Endurance riding
Endurance (Engl. Endurance riding ) is an equestrian sport in which it comes to a great distance to horse as soon as possible to overcome.
One-day distance rides are held on routes from 25 to approx. 160 kilometers. There are also (more rarely) multi-day competitions such as the Ritte Vienna - Budapest and the Trotweg West , which led from Alsace to the North Sea .
Full definition
Endurance riding is practiced from popular sport to high-performance sport. The horse has to cover many kilometers on different terrain and still reach the finish line fresh and healthy. This sport is particularly popular in the Arab world. Arabs are horses whose traditional breeding they recommend for long distance rides.
The aim of a distance ride is to ride a horse at a given speed over a given distance. This is mostly marked, but there are also unmarked map rides on which the rider has to find the route himself using the map. For long rides, the participants usually start at the same time ( mass start ). The prescribed minimum speed must not be undercut. The winner is the horse that crosses the finish line first and survives the subsequent veterinary examination without any complaints.
The rider has to adjust the speed and riding style to how well his horse is doing and how it is coping with the ground conditions. The condition and state of health of the horse are checked by veterinarians before the start and after the finish, with longer rides also in one or more breaks of up to 50 minutes. Horses that have been declared unfit to ride by the veterinarian must be eliminated. This ensures that no horse suffers permanent damage.
Endurance riding, a high-performance sport, requires appropriate preparation so that the physical fitness of horse and rider meet the requirements. This includes feeding tailored to the horse and the required performance, training in open terrain and plenty of grazing to strengthen the immune system and muscles.
The goal of many endurance riders is to participate in a hundred kilometer (100 miles = 160 km route length). Depending on the training level of a couple, there are distance rides of different lengths. It can take many years before you can ride 160 km.
The beginnings
Endurance riding is probably one of the oldest equestrian sports. For long distances, spirited horses are particularly suitable. Early cultures made their soldiers mounted and let them travel thousands of kilometers, enduring bad weather, hunger and exhaustion.
The first training instruction in history comes from the Mittani Kikkuli from the 15th century BC. His horse text is a daily program for the feeding, care, keeping and training of war (chariot) horses, in order to enable them to cover a distance of around 1,000 km in 7 nights at the end of the program.
The Persians developed the first real communication system - also with the help of the horse. Post stations were set up at intervals of a day's ride, so that a distance of 2,400 kilometers could be ridden in 7 to 14 days by changing horses regularly. 1,800 years later, Genghis Khan, whose riders covered about 150 miles a day, introduced a similar system.
The legendary Pony Express opened in 1860: a number of riders carried mail between Missouri and San Francisco, in part through areas where hostile Indians lived - a total of 3,145 kilometers through Missouri, Kansas , Nebraska , Colorado , Wyoming , Utah and Nevada to Sacramento , California . In its heyday, the Pony Express had 100 riders, 190 relay stations, 400 employees along the route and used 400 horses in just ten days. The fastest ride was a distance of 193 km in 8 hours and 10 minutes. Because of the great losses, the Pony Express only existed for two years.
Endurance riding probably became an independent sport in Europe at the end of the 19th century. Forced by the military, some tough races were ridden, some with fatal consequences, as many horses died of exhaustion. The longest race of the kind was the distance ride Vienna-Berlin (Berlin-Vienna) 1892 , about 572 km, in which soldiers of the German and the Austro-Hungarian army took part. The race was won with a time of 71 hours and 27 minutes; the winner was on the road uninterruptedly except for short breaks totaling around 11 hours. By the end of the following week, 25 horses from the field, including the winner's, had died. Endurance riding fell into disrepute as a sport, and the military no longer showed any interest in it because faster means of transport were available with trains, automobiles and bicycles.
The first modern, veterinary-controlled endurance ride Western States Trail Ride 100 Miles One Day (known as the Tevis Cup ) from Robie Park near Lake Tahoe made a major contribution to the comeback of endurance riding in the post-war period, since 1955 in almost uninterrupted succession to the present day through the Sierra Nevada to Auburn in California. In Germany, the first long-distance rides took place in Ankum in the post-war period in 1969 , organized by the Equitana founder Wolf Kröber. During these first rides (50 km) there were dead horses again. The first German Hundertmeiler was the Ritt Hamburg – Hanover organized by the fire circle (since 1974). The fire circle and the expert committee endurance riding (forerunner of the Association of German Endurance Riders (VDD)) gave themselves the first sets of rules that focused on the protection of horses.
Distances
In Germany, distance competitions are classified according to the length of the route to be ridden into introductory rides (ER), short distance rides (KDR), medium distance rides (MDR) and long distance rides (LDR). The German regulations provide for the following classification:
| One day competitions | Multi-day competitions | |
|---|---|---|
| Introductory rides | 25-40 km | 25-34 km |
| Short distance rides | 41-60 km | 35-49 km |
| Medium distance rides | 61-80 km | 50-59 km |
| Long distance rides | from 81 km | from 60 km |
In America, the classification takes place in limited distance (22-30 miles, 35-48 km) as an entry - not in all states a placement is made so that the training character for horse and rider is guaranteed - and endurance (50 and 100 miles, 80 or . 160 km, sometimes 75 miles).
In Switzerland there is a beginner class called Endurance Light (EL) and endurance rides at a prescribed speed (EVG) in four classes. The placement is based on the horse's time and heart rate during the final veterinary inspection after the ride. In the Concours d'endurance national (CEN) competitions, the fastest horse wins the ranking.
Horses and riders must start with the simplest competition (EVG 1) and gradually qualify for the more difficult competitions. A constitutional check is carried out after each stage. In addition, the horses are watered and washed with cold water to cool them down .
| length | Stages | speed | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tbsp | 15-25 km | 1 stage | 7-12 km / h |
| EVG 1 | 25-39 km | 1 stage | 8-13 km / h |
| EVG 2 | 40-59 km | 2 stages | 10-15 km / h |
| ECG 3 | 60-79 km | several stages | 10-15 km / h |
| EVG 4 | 80-90 km | several stages | 10-15 km / h |
| CEN * | 80-119 km | min. 12 km / h | |
| CEN ** | 120-139 km | or 2 × 80 km in 2 days | min. 12 km / h |
| CEN *** | 120-139 km | or 2 × 100 km in 2 days | min. 12 km / h |
In various other countries qualifications are required in order to be allowed to start on longer rides or journeys, in Germany this is not the case.
Speed and time
The rider tries to achieve an optimal average speed. After receiving the starting documents, he uses the attached map to find out about the terrain to be expected: Mountains, roads and stony paths, for example, do not allow fast riding, but a high speed can be targeted on open terrain and good paths. The rider calculates the achievable speed based on the information about the route.
The riding information shows how many checkpoints the supervisor can drive to in order to feed and cool the horse and rider. This process must also be timed. Riders and supervisors ideally work with coordinated stopwatches.
Long distance competitions in Germany are generally rated according to time, i.e. H. the rider who needs the shortest time to reach the finish wins. Time scoring is also possible for short and medium distances. All distance competitions that are only rated based on time can also be referred to as "distance races".
According to German regulations, a maximum time must be specified for each competition in the invitation, which must not be exceeded. In medium and long distance competitions, this is based on the expected best time, which is doubled. Tempo 7 to 9 is considered to be the expected value. For introductory rides and short distance competitions, the maximum time is set at 8 to 12 pace, depending on the nature of the terrain. The speed indications T1 to T12 provide information about the minutes that are required per kilometer to be covered: T1 means about one minute, T12 stands for about 12 minutes per kilometer.
Time for endurance rides is also limited in the USA. The maximum time allowed for limited distance is 6 hours, in endurance competitions 12 hours for 80 km and 24 hours for 160 km must not be exceeded. The fastest rides for 160 km are usually 8-10 hours, depending on the conditions.
Gaits
The predominant gait is a fast trot, which is sometimes interrupted by a gallop or walk for a few minutes. Due to the time limit, the average speed must not fall below a slow jog , 15–20 km / h at a trot are quite common, often uphill and downhill alike. The sequence of movements of a horse that is to be used over long distances is of outstanding importance and largely depends on the horse's physique. The ideal case is a horse that takes long, ground-covering strides and moves relaxed and effortlessly. The limbs should be brought forward in a straight line and each joint should be fully flexed - the underside of each individual hoof should be visible from behind as you move. The best way to assess the sequence of movements is to look at the horse, which is being led at walk or trot, from the front or the rear. This is possible during the medical examination, before the start, sometimes during the race and after the end of the endurance ride.
Constitutional controls
The constitutional controls are intended to avoid overburdening the horses. These take place before and after the ride, as well as across the route. A horse is considered fit to ride if, in the opinion of the veterinarian, it can cover the distance ahead of it, but at least 20 km, without suffering damage or suffering pain. This also applies to the follow-up examination.
During the preliminary examination, the horse is presented without a saddle and bandages and is fully examined by a veterinarian. In particular, the back, hooves, gait, heart and breathing as well as circulation and metabolic status are checked. The examination of the gait includes trenching on as firm and level ground as possible.
The constitutional checks on the route primarily include the gait (including trotting), the metabolism, circulation and pulse of the horse. 20 minutes after arriving at a vet control or at the finish, the pulse rate must not exceed 64 beats per minute, as this value is internationally recognized as the limit value for excessive demands. Most of the breaks in today's distance competitions are organized as VetGates ; H. the pause does not begin until the horse is presented with a pulse of 64 or below. In the case of recognizable overstrain or injury, the horse will be excluded from the competition. A veterinary approval is required for the removal of an animal that has been eliminated. According to German regulations, the minimum number of constitutional controls on the route is one for introductory rides and short distance rides, two for medium distance rides and three or four for long distance rides (up to 120 km or more).
The target control checks the horse's pulse, circulation and metabolism. For competitions up to 80 km, the comprehensive follow-up examination takes place at the earliest two hours after arrival at the finish and analogous to the preliminary examination. It is also the transport release. In the case of long distance rides, an early follow-up examination (within 30 minutes of arrival at the finish) or a late follow-up examination (the following day) takes place. In the case of an early follow-up examination, the transport release takes place on the following day and in the case of a later follow-up examination as part of the follow-up examination.
In addition, the horses are watered and washed with cold water to cool them down.
Claim to the rider
There are no entry restrictions for the rider in introductory competitions. In order to be able to take part in a short, medium or long distance competition, riders under the age of 14 must have completed at least one introductory ride in the valuation or be in possession of the German riding pass of the FN or a comparable qualification from other riding associations.
Long distance races in particular place high demands on the rider's physical fitness and stamina. This should - even after many hours in the saddle - maintain a balanced seat , harmonious movement and a relaxed posture. Furthermore, he should be able to run alongside his horse for longer stretches, which is particularly useful for long downhill stretches in order to relieve his horse. An endurance rider must be able to assess the optimal pace of his horse, adapt the pace to the nature of the terrain and be able to adhere to the times prescribed in the competition. He must be able to maintain the optimal speed of his horse despite the heat of the race and at the same time correctly assess whether his horse is up to the exertion. Last but not least, he also needs a clear head and the will to persevere in tricky situations and difficult decisions, even if everything does not go according to plan.
Demands on the horses
In general, endurance riding is open to all types of horses, but there are a number of characteristics that are advantageous or desirable through appropriate training. Especially for rides in difficult or uneven terrain, a horse must have a correct physique so that it can move freely and not tire excessively or run the risk of injury. A horse with straight, well-proportioned legs and pronounced joints will be more balanced and less prone to sprains or strains. On the other hand, horses that have a strong tendency to stroke are unsuitable for endurance rides. Occasional brushing can be corrected by the appropriate shoeing and may even go by itself if the horse builds more muscles in the course of training.
The fur should not be too dense and the veins should be clearly visible - often the result of appropriate training - so that the internal heat can be dissipated well into the environment. For the same reason, a slender and tall (knife-shaped) horse is preferable to one with a round (barrel-shaped) body shape.
A high withers is desirable in relation to the muscling, while the nostrils and the following nose area should be as large as possible to facilitate breathing. An extreme Arab head with a strongly concave profile (pike head), as it occurs in Show Arabian lines, is disadvantageous. Long, lean muscles, especially the hindquarters, are desirable for good endurance. Arabs and mares generally have an advantage. For example, the muscle type composition of a trotter mare is equivalent to that of an Arabian stallion, but better than that of a trotter stallion. Bedouins therefore used only mares for their war campaigns in the past.
According to VDD regulations (Association of German Endurance Riders), a horse that is to be ridden over long distances (from 81 km in length) must be at least seven years old. The minimum age for short and medium distance competitions is six and for introductory competitions five years. An upper age limit is not defined.
Horse breeds
Arabian horses are particularly suitable for overcoming long distances . Akhal-Teke people are less common . Mustangs have also proven themselves in America .
While in America and Australia almost exclusively Arabs are used for long rides, in Germany many “atypical” horse breeds also start on endurance rides. So are z. B. many trotters , other thoroughbreds, warm-blooded animals, various pony breeds on the German route.
training
Training an endurance horse from entry level to a long distance race is a long way, usually stretching over three to five years. The horse should never be broken in too early so that the animal's body can develop fully. An age of four to five years is considered appropriate.
The training begins with long and slow rides, during which you mainly walk, two to three times a week for two to four hours. After a few months there is a gradual intensification with flowing trot phases or more demanding terrain, but the step initially remains the main gait . Participation in introductory competitions can supplement the training after a few months. The winter should be used for a longer training break, which can be filled with dressage or communication exercises, for example, but the holiday character should be in the foreground. After resuming training, the pace can now be increased to a persistent jog , with short and fast rides alternating with long and slow ones. About 40 km are targeted as a long lap. It is now possible to start in an introductory competition or a longer route. After the training break, the training is gradually more targeted, with higher speeds, flowing gallop phases and demanding terrain, as well as speed changes. 160 km should not be exceeded in two weeks over five rides and the training workload should be reduced to a third about 10 days before each planned competition, with the rides at least a month apart. There is also a lot to learn about the horse - its development, its weaknesses and strengths and what can be improved. It is important to continue working on this even after the mandatory break.
equipment
- Equipment horse
According to the regulations, the equipment of the horse is free, it only has to be roadworthy and adapted to the intended use (i.e. no bridle that restricts the breath and auxiliary reins, except for the hunting martingale).
Both saddles with rigid, as well as those with flexible saddle trees are in use, increasingly treeless saddles. The most important aspect when choosing a saddle girth is avoiding pressure or chafing points. A saddle pad is used for padding. A breastplate prevents the saddle from sliding backwards when riding uphill - a tail strap prevents it from slipping forward when riding downhill. Gaiters and bandages are allowed on the rides, but must be removed for veterinary examinations and also on request or order.
In cold weather and rainy weather, kidney rugs are useful, which can be attached to the back of the saddle and placed on the kidney area and croup when riding. On some rides, it is mandatory to take a horse blanket with you on the horse. Changing blankets, belts or saddles can make sense on rides over 80 km.
- Equipment rider
There is a helmet requirement for all riders on international rides according to FEI guidelines and since November 21, 2010 for national rides in Germany. Otherwise, the rider's equipment is free according to German regulations. All types of riding boots, but also hiking or running shoes, are permitted. Clothing should be comfortable and suitable for the weather. The jacket should be waterproof, breathable, and packable behind the saddle when not in use.
Other items of equipment include a water bottle that can be attached to the saddle and a route map. Mobile phone , GPS , heart rate monitor (for the horse) are useful but dispensable technical items.
- Topo, riding and hiking map
The hiking maps on a scale of 1: 50,000, as published by the state topographies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, are suitable for orientation in the terrain. From OpenStreetMap there is a special "riding and hiking map" in electronic form for use on a GPS device . It contains important information for the rider: horse drinks, overnight accommodation for horse and rider, nature of the paths, trail markings, riding stables, farriers, veterinarians and much more. The terrain contour is shown with contour curves and shading. The map is created by the riders themselves, everyone can draw in their knowledge and make it available to others. The card is under a free license and is free of charge.
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Supervisor / baggage trainer
Supervisors or supervisors can make an important contribution to success, especially on longer routes. The supervisors must take care of the horse and, if necessary, the rider. With appropriate self-organization, successful starts are also possible without helpers.
The tasks of the supervisor include the transport of equipment for the rider and horse and their food, especially with drinking water. The supervisor expects horse and rider at the traffic points approved by the organizer and is responsible for looking after the horse during the specified breaks (approx. Forty minutes for longer distances), e.g. B. for unsaddling, cooling (e.g. washing down), feeding and watering. If the pulse is above 64, the horse can be cooled with water until it falls below the limit value.
organization
The International Equestrian Federation (FEI) acts as the international umbrella organization for endurance riding .
In Switzerland, endurance riding competitions are mainly organized and managed by private organizers and the two national endurance riding clubs Endurance and Swiss Endurance . The endurance management team (LTE) is responsible for the endurance discipline on behalf of the Swiss Equestrian Federation (SVPS). Its tasks are regulated in the SVPS's organizational regulations. The LTE is the link between the SVPS and the athletes in sporting matters.
In Germany, competitions in endurance riding are regulated by the Association of German Endurance Riders and Drivers (VDD), which is affiliated with the German Equestrian Association (FN) and has around 2000 members. In Austria, the discipline is represented by the Federal Association for Riding and Driving in Austria (FENA) and the Association of Austrian Endurance Riders (VÖD).
Competitions and championships
World and European Championships as well as Nations Cups are held by the FEI . In 1998 and 2005, the United Arab Emirates hosted the World Endurance Championships. In 2006 the world championship took place as part of the WEG in Aachen. At the 2010 World Equestrian Games in Kentucky, the German team won the bronze medal. At the World Equestrian Games in Normandy in 2014 , the Spanish team won the gold medal. The distance competition of the World Equestrian Games 2018 in Tyron ended in a fiasco. The ride had to be canceled due to a false start and poor conditions. The riders showed so little sense of responsibility that 53 of the 95 horses had to be given veterinary treatment after the ride and one horse died.
The incidents of the endurance ride in Tryon were part of a series of negative incidents in endurance equestrian sport, which, among other things, led to the temporary exclusion of the United Emirates Association in 2015. As a result, voices were raised calling for the endurance rider to be eliminated from the World Equestrian Games or even a complete exclusion of endurance riding from the FEI.
For years there have been efforts to make endurance riding an Olympic discipline . However, it is considered unlikely that the IOC will take up this equestrian discipline.
Endurance riding in the Arab world
The United Arab Emirates are the largest donors in international distance sports. You are very successful internationally and won gold with the team at the 2010 World Equestrian Games in Lexington (USA). Hamdan bin Muhammad Al Maktum won gold for the Emirates at the 2014 World Equestrian Games in Caen (France).
In the Emirates, Bahrain and Qatar , however, endurance sports are practiced in a different way than in the rest of the world, as the former Belgian endurance rider Pierre Arnould made public in 2013. So there is a controversial "high speed" variant. Numerous cases of fatigue fractures caused by overloading horses have become known. Between 2011 and 2013 several horses died in the Middle East after participating in endurance rides. There have also been cases of fraud where the Emirates Equestrian Federation reported results of qualifying tests to the FEI that did not take place, as British journalist Pippa Cuckson found out. Endurance riding has also suffered from the numerous doping cases in the Arab world. Between 2005 and 2013 the FEI carried out 33 doping tests on Arab distance horses.
The FEI tried to improve conditions in Arab distance sports, but had no success during Haya bint al-Hussein's tenure . As a consequence, now under the presidency of Ingmar De Vos, the equestrian federation of the United Arab Emirates was excluded from the FEI from March 2015 to July 2015 and, after the signing of a legally binding agreement on compliance with the FEI rules, was resumed in national competitions . The 2016 World Endurance Championship was awarded to the Emirates in December 2014, but withdrawn again in early 2016. The reason for this were ten catastrophic injuries in the 2015/2016 season in endurance rides in the United Arab Emirates. Seven horse deaths have been confirmed. Instead, the FEI World Endurance Championships 2016 took place in Slovakia in Šamorín , almost 30 km east of the capital Bratislava .
As in 2017, the German Equestrian Olympics Committee (DOKR) decided again in 2019, due to unpleasant incidents in the last winter season, that German distance pairs are not allowed to take part in the tests in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and demands German organizers not to participate from the Emirates.
See also
literature
- Cornelia Koller: Adventure endurance riding. The challenge for horse and rider. Cadmos, Lüneburg 2002, ISBN 3-86127-368-3 .
- Nancy S. Loving: Distance Sports. Marathon under the saddle. Olms, Hildesheim et al. 2004, ISBN 3-487-08428-7 .
Web links
- Endurance riding club Endurance DvE
- Swiss Endurance Equestrian Association SDV
- Association of German Endurance Riders and Drivers eV
- Endurance riding at the FENA
- Riding and hiking map ( description in the wiki )
- Link catalog on endurance riding at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ VDD: Regulations for Endurance Riding and Driving ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 128 kB), page 2. Accessed: December 17, 2010
- ↑ Endurance Eeglement ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 2007 edition, as of January 1, 2013
- ↑ VDD: Regulations for Endurance Riding and Driving ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 128 kB), pages 14–15. Accessed December 17, 2010
- ↑ VDD: Regulations for Endurance Riding and Driving ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 128 kB), pages 6–11. Accessed December 17, 2010
- ↑ VDD: Regulations for Endurance Riding and Driving ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 128 kB), page 3. Accessed: December 17, 2010
- ↑ VDD: Regulations for Endurance Riding and Driving ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 128 kB), page 3. Accessed: December 17, 2010
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ VDD: Rules For Endurance Events 7th edition, effective 1st January 2009 Updated 1st of January 2011 ( Memento of the original from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 376 kB), page 7 Article 809 - DRESS CODE Paragraph 809.1
- ↑ VDD: Regulations for Endurance Riding and Driving ( Memento of the original from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 129 kB), page 3, chapter 2.6. Accessed October 10, 2011
- ↑ Endurance riding at the World Cup: Riding to the point of kidney failure , Gabriele Pochhammer / Süddeutsche Zeitung, September 21, 2018
- ↑ Endurance sports: Unauthorized medication discovered in Sheikh Mohammed's stud ( memento of the original from September 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Diana Maier, Cavallo, September 19, 2013
- ^ Doping issues and horse deaths may lead to ban endurance racing warns Pierre Arnould , Pippa Cuckson, The Telegraph, October 16, 2013
- ↑ Pierre Arnould's anti-doping stance in endurance racing is backed on forums around the world , Pippa Cuckson, The Telegraph, October 21, 2013
- ↑ FEI are working to address doping and horse deaths in endurance racing, says Ingmar De Vos , Pippa Cuckson, The Telegraph, October 18, 2013
- ↑ Shocking excesses in endurance riding: the Swiss find clear words , Pamela Sladky, Pferderevue, 25 February 2015
- ↑ FEI suspends FN of the United Arab Emirates , St. Georg, March 12, 2015
- ^ FEI: United Arab Emirates resumed , St Georg, July 27, 2015
- ↑ FEI Calendar , accessed on September 26, 2015
- ↑ FEI Championships Finals 2015-2020 ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Dubai loses the Endurance World Championships Sara Peschke, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, April 8, 2016
- ↑ WM Samorin 2016 , Christian Lüke, September 19, 2016, distanzreiten.com
- ↑ DOKR: No more starts for Germany's endurance riders in Dubai , St. Georg, February 16, 2017
- ↑ No tournaments in the United Arab Emirates for German endurance riders , Jana Herrmann, St. Georg , December 14, 2018
