The legend and the heroic, joyful and glorious adventures of Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak
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The legend and the heroic, joyful and glorious adventures of Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak in Flanders and elsewhere is the title of a novel by the Belgian author Charles De Coster . The action takes place at the time of the war of independence of the Dutch provinces against the Spanish-Habsburg rule in the 16th century. Based on the folk book from 1515, de Coster expanded the Low German character Till Eulenspiegel from a burlesque joker and fool to a freedom fighter. The French original "La légende et les aventures héroiques joyeuses et glorieuses d'Ulenspiegel et de Lamme Goedzak au pays des Flandres et ailleurs" was published in 1867, the first German translation by Friedrich v. Oppeln-Bronikowski 1909.
overview
In the first book, De Coster took many of the Ulenspiegel stories from the folk book “A short two-way reading by Dyl Vlenspiegel gebore vß dem land zu Brunßwick: how he had accomplished his life” in his novel, adapted them to the plot and expanded them with his own inventions . He has also built up a group of main characters around the protagonist: The parents Claes and Soetkin, only mentioned in the folk book, the midwife Katheline and her daughter Nele, and the always hungry and thirsty Lamme Goedzak, who from the second book to Ulenspiegel on his travels through the Netherlands accompanied. Significant for de Coster's refinement of the hero into a fighter against the political and religious oppression of the people is that Ulenspiegel wears a pouch with his father's ashes, who was burned at the stake for heresy , around his neck as a reminder and warning.
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The Owl's Foreword
The owl Bubulus Bubb complains about its neglect in de Coster's work and its bad image among artists, publishers and “poets”. The bird Minerva on Ulenspiegel's shoulder embodies wisdom and represents the counterbalance to the antics symbolized in the mirror. Often the owl is depicted as a demonic and deadly secondary bird. This applies better to people: “What has your politics been made of since you have been ruling the world? From parting and murder. "Then Bubulus criticizes the author for his one-sided partisanship for the Geusen and the poor assessment of the Spaniards:" You poet, you cracker, you go crazy about everyone you call the executioner of your fatherland. " The world is more complicated than the main characters in the novel, all of them fools and fools. The owl is much more impressed by the monks and incinerators, the inquisition spy Gilline, the werewolf fishmonger, the nobleman playing the devil. These correspond more to their scheming, insidious, slander-spouting character. Bubulus, as a tactful bourgeois owl, would have warned the poet to be careful: It would have been better to let Karl and Philipp rest in their crypt, because a “vigilant censorship” would look for allusions to the current rulers. He shouldn't have taken the risk of provoking the cheats of the world and spoiling it with his coarse style with readers spoiled by elegantly polished, “comme il faut” written, linguistically drained love stories.
first book
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Thyl Ulenspiegel was born in Damme , Flanders , the son of the charcoal distiller Claes and his wife Soetkin and was baptized on the same day as Philip of Spain (1527). With her visionary abilities, the midwife Katheline prophesies the life paths of the two boys: Philip will become an executioner as king, while Ulenspiegel will travel immortally through the world. As a child, Thyl already showed his typical cheeky behavior towards adults and played tricks on them, e.g. B. by showing his bare buttocks to a group of pilgrims while riding the donkey or under the pretext of performing a tightrope act to the audience that throws the audience's shoes from the rope into the crowd and triggers a fight. His parents gave him several apprenticeships with various craftsmen, but after a short time he was dismissed because he played stupid, took the orders literally and consciously misunderstood the context or technical terms. He much prefers to appear at fairs (I, 20, 39), fools the beehive thieves and corrupt Catholic priests, or spends time with Nele. They love each other, but Nele is sad about his light-heartedness and volatility (I, 31, 61, 65). She is the daughter of the unmarried neighbor Katheline, who was passed off by his parents as their child. When Thyl was baptized, she fell tipsy into the river with the baby and was later accused, tortured and imprisoned as the bride of the devil. After her release, she returns to her house, physically handicapped and mentally confused, and imagines she is being visited at night by a demon, her beloved "Hanske" (Nele explains the connection in book 4).
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Meanwhile, Flanders is suffering from increasing oppression. Emperor Charles V orders that the Protestant " heresy " be eradicated. Besides witch trials, Thyl and his father also experience the business of Catholic clergymen, B. with pilgrims or letters of indulgence that make Claes a critic of the Pope and supporter of the Reformed. Because Ulenspiegel has publicly said that funeral masses are of no use to anyone except the clergy, who are paid by the relatives, he is sentenced to three years in exile and has to make a pilgrimage to Rome to request a pardon from the Pope. He then migrated through the Netherlands and the German Empire to Rome. He's joking with people everywhere. In Hamburg he sells "pilgrim berries" made from horse droppings to merchants with an alleged miracle effect; H. he still wants the landlord to foot the bill. He sifts a baker, after his funny instruction, the flour on the moonlit floor. His love for Nele does not prevent him from hanging out with women on the trip. As a result, he often steals free room and board. So in Rome he flatters the landlady with her beauty and bets her for a hundred guilders that the Pope will speak to him. He does this with a trick. Because he turned his back on the Pope who was standing at the altar at Mass, he was arrested and interrogated by him. Thyl cleverly excuses himself and receives the absolution. The certificate costs many ducats, but most of the winnings remain for the return trip. This is done in the same way as the journey. In Darmstadt he is supposed to portray the landgrave and some courtiers. After a month of good hospitality, he hangs up a white canvas in the castle and tests the guests: only those of real nobility can see the picture. Everyone seems to succeed and they appreciate the invisible painting. In Nuremberg he drives the sick out of the hospital with the threat that one of them should be boiled into a miracle medicine, allegedly healed from the hospital and, as a successful doctor, receives a reward. In Vienna he once again took a Wagner's order literally and carried the bellows after the master into the courtyard. Using the same method, he cuts the leather of a shoemaker into pieces in the shape of a hoof for animals. He fakes a landlady to raise her supposedly dead dog, receives money for it and eats for free.
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After returning from his trip to Damme, Thyl finds his parents in a desperate situation. His father Claes was arrested because of his Protestant sympathies after the greedy fishmonger Jost Grypstuiver denounced him for having spoken to and sheltered a Protestant. For this report and the testimony in front of the court, he is entitled to part of his victim's property as a reward. In the inquisition trial (I, 68-75) Claes is found guilty. He could die a quick death on the gallows by revoking Protestantism. But he stands firm and is burned at the stake. Selling the household goods does not satisfy the fishmonger. As the coin treasure buried by Thyl in the garden in time was not found in the house, he demands that Ulenspiegel and his mother Soetkin be interrogated under torture (I, 76-78). Despite the terrible agony, they do not reveal anything and are acquitted. Someone finds out the hiding place and digs up the money at night (the case is cleared up in books 3 and 4). Soon afterwards Soetkin dies of grief. Thyl collects the ashes of his father's heart and carries them in a pouch on his chest.
Before he says goodbye to Nele and leaves Damme to defend himself against the Spanish oppression, he pushes the fishmonger into a canal, but it survives. The drug expert Katheline mixes Thyl and Nele together a magic potion for their wedding night that triggers erotic hallucinations . You fly through surreal landscapes and meet naked flower girls, fairy tales and legends. Lucifer, King of Spring connects with a heavenly woman and gives Thyl the task: "Find the seven and the miracle belt" (I, 85). In the second book he begins the hike, in the last the riddle is solved.
In the Ulenspiegel story, the historical background, the tension between the central government and the province of Flanders and the attempts of Charles V and his son Philip II to suppress the demands for religious freedom and political independence through the inquisition and military violence are repeatedly faded in and mixed with the author's inventions: partly through an act by Charles V / Philip II, which contrasts with the Thyls, partly through inclusion in the Thyl story, which can thus be dated: The elaborate baptism of Philip II (1527) , the vicious sadistic pranks of the introverted nine-year-old Philip in Valladolid (I, 18), the loneliness of the Infante and his retreat into dark rooms, his sadistic cruelty to animals (I, 18, 22), the disturbed and repressed sexuality of the fifteen-year-old towards women (I , 25) and his lack of compassion for his first wife Maria of Portugal : At the same time as she went to de r the difficult birth of their son Carlos is dying (1545), he and his court attend the burning of a Flemish sculptor who was accused of iconoclasm by a monk (I, 30).
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Further scenes based on history and freely designed are Charles's occupation of Ghent in 1539/40, where he had the storm bell Roelandt removed as a punishment (I, 28), and Philip's marriage to his second wife, Queen Maria Tudor of England (1554) . They try to beget an heir to the throne and reproach each other for the lack of pregnancy (I, 45, 52). Thyl's encounters with historical figures also occur in the novel: when the 29-year-old Philipp visited Antwerp in 1556, Ulenspiegel, known as a joker, was supposed to make the distinguished guest laugh at a party. He announces that he is flying like a bird from his rope and then mocks viewers for believing a fool to believe such nonsense. Many laugh, except for Philipp. The Ulenspiegel story of the tower blower who wrongly carries out his orders out of revenge for bad treatment is moved to Audenaerde. Thyl does not give the trumpet signal for the arrival of Emperor Charles V, he has to wait a long time in front of the locked gate. The tower blower is therefore sentenced to death, but may be acquitted by an unfulfillable request. Thyl succeeds in doing this, to the amusement of the emperor, by demanding a kiss on his buttocks (I, 42).
Karl and Philipp appear in two dark visions of Neles and Katheline. In a conversation about the different strategies of maintaining power, with the Inquisition in Spain and the tolerance of Protestantism in Germany, Karl is exposed as a hypocrite (I, 58). Before the Last Judgment, Jesus condemns Karl to endure all the tortures that his victims have endured, while Claes is taken to heaven (I, 79).
second book
From the second book onwards, the plot is based on the historical events of the Eighty Years' War: z. B. the handing over of the petition of the Dutch nobility to the governor, Duchess Margarethe von Parma , in Brussels in 1566 with the demand to suspend the heretic trials and to end the religious conflicts (II, 6), and on the other hand, after the unsuccessful diplomatic action, the Advising the nobles on their attitude towards the king's military action. Ulenspiegel overheard, hidden in a chimney, the consultation of William of Orange with his brother Ludwig von Nassau , Count Egmont , Count Hoorn and others. a. in Dendermonde . He then informed the leader of the conspiracy Praet about the controversial discussion (II, 20). Thyl also becomes personally active and appeals to the Geusen leader Brederode (II, 7) and Count Egmont (II, 16) to fight against the advancing Spanish troops.
In the main story, Ulenspiegel rides through the Netherlands on a donkey with his father's ashes in a bag on his chest. He is accompanied by the fat Lamme Goedzak, known from some of the drinking and eating orgies of the first book (I, 43, 56), who is looking for his young wife and is getting some grief in the process. On the one hand, Thyl continues his fool's life from the first book, drinks and eats a lot with lamb and argues with the landlords about paying the bill. He jokes with people, pleases the women with his attractive youthful appearance, his cheeky demeanor, his frivolous flattery and quick-wittedness, who like to welcome and entertain him as an occasional lover, while Nele loyally waits for him at home and rejects her applicants .
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On the other hand, Ulenspiegel combines his cunning rascals with his activities for William of Orange and against the Spanish occupation forces and the Inquisition. He networks the autonomy and Protestant movements around the printer Simon Praet and Doctor Agileus with the Flemish nobility and the people in the marketplaces in order to win them over to the rebellion against the king (II, 6). The mood in the country is heated: preacher monks insult the Calvinists and Lutherans (II, 11). Paid agitators storm the churches with discontented hordes in 1566 and destroy the altarpieces and statues. (II, 15). Ulenspiegel and Lamme roam the country and overhear the conversations about the troop movements of the Spaniards in the inns and in the markets. Through a love affair with the wife of Count Meghem, loyal to the emperor, Ulenspiegel found out about her husband's plan to have soldiers enlisted in the city of Herzogenbusch . Disguised in a pilgrim's robe, Thyl mingles with the advancing troops with the prostitutes' wagons, is mockingly courted by the girls and pretends to proclaim the sacred mysteries to the Flemish mercenaries. In a sermon parody, however, he gives a speech from a tree about the physical pleasures of eating and drinking. He escapes the suspicious Captain von Lamotte by means of a trick, hurries to Herzogenbusch, and the city can still prepare for defense in time (II, 18).
Third book
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In this book, the Thyl plot is again linked to historical events and Philipp actions: z. B. with the animal cruelty of the king and, alluding to the Babington conspiracy in 1586, with the planned attack by Philip II together with the Catholic League against the English Queen Elizabeth I (III, 41).
The third book begins with the advance of Duke Alba, appointed governor of the Spanish Netherlands in 1567, on Brussels and the punishment of iconoclasts and Reformed nobles who are accused of treason against the king. On the Roßmarkt in 1568 Ulenspiegel, disguised as a wood chopper, sees the beheading of Egmont and Hoorn, who gullibly believed Alba's promise to forgive them and surrendered themselves to him (III, 7 and 8).
In the main story, Ulenspiegel continues his agitation journey through the Netherlands, accompanied by the Lamme who is still looking for his wife. Thyl observes the advance of the Spaniards, identifies himself to the Geusen sympathizers with a lark's trill, which must be answered by a cock crow, and delivers their messages, fights henchmen, and kills assassins before they attempt to attack the prince. He spins rebellious threads underground, helps the blacksmith Wasteele in Lokeren with the manufacture of weapons and organizes their transport to the Geusen, he recruits soldiers for William of Orange, the “silent” and calls out to the resistance with the battle song “Slaet op den trommele” on. He appears as an avenger and punishes Profos Spelle with a ghost appearance, who accused the innocent Michielkin of heresy and tortured him in order to blackmail him (III, 33). He mocks the Catholic clergy who enrich themselves by exploiting the pilgrims' faith in miracles and outwits them. For example, he takes in Ypern at a Probst a Küster point to admits secretly the filled storage chambers, operated itself plentiful and distributes the other foods to the poor and prostitutes in the Ketel-staet, thanking him with their services for the benefits ( III, 6). In front of the town of Bouillon he plays a comedy for hunchbacked pilgrims, saying that he was punished with a humpback for his blasphemy against St. Remaklius and that he was then freed from it by his repentance. The dean sees through his ruse, wants to use it for himself and plays along with the deception. He then asks the pilgrims for a collection because of the miracle they experienced. Ulenspiegel, however, can withhold most of them and bring him to William of Orange to arm his increasingly strong troops (III, 10). But Duke Alba evades him with his army and tries to divide the Reformed with false reports. Ulenspiegel reacts and kills two Spaniards who spread the rumor that Wilhelm was negotiating with the enemy. Then he becomes a soldier himself, mocks a cocky German mercenary with a foolish duel, defeats eight Spanish pennons and three squadrons as platoon leader of a company of arquebusiers and kills the commander Don Ruffele Henricis, the duke's son (III, 15). He travels through the ranks of the enemy with forged passports and spies on them.
The dangerous adventures together with the constantly whining lamb are interrupted again and again by burlesque tavern and prostitute scenes with rough jokes, hearty meals and booze, e.g. B. during a comic visit to a brothel in the Scheldt district in Antwerp , where the enterprising " lust whores " hard harass and seduce the lamb, who is basically loyal to his runaway wife (III, 28), or in the "rainbow". There he persuades the prostitute Gilline, spying for the Spaniards, some of the Duke's captors and the landlady Stevenyne, who collaborates with them, to switch sides by paying them to help the prince (III, 34). In all scenes, Lamme is the fearful, comical pedant to the daring Thyl, who is popular with the joy girls. For example, the Maas skipper “Stercke Pier”, who smuggles weapons for the “Gös” (III, 27), wins lamb in a fight he provokes, then drinks with him to his victory and thus strengthens his self-esteem as a fighter. At one of these lavish feasts they make the drunken landlord chat, learn of the planned assassination attempt on the Orange, lure three conspirators disguised as preachers into an ambush and shoot them. Another time Thyl disguises a group as a wedding procession (III, 23) and thus brings weapons through the ranks of the Spaniards to the besieged city of Maastricht (III, 23).
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At the end of the third book, the two return to Damme. Nele tells Lamme that his wife, a Catholic in Bruges, leads a life of pious devotion and has to refuse her husband's physical pleasures. In the previous story, she repeatedly watched her husband through the window panes of the inns and then paid his bill unnoticed by him. For some time girls and wealthy citizens have been found dead with wolf bite wounds in Damme. The superstitious village population believes in werewolves and the spiritually believing, confused Katheline connects such wolf fantasies with the nightly visits of her "Hanske" (III, 37). Upon his arrival, Ulenspiegel clears up the first case (III; 43-44) and Nele soon afterwards the second. Thyl lays out a trapping iron at night, and the serial killer clad in a wolf's skin steps inside. It's the fishmonger and waffle baker Jost Grypstuiver. During interrogation, he admits the deeds without feeling guilty, because he was teased by others as a child and excluded from the community. As a result, he developed a hatred of Thyl's beloved parents and of all people and avenged himself through his wolf attacks, with long iron teeth screwed into his waffle iron. The population demands a severe punishment and he is burned at the stake.
Fourth book
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The Dutch struggle for freedom continues. After the uprising on land was suppressed by Alba and Alba imposed high taxes on the land, Ulenspiegel and his companions join the rebel fleet of the water captives and fight on the sea: They hijack Spanish ships, use the spoil for their armament and conquer port cities of the Provinces of Zeeland and Holland from the sea. Historical reference is the conquest of La Briele , Gorkum , Vlissingen and the provinces of Zeeland and Holland in 1572, as their governor William I of Orange, and the battle of Vlissingen in 1573, when a Dutch fleet prevented a cannon bombing of the city by the Spanish armada can.
While Ulenspiegel fights against Spanish rule and the Inquisition at sea, in Damme Katheline's love story with her "Hanske", which was thought to be the dreams of a madwoman, is explained by Nele (IV, 3-6). Her nocturnal lover and Nele's father is the noble Joost Damman. He made Katheline, who is susceptible to ghostly apparitions, submissive in his appearances, made up as a beautiful demon, with drugs mixed in the wine, exploited her and found out the hiding place of Claesens 700 carols and dug them up. His friend Hilbert Ryvish, whom Katheline wanted to marry off to Nele on his advice (I, 80), was stabbed to death at night in an argument about a girl from Heyst. Katheline witnessed what she thought was a satanic incident. Nele uses Katheline's mental confusion and moves her, allegedly on the orders of "Hanske", to lead the court to the place where the girl's body is buried. Joost confesses to the crime and is charged with murder and witchcraft, as is Katheline for her belief in sorcery. Katheline passes the proof of God in the sewer, she goes under and is therefore not accused of being a witch, but she dies soon after from the effects of hypothermia.
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After the conquest of Gorkum, in which Ulenspiegel and Lamme took part under the command of Captain Marin, the citizens and soldiers enclosed in the citadel, including thirteen monks , were assured of free retreat, but on the orders of the admiral of the Wassergeusen, Herr de Lumey de la Marck they are captured and hung in briele. Ulenspiegel stood up for the monks in front of the admiral, citing the soldier's word as the “golden word” and the order of Wilhelm of Orange to respect freedom of conscience and religion and to spare innocent priests and religious. But de Lumey is angry about Thyl's insubordination ("I don't lick the big ones' shoes") and condemns him to death by hanging. Nele saves his life by using an old custom of the city that a maid can save a convict from the rope if she takes him under the gallows as a husband. They marry and fight together, in eternal youth without aging, with the Wassergeusen on the Huker "La Briele" of the captain Très-Long as the "avenger of Flanders": Thyl with the sword, Nele as the piper of freedom (IV, 8 ). They cheer the sailors on with battle songs against Spaniards and inquisitors. After the merciless Lumey, who was ruthless in matters of religious freedom, was replaced by Bouwen Ewoutsen Worst as admiral, Ulenspiegel became captain of the “La Briele”. Lamme had already been appointed ship's cook and thus ruler of his culinary kingdom. They commandeer the food from farmers who betrayed Geusen sympathizers to the Spaniards (IV, 17). During the siege of Vlissingen, Nel and Thyl take a dream powder and have an apocalyptic vision of a cruel battle of death and seven ghosts sailing over the people in a red ship, while the "seven star-crowned" fight for "mercy for the poor world" ask (IV, 11).
Fifth book
The action takes place in the historical context after the breakup of the League of Seventeen Provinces: In 1579, some southern, predominantly French-speaking provinces merge to form the Catholic Union of Arras , which remains under Spanish rule, while the northern provinces with a predominantly Calvinist population form the Union of Utrecht form, continued to oppose Spain and in 1581 declared themselves the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands .
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The fifth book begins with controversial voices about the tension between the provinces and then shows the denominational hostility on Ulenspiegel's ship in the hate sermon of a captured monk and in his mockery by the Geusen and in their demand for his execution (V, 3). This situation clarifies the private situation of Lammes and his wife Calleken Huybrecht (V, 7). Together with other girls and women, she came under the influence of the monk Broer Cornelis Adriaensen, who promised them that he would achieve eternal happiness through separation from their husbands and sexual abstinence. To atone for their sins, they were questioned by him about their past life and whipped naked. Calleken, however, did not keep the requirement of separation and repeatedly observed Lamme unnoticed. Now it turns out that the monk who has been caught and fattened into a fat block with a view of a blow river is this Broer Cornelis. Calleken, cured of her error, returns to her husband. The two say goodbye to Thyl, Nele and the Geusen and drive to Vlissingen, where they want to live together again with earthly pleasures.
At the end of the novel, Thyl and Nele, Flanders' Spirit and Love, look out over the battlefields from a tower and look out for Spanish attacks on the States General. With Lene's magic balm, the two have an eschatological vision in which the old seven deadly sins are burned up and replaced by seven new virtues: arrogance becomes aristocracy, greed becomes frugality, anger becomes liveliness, obsession with food, envy, competition, laziness becomes dreaminess Poets and sages, love from fornication. The mystery of the magic belt is also solved: It is the federal bond, the friendship between Belgium and the Netherlands. At first Thyl does not wake up from the dream image and is quickly brought underground by a Catholic priest who happily exclaims “The great Gös is dead, the Lord be praised!”. But he shakes off the sand: “Inquisitor, you are bringing me a sleeping, living body under the earth! […] Who buries the spirit of the original mother Flanders, who buries Nele, her ardent heart? She can sleep too, but die - no and no! ”The priest flees in a panic:“ The great Gös is returning to the world. Lord God, take my soul to you! ”. Ulenspiegel moves on with Nele and sings a sixth song. "But where he sang the last one, nobody knows."
reception
Charles de Coster's “Ulenspiegel” is often referred to as the national epic of Belgium and the beginning of modern Belgian literature and compared with works on the best list of European literature. As soon as the first German translation appeared, Arthur Holitscher asked : “Where should you put this book? Should he be placed with Shakespeare and Dante or with Dostoevsky and Hamsun ? Certainly one of the ten volumes you want to have with you if you don't want to carry the whole box with you. ” Stefan Zweig also called the novel“ an unforgettable and immortal work ”. “As the Iliad was primeval, powerful and incomparable at the beginning of Greek literature, so it is lonely and outstanding in its time. De Coster spent fifteen years on this work. And it has become a book, an unparalleled folk book. "For Alfred Döblin , De Coster's work was one of the best novels he knew, and he even placed the author above Balzac , Flaubert , Tolstoy :" This wonderful, much-loved work is long gone Level of art products moved up to that of the popular books ”. Romain Rolland also names famous names in his comparison: “A newspaper writer, poor and without a name, has erected a monument almost before our eyes that can compete with Don Quixote and Pantagruel ”.
As is clear from the large number of translations, the novel met with a great response from Flemings, Dutch, Germans and Russians from before the First to after the Second World War. At the center of the recipients' interest is apparently the politicization of Eulenspiegel, who puts his rascality at the service of a rebellion. The spectrum of classification ranges from regional strivings for autonomy to revolutionary movements against a dictatorship. In the GDR this topic was u. a. edited by Christa and Gerhard Wolf .
Translations into German
| → Translations 1909 - 1996 |
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According to the archive of the Eulenspiegel Museum Schöppenstedt
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Translation comparison: Alexander Schwarz: "The translation as a support chair or wax candle". P. 217 ff.
Adaptations
illustration
De Costers Ulenspiegel has been illustrated again and again in the course of the history of the edition, and according to the technology, e.g. B. woodcut (Masereel), drawing with thick (Löb) and fine lines (de Coninck) etc. interpreted in the respective epoch of the painter. Various Belgian artists worked on the edition from 1869, which was equipped with 32 illustrations: Louis Artan , Léon Becker, Gustave Joseph Biot, Hippolyte Boulenger , Paul Jan Clays, Adolf Dillens , August Danse, Henri Joseph Duwée, Théodore Fourmois, Charles de Groux , Alfred Hubert, Louis Jaugey, Paul Lauters, Félicien Rops , Edmond de Schampheleer , Hendrik Frans (or Henri Francoise) Schaefels, Eugène Smits, Camille van Camp, Guillaume van der Hecht, Paul van der Vin. Depending on the atmosphere of individual scenes in the novel, the graphics are realistic and detailed, impressionistically gloomy in the style of black romanticism or fairytale romantic . The illustrations of the 20th century. are u. a. Caricaturing satirically (Löb), expressionistic (Masereel) or in the style of surrealism or symbolism (de Bruycker).
Other illustrators (selection):
- Eberhard Binder : Charles De Coster, Karl Wolfskehl: "The story of Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak and their heroic, happy and glorious adventures in Flanders and elsewhere". New life, Berlin 1965.
- Ludwig Bock : "Tyll Ulenspiegel" by Charles de Coster, with 10 hand-colored pictures by Ludwig Bock, Rösl Verlag Munich 1920.
- Jules De Bruycker
- René De Coninck
- Max Hunziker
- Erich Klahn , 1,312 watercolors (1935-1978)
- Kurt Löb: "The story of Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak and their heroic, happy and glorious adventures in Flanders and elsewhere." Translated by Karl Wolfskehl. Kurt Wolff Munich 1926. Book guild Gutenberg Frankfurt a. Vienna 1993, with drawings by Kurt Löb.
- Frans Masereel : "Ulenspiegel - The legend and the heroic, happy and glorious adventures of Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak in Flanders and elsewhere". Translated from the French by Walter Widmer. Fischer Berlin u. Frankfurt 1955; Winkler-Verlag 1958 with woodcuts by Frans Masereel.
- Rafaello Busoni .
Comic
- "Tijl Uilenspiegel" (1945), later renamed "Tijl en De Lamme" and "De Lamme". Comics series by Ray Goossens and Luyckx.
- "Thyl Uilenspiegel": "De Opstand der Geuzen" and "Fort Oranje", two comic albums freely based on de Coster by Willy Vandersteen , together with the illustrators Karel Verschuere, Bob de Moor and Tibet, published in the Flemish and Belgian comic books Kuifje , Tintin and Ons Volk magazines 1951/52 and between 1952 and 1953.
Movie
- " Les Aventures de Till L'Espiègle " (English title: "Bold Adventure"), French-East German co-production with Gérard Philipe , directed by Joris Ivens and Gerard Philipe, 1956.
- "The Legend of Till Ullenspiegel", directed by Aleksandr Alov and Vladimir Naumov, USSR 1976.
music
- "Ulenspiegel". Opera in three acts, Op. 23, by Walter Braunfels (1910). The libretto is based on de Coster's novel. First performance on November 4, 1913 at the Royal Court Theater in Stuttgart. Further performances: 2011 in Gera, Thuringia, and 2014 as an EntArteOpera production in Zurich (released on DVD in 2017 by the Capriccio record company).
- "Thyl Claes". Drama oratorio by the Russian composer Wladimir Rudolfowitsch Vogel (1941–1945).
- "Till Eulenspiegel". Samizdat - opera by the Soviet composer Nikolai Karetnikov and the librettist Pavel Lungin (1983). It was recorded bit by bit in secret and only premiered after the end of the Soviet Union in 1993.
- Il Prigioniero . Opera by Luigi Dallapiccola (1949). One of his two sources is de Coster's novel.
literature
s. Charles de Coster - literature
Individual evidence
- ↑ dbnl.org
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↑ 96 Stories, Strasbourg, 1515Wikisource: Eulenspiegelbuch - Sources and full texts
- ↑ popular book of "Dyl Vlenspiegel" 2. History
- ↑ 3rd and 4th history
- ↑ 9. History
- ↑ 1. History
- ↑ 35. History
- ↑ 33. History
- ↑ 34. History
- ↑ 27. History
- ↑ 17. History
- ↑ 39. History
- ↑ 43. History
- ↑ 82. History
- ↑ 22. History
- ↑ at the end of the fifth book they should actually be over 50 years old
- ↑ Hanjo Kesting: Charles de Coster: "Legende vom Ulenspiegel". NDR Kultur, July 5, 2016, www.ndr.de
- ↑ Alexander Schwarz: "The translation as a carrying chair or wax candle". P. 216 ff. In: Albrecht, Jörn / Heidrun Gerzymisch-Arbogast / Dorothee Rothfuß-Bastian (eds.): “Translation - Translation - Traduction. New research questions under discussion ”. Festschrift for Werner Koller, Tübingen: Narr 2004 (= Yearbook of Translation and Interpreting; Volume 5). books. google. de
- ↑ In: Albrecht, Jörn / Heidrun Gerzymisch-Arbogast / Dorothee Rothfuß-Bastian (eds.): "Translation - Translation - Traduction. New research questions under discussion ”. Festschrift for Werner Koller, Tübingen: Narr 2004 (= Yearbook of Translation and Interpreting; Volume 5). books. google. de
- ↑ Paris LIBRAIRIE INTERNATIONAL, A. LACROIX, VERBROECKHOVEN & Cie, Editeurs, à Bruxelles, à Leipzig and à Livourne.1869.
- ↑ wikimedia commons De Coster - La Légende d'Ulenspiegel, 1869, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ulenspiegel_(novel)
- ↑ fr.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Gustave_Joseph_Biot
- ↑ en.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Paul_Jean_Clays
- ↑ m.wikidata.org ›wiki› Henri Joseph Duwée
- ↑ en.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Théodore_Fourmois
- ↑ en.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Paul_Lauters
- ↑ en.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Hendrik_Frans_Schaefels
- ↑ fr.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Eugène_Smits
- ↑ nl.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Guillaume_Van_der_Hecht
- ↑ en.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Jules_De_Bruycker
- ↑ nl.wikipedia.org ›wiki› René_De_Coninck
- ↑ PM: Max Hunziker, illustrations for the book Thyl Ulenspiegel In: Architektur und Kunst, Vol. 27, Issue 10, 1940, pp. 297-300.
- ↑ nl.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Kurt_Löb
- ↑ en.wikipedia.org ›wiki› Ray_Goossens
- ↑ https://www.lambiek.net/artists/g/goossens_ray.htm
- ↑ https://www.lambiek.net/artists/v/vandersteen.htm
