Cinderella (philately)
The English philately term Cinderellas can be roughly understood as all unofficial issues of postage stamps , including exhibition (promotional) stamps, counterfeit stamps , (Christmas) donation stamps (English charity labels, not to be confused with surcharge stamps such as welfare or Charity stamps ), railway stamps , telegraph stamps etc. Ä. are to be counted. The Nichtamtlichkeit here refers to all types of stamps, which the international UPU , based in Switzerland, Bern rather than postage stamps for franking a postal item to be recognized.
The following is a general overview of philatelic Cinderella stamps that are present on the global philatelic market.
Categories
Semi-official expenses
Semi-official issues are those that have a locally valid official character and are therefore approved for a strictly defined postal service for franking mail.
Probably the best-known example of this is the postage stamps from the island of Lundy in the Bristol Channel in south-west Great Britain . An official special permit allows the operators of postal traffic to and from the sparsely populated island (often fewer than twenty permanent residents in winter) to post their own Lundy postage stamps for postal traffic between Lundy and the nearest official post office in Great Britain, namely the one in the small town Bideford is located on the north Devon coast. Lundy postage stamps may officially only be affixed in the upper left corner of (picture) cards or on the back of letters and canceled using the postmark of the local (private) postal service . For the subsequent (inter) national mail delivery from Bideford, official postage stamps of the British postal administration must also be attached.
Further examples:
- Alderney Shipping Company
- Commodore Shipping Company
- Sark
- Herm Island
- Kaulbach Island in Mahone Bay, Canada
- Sovereign Order of Malta
Local or private mail editions
The difference to the semi-official expenses mainly consists in the fact that there is no official permit (and no such is required) that specifically regulates the mail traffic to the nearest official post office of a postal administration recognized by the International Universal Postal Union. Such local or private postal services (English: local post , local postal service , locals , private post , private postal service ) mostly arise from the idealism ("fun") of private individuals or associations who send their private outgoing mail with their own created postage stamps or set up a private postal service for a locally limited area over a certain period of time, e.g. at Christmas time .
There are numerous examples of this category, such as the Gardenia local post office, which operated such a local private postal service from 1988 to 1998 in Pfarrkirchen near Bad Hall in Upper Austria . Such private postal services are particularly popular in Great Britain, the United States of America (well over 500 such private postal services) or in Australia and New Zealand .
Examples include: Brecqhou Island , British Columbia Private Courier Service, Clacton Cycle Mail, Erith School Post, Jethou Island , Lord Howe Courier Post, Rona Island , Timaru Bicycle Post and many more.
This group also includes postage stamps from micronations , i.e. principalities, kingdoms, empires and the like that are not or have not been recognized internationally and have de facto declared themselves independent, mostly with regard to their private (property) property, as well as private ones Maintained or entertained postal service to the nearest official post office.
One of the oldest known editions dates back to 1889, when the editions of the dubious Kingdom of Sedang were sold to dealers in Belgium and France. A more recent example is the self-proclaimed Principality of Hutt River in western Australia, where a farmer and large landowner and his family broke away from the Australian state, proclaimed their property an independent principality and, among other things, issued their own Hutt River Province stamps began and for this also established a private postal service to the nearest Australian post office in Northampton , Western Australia .
Other well-known examples are the Kugelmugel republic and the principalities of Sealand and Seborga . The "Empire of Atlantium" also maintains an "Imperial Collection" of postage stamps from micronations on the web (see web links ).
- Differentiation from postal companies
The cited kind of private postal service must be clearly distinguished from commercial exerted postal companies , in public life as economic entrepreneurs are appear, officially registered as a business enterprise, workers have reported, taxes paid and their company generally sustained with commercial profit intentional conduct.
Souvenir issues
Souvenir editions are essentially a subgroup of local or private mail editions, the appearance of which often has a tourist background, for example for a city or a nature reserve or the like. to advertise with the establishment of a local or private postal service and thus with the appearance of special (advertising) postage stamps.
An example of this would be the local post office Frodsham and Halton in the two English towns of Frodsham and Halton , southeast of Liverpool , where local politicians at the time had taken on the matter in order to jointly advertise their communities through a private postal service.
Other examples include the Conch Republic , Kangaroo Island and the Free State of Socorro .
Under the category of souvenir expenses, however, those stamps should also be included that are / were mostly issued by private individuals or associations in order to financially support an often non-profit project from the sale of such stamps .
For this, the stamps were Saint Kilda islands include, a remote group of islands in the northwest of Scotland , which, as nature reserve, a UNESCO - World Heritage represent. The uninhabited archipelago has been administered by the National Trust for Scotland since 1957 , which also issued postage stamps from this archipelago in order to financially support its nature conservation project.
A few examples from the multitude of such projects: the Caerdroia Project (a research project on Welsh lawn mazes ), the Dahlak Archipelago and the islands of Caldey , Canna , Lihou and Steep Holm (in the Bristol Channel ).
Mail Art Issues
Another group of Cinderella postage stamps are the so-called Mail Art issues ( Artistamp ), consequently postage stamps from correspondence artists , which represent art by post and thus the most sublime form of correspondence. The mail art artists are not necessarily concerned with a form of postal service of any kind, but rather with the dissemination of their own individually created form of mail art art, and in particular also through subjectively designed postage stamps. The establishment of (imaginary) republics, principalities, kingdoms or similar, such as in the case of the Kingdom of Aldabra , is not based on politically supported ideologies, but solely on the purely personal ideas and thoughts of their artistic creator.
Further examples (selection): Alki Postage, Khanat Bokhara , Kingdom of Edelweiss (formerly dummy editions ), High Kingdom Fantippo, Republic of Free Vinland, Republic of Kemp Land (formerly dummy editions ), Republic of Liegerland, Loowit, Republic of Mevu (formerly dummy editions ), Montebello Islands ( formerly sham editions ), Federation Musograd, Principality of Ohain, Republic of Port Maria (formerly phantom editions), Republic of Raoul (see also chapter Delimitation between individual categories ), Kingdom (All the) Sedang, Terra Candella, Archipelago Tui Tui, Sultanate Upper Yafa, Duchy Zujuteland and many more.
Bill issues
As apparent expenditure (ger .: bogus ) refers stamps of places, cities, regions, islands, countries u. E., Which from a geographical point of view actually exist somewhere real , but where at no time a private postal service has ever taken place. It does not matter whether the area or the island for which the stamps were issued is / was inhabited by people or not.
Perhaps the best-known example of this would be the Scottish island of Eynhallow , for which huge numbers of postage stamps have been spotted on the philatelic market since the 1970s, without anything like a private postal service having taken place on this uninhabited island at any time.
A few examples from the multitude of such places and islands: Moroculia , the island of Abd al-Kuri (near Socotra), the Bernera Islands , the islands of Eigg , Gruinard , Mactan , Skomer , Soay , Staffa , Tiree and the like. v. m.
Postage stamps from self-appointed principalities and kingdoms as well as empires are also to be assigned to the category of bill issues. If the "sovereign territory" proclaimed for this actually exists somewhere on earth (so-called micronations ), but at no time has an operational private postal service taken place.
For example, the philatelically imaginary Irish Principality of Thomond could be cited as an example, for which a series of twelve postage stamps was issued in 1961, but without a necessary cause or interest for this due to an actual private postal service.
The "Sultanate of Occussi-Ambeno " maintains a website, where brands of its "provinces" Feripæga and Quatair are shown. The undersea “Principality of Wikingland” is named as the domain of a German “prince”.
Phantom outputs
Postage stamps from areas of any kind that do not exist anywhere geographically, and therefore represent pure fantasy products of their inventors, are referred to as phantom issues . An example of this would be the Kingdom buddhistan , a "state" of those stamps according to data of the editor somewhere in the vastness of the universe is.
Further examples (selection): Kingdom of Adaluncatiff , Republic of Ahu'a , Bannatyr , Principality of Castellania , Island of Chitawa , Republic of Chyan , Kingdom of Dromidau , Principality of Erehwon , Republic of Goffrea , Kingdom of Grand Baetica , Island of Hispanico , Kingdom of Ilis Day , Island of Ilyria , Kingdom of Intersol , Invelden , Karang Island , Sultanate Khayyam , Republic of Laurania , Litholand , Principality of Lomand , Island Lucid , Mandoro , Mars Postage , Island Minland , Island Monku , Moon Postage , Island Nei , Sheikdom Nohi Pibni , Republic Normia , Popalania , Federation Romanches , Sai -Land , Serran Island , Solar System Rocket Service , Kaiserreich Sonne , Taiper , Free City Toravo , Republic of Tyr , Venus Postage , Republic of Witti and many more
Expenditures from governments in exile etc. Ä.
Under expenditure by governments in exile and the like. Ä. All those postage stamps that have been declared by internationally recognized as well as self-declared, consequently internationally not recognized governments in exile etc. Ä. are / were commissioned.
The stamps of the Croatian government-in-exile are particularly well-known for this , which at the time last had its seat in the Spanish capital Madrid and from there (politically) operated against the then regular government of Yugoslavia .
Further examples (selection): Government-in-exile of Albania , Government-in-exile of Bulgaria , Government-in-exile of Iran , Republic of Maluku Selatan (also bogus editions; see also chapter Delimitation between individual categories ), Government-in-exile of Nagaland , State of Oman under Imam Ghalib bin Ali (later bogus editions) , Government-in-exile of Romania , Exile-Liberation Council of Slovakia , Government-in-exile of Tibet , National Council in Exile of Ukraine and others
Resistance or propaganda issues
Issues of resistance groups (English: propaganda label ) are consistently connected with politically oriented territorial struggles against internationally mostly recognized government units, whereby a limited private postal service by those resistance groups in the territorially disputed area could very well have taken place, but like these stamps only for mere propaganda purposes may have served without actually operating a postal service.
Examples of this were the postage stamps of the Polish workers and trade union party Solidarność or those of the Shan and Karenni ethnic groups in today's Myanmar , who have been fighting for political independence from what was once Burma for many years - also with military means .
Further examples (selection): Al-Fatah issues, American-Lithuanian philatelic association issues, anti-Bolshevik block of nations issues, Baltic Society issues, Dhufar (later sham issues ) , Kernow , Komitee German East issues, La Rosa Blanca issues, Organization Papua Merdeka issues, Permesta issues, Polisario ( Western Sahara ) issues (also sham issues ), Sinn Féin issues, UNITA issues, etc.
Differentiation between individual categories
A specific delimitation between the individual categories is often not always easy and clear. The best way to explain this is to use a few examples below.
Postage stamps of the Sovereign Order of Malta
The Sovereign Order of Malta ( Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta , short: SMOM ), a subject under international law without a national territory since 1798 , which has some possessions in the heart of Rome to which the extraterritorial status of an embassy has been granted, has been issuing postage stamps since November 15, 1966. The only publicly accessible post office of the Knights Order is not far from the famous Via Condotti shopping mile near the Spanish Steps .
The Postal Administration of the Order of Malta has already concluded bilateral agreements on postal traffic with more than fifty (as of 2006) recognized postal administrations of the Universal Postal Union with their headquarters in Rome, including with Austria (since December 1, 1989). This means that stamps have the Sovereign Order of Malta for shipments from the headquarters of the Order of Malta in those States Parties full Frankaturgültigkeit and with those stamps franked mail to the intended recipients without extra postage will be delivered -Zuschlag by post. From Austria's point of view, the stamps of the Sovereign Order of Malta - including the stamps issued before the agreement came into force - are therefore to be classified as official postage stamps on the basis of the bilateral agreement mentioned.
However, mail to Germany would not be accepted at the Post Office of the Order of Knights, as there is no bilateral postal agreement between the Postal Administration of the Sovereign Order of Malta and the German Postal Administration (status: 2006) and thus the Order of Knight's stamps are not valid for postage on German territory.
Postage stamps Republic of Raoul
In principle, the stamps of the Republic of Raoul can be clearly assigned to the Mail-Art issues. In ignorance of the background to the appearance of those postage stamps one could also assume that these postage stamps are mere bogus issues, since with reference to any kind of artistic freedom the island group of the Kermadecs north of New Zealand with its main island Raoul as an independent “national territory “That republic is proclaimed.
Postage stamps of the Republic of Maluku Selatan
From 1950 onwards, various postage stamps appeared under the name of the Republic of Maluku Selatan , the Republic of the South Moluccas secession from Indonesia on April 25, 1950, but which were never used locally. In fact, some of those postage stamps were printed and issued on behalf of a government-in-exile in the Netherlands, which is why those postage stamps can initially be assigned to the category “Government-in-exile”.
It was only later, around 1955, that stamps of a republic of Maluku Selatan appeared, which were verifiably commissioned by the Henry Stolow company , a stamp house in Munich and New York . Consequently, those “Stolow” -works are only to be assessed as mere sham issues.
Expenditures from governments in exile or resistance groups
A clear distinction between expenditure by governments-in-exile and those of resistance groups or propaganda expenditure is also not always clear. Issues by governments in exile can very well serve purely propaganda purposes, just as resistance groups can formally proclaim a kind of government in exile abroad in order to give additional emphasis to the (political) goal of their demands.
solution
If a Cinderella postage stamp is generally to be assigned to several categories, the one that mostly applies or was last valid (in the above example, from the (official) point of view of Austria today would be an assignment of the stamps of the Sovereign Order of Malta to the category of local or . Private mail issues no longer up to date as appropriate). However, if even then a specific assignment still causes difficulties, the majority of the opinions of all respondents can essentially be used as the basis for assignment to a category.
See also
Web links
- List of philatelic Cinderella stamps ( Memento of December 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- Cinderella Stamp Club
- Local Post Collectors Society
- Page with many web links in the stampswiki
- Imperial stamp collection from Atlantium
- Donation stamps from the DGzRS catalog
Remarks
- ↑ Brecqhou
- ↑ Jethou
- ↑ Lord Howe Courier Post ( Memento of November 4, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Rona ( Memento of October 30, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Timaru Bicycle Post ( Memento from October 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Ullrich Häger: Large Lexicon of Philately . Bertelsmann, Gütersloh, 1973, ISBN 3-570-03229-9 , p. 477.
- ^ Hutt River postage stamps
- ↑ a b Empire of Atlantium in the English Wikipedia
- ↑ Atlantium
- ↑ Kangaroo
- ↑ Caerdroia Project Mail ( Memento of 6 October 2007 at the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Bokhara ( Memento from December 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Fantippo ( Memento from January 31, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Kemp Land ( Memento from December 17, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lie Erland ( Memento of 3 October 2002 at the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Loowit
- ↑ Mevu
- ↑ Musograd
- ↑ Port Maria ( Memento of March 9, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ (All the) Sedang ( Memento from April 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Terra Candella
- ↑ Upper Yafa ( Memento from August 4, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Occussi-Ambeno
- ↑ Wikingland
- ^ Oman Philately Network
- ↑ Solidarność stamps ( Memento of August 7, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The American-Lithuanian Philatelic Association ( Memento from September 1, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Dhufar brands
- ^ Postage stamps of the government-in-exile of Maluku Selatan ( Memento from March 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
