DR series E 04

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DR series E 04
DB series 104, DR series 204
DR series E 04
DR series E 04
Numbering: DR E 04 01-23
DB 104 017-022
DR 204 001-016; 023
Number: 23
Manufacturer: AEG
Year of construction (s): 1932-1935
Retirement: 1982
Axis formula : 1'Co1 '
Length over buffers: 15 120 mm
Service mass: 92.0 t
Wheel set mass : 18.4 t
Top speed: 110 km / h
130 km / h (from E 04 09)
Hourly output : 3 × 730 kW = 2190 kW
Continuous output : 2010 kW
Starting tractive effort: 177 kN
152 kN (from E 04 09)
Performance indicator: 23 8 kW / t
Driving wheel diameter: 1600 mm
Impeller diameter front: 1000 mm
Rear wheel diameter: 1000 mm
Power system : 15 kV, 16 2/3 Hz ~
Number of traction motors: 3
Brake: one-way air brake
Kbr mZ
(K-GP mZ)
one-sided braking of the drive and running wheels
Train control : Sifa

The E 04 series (later DB series 104 (from 1968) or DR series 204 (from 1970)) was an electric locomotive developed for use in express train traffic and used by the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft from 1933 . Originally developed for use in Central Germany , it was used by both the Deutsche Bundesbahn and the Deutsche Reichsbahn after the Second World War . The last locomotives of this series were taken out of scheduled service by 1982.

Pre-war period

The high performance of the express train locomotive of the DR class E 17 , which has been procured since 1929, could not be fully exploited in the central German electrified route network due to the low-gradient routes, which are not very demanding in terms of traction. The Reichsbahn also needed more powerful locomotives in southern Germany for the newly electrified line from Munich to Stuttgart with its high-performance route over the Geislinger Steige . In 1931, the Reichsbahn commissioned AEG to develop a new locomotive with only three driving axles for use in front of high-speed trains. Initially, the Reichsbahn ordered twelve machines, but after a counter offer from SSW the number was reduced to ten. At Walter Reichel's instigation, SSW received the order to develop the DR series E 05 as an alternative , three of which were ordered. Both series were to fulfill the same program, which included, among other things, the transportation of 600 t express trains on the newly electrified route from Magdeburg via Halle to Leipzig. The maximum speed required was 110 km / h, with the E 04 already being designed for 130 km / h.

In comparison with the E 05 equipped with a pawl bearing drive , the E 04 with its AEG spring cup drive, according to a development by Walter Kleinow, proved to be much better suited for the required speeds during the test drives . The specially developed AEG Kleinow frame , a further development of the Krauss-Helmholtz steering frame , also contributed to the good running properties of the E 04 . AEG delivered the first ten E 04 01 to 10 machines to the Reichsbahn in 1933. Based on its positive experience, AEG ordered a further eleven machines in the same year, which were delivered with the numbers E 04 11 to 21 in 1934. Two more copies, the E 04 22 and 23, entered service in 1936. An option for a further 13 machines was no longer exercised due to the outbreak of war in 1939.

The first delivery series from 1933 was still approved for 110 km / h. After test drives with the E 04 09 on June 28, 1933, during which it had reached 151.5 km / h with a 309 t train, the top speed of the E 04 09 and E 04 10 was increased to 130 km / h. This speed was also set for the following machines delivered in 1934 and 1936 . The last locomotive, the E 04 23, was equipped for push-pull operation in 1939 and tested on the Munich suburban railways until 1945.

First of all ten locomotives of the first production run in were Bahnbetriebswerk Leipzig West stationed apart from the test runs temporarily in the depot Munich main station stationed E 04 09 and 10. As of 1936, Leipzig after the delivery of the first E 18 some of its locomotives to Magdeburg from . The copies supplied by AEG from 1934 onwards came to southern German railway depots, in addition to Munich also to Nuremberg , Treuchtlingen and Augsburg .

In 1943 and 1944 a further six E 04s were moved to Halle (Saale) , their original destination, in exchange for E 18 . During the Second World War , a total of seven E 04s were so badly damaged by accidents or bomb damage that they had to be decommissioned. Only a part of it came back into operation after the end of the war.

post war period

German Reichsbahn

After the war , only nine locomotives were still operational in the area of ​​the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the Soviet occupation zone . Other machines were damaged in the Dessau repair shop and parked at various train stations, four of which had been refurbished by early 1946. After the cessation of electrical operation in the central German network by order of the SMAD at the beginning of April 1946, the 13 existing operational locomotives were transported to the Soviet Union as reparations . The severely damaged locomotives E 04, 11, 12 and 13 remained in the area of ​​the later GDR . Of these, the locomotives 04 and 13 were no longer repairable and were scrapped in the following years.

In the Soviet Union, like most of the electric vehicles transported away in 1946, the E 04 proved to be unsuitable for changing gauges to the broad gauge there. With the E 04, the spring cup drive in particular could not be converted without major technical effort. In addition, it did not prove expedient to use the dismantled power plant and contact line systems to set up an alternating current operation that deviated from the previous Soviet standard with regard to the electricity system. The locomotives were therefore not used. In 1952, the USSR and the GDR finally signed an agreement on the return of the electric locomotives and systems in exchange for the delivery of 335 long-distance passenger cars from VEB Waggonbau Ammendorf . By the beginning of 1953, all the E 04s that had been removed had returned. The locomotives had been parked outdoors for years and had to be completely overhauled. The Dessau repair shop repaired a total of 14 locomotives from 1956, only the E 04 12 was not refurbished and was used as a spare parts donor until it was formally retired in 1966.

Traditional locomotive E 04 01 in 1979 on a special trip in Dessau main station

The locomotives were first in the 1956 railway depots used in Halle and Köthen. In the following years, the Magdeburg Hbf and Leipzig West depots also received E 04. Their use was concentrated in passenger train services between Halle and Magdeburg . The E 04 23, which was already equipped with push-pull train control before the war, received a newly developed control in 1959 and took over push-pull trains between Halle and Leipzig from July 1959 . With the delivery of the first new construction locomotives of the DR series E 11 , the locomotives lost most of the express train services from the mid-1960s, which they had mainly driven up to then. The E 04 23 was also replaced by an E 11 in 1966 before its push-pull train. From 1962 the E 04 were mainly based in Magdeburg-Buckau, some locomotives also in Dessau, Leipzig West and Halle. From 1969 all locomotives came back to Leipzig West. With the expansion of the electrical route network, they took over services to Erfurt and Camburg from 1967, and from 1970 also to Dresden .

From 1975 the locomotives, designated as the 204 series since July 1970, were mainly used in passenger train service on the re-electrified line from Dessau to Magdeburg. Increasing damage to the traction motors meant that from 1971 onwards the series was decommissioned and scrapped. For the 1976 summer schedule, apart from the E 04 01, which was intended to be maintained as a traditional locomotive, only three operable copies were still in service. The locomotive 204 005 carried the last passenger train on November 28, 1976 and thus ended the scheduled use of the series at the DR.After the decommissioning, some of the locomotives were still used as a stationary energy supply device for electrodynamic track brakes or as a test system for train heating, including the E 04 07 and E 04 11 preserved today as museum locomotives.

German Federal Railroad

104 018 in Oberhausen 1981

The German Federal Railroad took over after the war the locomotives with the numbers E 04 17 to 22. The Headquartered also in southern Germany E 04 23 was when the war ended just behind of the reorganized zone boundary was stopped and remained at the Deutsche Reichsbahn. The locomotives were named series 104 from 1968 and were primarily used in the Munich area until May 1968. They were then based in Osnabrück , where they were still used in a separate circuit until the end of the 1979/80 winter timetable and mainly hauled local and express trains from Münster . The first machine in the series had previously been taken out of service in 1977. In the summer of 1980, a locomotive, 104 018, was used in a shared circuit with machines from the 140 series. The locomotive was then used in front of special trains until its Z position in October 1981. The last machines were finally taken out of service in early 1982.

The 104s, which were actually designed for use in Central Germany, were viewed by the Osnabrück locomotive staff as exotic from South Germany because they had to be taken to the Munich-Freimann repair shop for overhauls . They were therefore given nicknames such as "dumpling locomotive" or "mountain goat".

Whereabouts

Four of the 23 machines built have been preserved, but none of them is currently operational:

  • The E 04 01 was the traditional locomotive of the Deutsche Reichsbahn and is now parked on the museum track of Leipzig Central Station . The locomotive, which is owned by the DB Museum, is outwardly in the condition of the post-war Reichsbahn.
  • The E 04 07 belongs to the railway enthusiasts in the traditional Staßfurt depot , its exterior was refurbished in 2011.
  • The E 04 11 is owned by the Thuringian Railway Association and is now located in the Weimar Railway Museum.
  • The E 04 20 is also owned by the DB Museum and was in the state of the pre-war Reichsbahn until May 2020 as a monument locomotive in front of the former DB headquarters in Frankfurt am Main . On May 30, 2020, it was transferred to the DB Museum in Koblenz.

  • 204 001 and 011 in Weimar

  • E 04 007 in Staßfurt

  • 104 020 during the restoration for the 150th anniversary of the railway in Germany

  • E 04 20 as a memorial in Frankfurt am Main

  • Driver's cab of the E 04 01

literature

  • Peter Glanert, Thomas Scherrans, Thomas Borbe, Ralph Lüderitz: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German lignite district 1900–1947. Oldenbourg Industrieverlag, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-8356-3217-2 .
  • Peter Glanert, Thomas Scherrans, Thomas Borbe, Ralph Lüderitz: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn Part 1 - 1947 to 1960. Oldenbourg Industrieverlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-8356-3219-6 .
  • Peter Glanert, Thomas Scherrans, Thomas Borbe, Ralph Lüderitz: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn Part 2 - 1960 to 1993. Oldenbourg Industrieverlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-8356-3353-7 .

Web links

Commons : Series E 04  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German Brown Coal District - 1900 to 1947. P. 139.
  2. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German Brown Coal District - 1900 to 1947. P. 187.
  3. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German Brown Coal District - 1900 to 1947. P. 140.
  4. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German Brown Coal District - 1900 to 1947. P. 207.
  5. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German Brown Coal District - 1900 to 1947. P. 209.
  6. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 1: Through the Central German Brown Coal District - 1900 to 1947. p. 225.
  7. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn, Part 1 - 1947 to 1960. P. 75.
  8. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn, Part 1 - 1947 to 1960. P. 191.
  9. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn, Part 1 - 1947 to 1960. P. 225.
  10. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn, Part 2 - 1960 to 1993. P. 99.
  11. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn, Part 2 - 1960 to 1993. P. 100.
  12. ↑ Peter Glanert et al .: AC train operation in Germany. Volume 3: The Deutsche Reichsbahn, Part 2 - 1960 to 1993. P. 101.
  13. ^ Bundesbahnzeit.de: Old-style electric locomotives in the Revier , accessed on May 14, 2015
  14. ↑ BSW Group in the DB Museum Koblenz. Retrieved May 30, 2020 .