 1682 the large church tower of San Gian was struck by lightning, the pointed helmet burned out and was never rebuilt. A Trinity Church from the year 1000 stood by the Inn Bridge until around 1800.

The boom in tourism began in 1860 and the first hotels were built. In 1903, the destination station of the St. Moritz bobsleigh and skeleton track was built on the ground in Celerina and opened on January 1, 1904. From 1891 to 1968 the highest brewery in Europe was in Celerina. In the 20th century the Flaz and Schlattain brooks were dammed to prevent recurring damage. The Catholic S. Antonius Church was only built in 1939. Since 1958, a cable car to Saluver has opened up a ski region. Since then, numerous holiday residences have been built; As a result, Italian- and German-speaking immigrants have increased and Romansh natives have decreased.

population

Population development
year	1850	1900	1950	1980	1990	2000	2005	2010	2012	2014	2016
Residents	245	341	713	890	975	1353	1332	1533	1509	1504	1499

languages

Until the beginning of tourism, the entire population spoke Puter , a Rhaeto-Romanic dialect. While in 1860 96% and in 1880 still 76.9% stated Romansh as their mother tongue, this value fell to 68% in 1900 and 50% in 1941. The decline continued even after the Second World War. Nevertheless, in 1990 41% and in 2000 35% of the residents were able to communicate in Romansh. However, the only official language is German. The following table shows the development over the past decades:

Languages in Celerina / Schlarigna GR
languages	1980 census		1990 census		2000 census
languages	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
German	390	43.82%	535	54.87%	789	58.31%
Romansh	273	30.67%	198	20.31%	173	12.79%
Italian	178	20.00%	176	18.05%	261	19.29%
Residents	890	100%	975	100%	1353	100%

Today there are more Italian speakers than Romansh speakers. This is due to the immigration of wealthy Italians.

Religions and denominations

In 1577, Celerina was the last municipality in the region to introduce the Reformation. Due to tourism and the immigration that followed, the Catholic denomination has increased again.

Origin and nationality

At the end of 2005, 950 (= 71%) of the 1332 residents were Swiss citizens.

Attractions

Churches

San Gian
Bel Taimpel
Reformed Church Crasta
Roman Catholic Parish Church

Houses

Chesa Frizzoni
Chesa Lorsa
Hotel Cresta Palace
Las Lavinatschas residential building

Technical equipment

The destination station of the St. Moritz bobsleigh and skeleton track was built in Cresta in 1903
Since 1958 a gondola lift - originally a system based on the Bell / Wallmannsberger system - has been running from Celerina to Alp Marguns.
MZA Celerina , built in 1973

Personalities

Jan Peider Danz (* around 1575 - 1620), 1600–1601 Reformed pastor in Celerina
Antonio Frizzoni (* 1754 in Celerina, † 1835 in Bergamo ), son of Antonio, merchant, benefactor
Thomas Frizzoni (* 1760 in Celerina, † 1845 in Bergamo), painter and mechanic
Zaccaria Pallioppi (1820–1873), lawyer and linguist
Giovannes Mathis (1824–1912), Romansh writer
Reto R. Bezzola (1898–1983), Romance philologist and editor of a standard dictionary
Vitale Ganzoni (* 1915 in Promontogno ) (town of Celerina / Schlarigna), painter, wood sculptor
Giuliano Pedretti (1924–2012), draftsman, sgraffito artist and sculptor
Erica Pedretti (* 1930), writer, object artist and painter
Rem Koolhaas (* 1944), architect, owes the discovery of the country and its changes to his stays in Celerina
Nico Baracchi (1957–2015), skeleton and bobsleigh pilot
Barbara Hosch (* 1980), skeleton pilot

and display information about the image

Panoramic picture, seen from the direction of Samedan

literature

Ottavio Clavuot: Celerina / Schlarigna. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2005 .
Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton of Graubünden. Volume III: The valleys of Räzünser Boden, Domleschg, Heinzenberg, Oberhalbstein, Upper and Lower Engadine (= Swiss art monuments. Volume 11). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1940. DNB 760079625 .
Ludmila Seifert-Uherkovich: Celerina / Schlarigna (= Swiss Art Guide, No. 894, Series 90). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2011, ISBN 978-3-03797-024-9 .