World Equestrian Games 2018

World Equestrian Games 2018
Venue:	Mill Spring , North Carolina , United States
Sports facility:	Tryon International Equestrian Center
Participating equestrians:	over 600 with more than 650 horses
Internet:	tryon2018.com

The 2018 World Equestrian Games ( FEI World Equestrian Games 2018 ) took place from September 11 to 23, 2018 at the Tryon International Equestrian Center in North Carolina . For the second time after 2010, the World Equestrian Games were hosted in the United States of America .

The 2018 World Equestrian Games were the world championships in the following eight equestrian disciplines:

• Endurance riding
• Dressage riding
• Para-dressage (dressage riding for riders with disabilities)
• Reining
• Show jumping
• Eventing riding
• Driving four in hand
• Vaulting

venue

The Tryon International Equestrian Center belongs to the area of ​​the unincorporated community of Mill Spring in Polk County , whose settlement core is about ten kilometers to the west. The next larger towns are, also in a westerly direction, Columbus , 14 kilometers away, and Tryon, which gives it its name, a good 20 kilometers away .

The equestrian center is located in the wooded area on US Route 74. The Tryon International Equestrian Center was built on behalf of a group of investors around Mark Bellissimo, owner of the Palm Beach International Equestrian Center in Wellington (Florida) . The facility was opened in 2014, and since then more than ten international horse shows have been held here every year. Including national tournaments and competitions of other equestrian sports, competitions are held here 42 weekends a year.

The equestrian center includes stables for 1200 horses and twelve riding arenas. The competition venues for the individual sports are close together, according to the organizers a maximum of ten minutes' walk.

organization

Award

The 2018 World Equestrian Games were awarded for the first time in June 2014. Shortly before, Wellington (Florida) with the Palm Beach International Equestrian Center withdrew as a candidate. The World Equestrian Federation (FEI) had to choose between two organizers, both from North America: Lexington , the host of the 2010 World Equestrian Games, and Bromont , the venue for most of the equestrian competitions of the 1976 Summer Olympics . The Bromont Olympic Equestrian Park was awarded the contract.

Two years later the FEI was again without an organizer: the organizers in Bromont had received financial commitments from the regional government, but not, as planned, from the Canadian federal government. Since the organizers were unable to find the necessary financial resources, the contract with the FEI was terminated by mutual agreement.

Despite the now tight schedule, the FEI was able to present a new organizer four months later: With the Tryon International Equestrian Center, it was a North American venue. Tryon already had completed sports facilities for almost all competitions of the World Equestrian Games. Due to the climatic conditions in North Carolina, it was decided to postpone the date for the World Equestrian Games a good half a month.

One problem in finding a replacement venue was the FEI's close ties to sponsors Longines . Almost all of the large tournament venues equipped for equestrian multi-sport events have been cooperating with its rivals Rolex for years , such as Aachen , Wellington, Lexington and Tryon. The organizers of Tryon reached an agreement with Rolex, which withdrew from the tournament grounds in favor of the possibility of holding the 2018 World Equestrian Games for the duration of the event.

Test tournaments

Despite the large number of annual equestrian events, five test events were carried out: The show jumpers started with a CSI  3 * at the end of October 2017. Two test events followed in April 2018: from April 4th to 8th, the vaulters and eventing riders started, two weeks later four-in-hand driver, dressage and para-dressage rider. The Reiner graduated from May 10-13, 2018.

The riding arena for the vaulters and reins was not yet completely finished in April 2018, the roof had only been put on shortly before. Nevertheless, Emma Seely, Chef d'Equipe of the US vaulting team, was enthusiastic about the directly adjacent stables and the training opportunities.

Most of the test events were from North American athletes. In order to test the processes, the competitions were carried out in the same way as they will take place at the World Equestrian Games - for example, the eventing dressage spread over two days.

Unfinished infrastructure

The observations made during the test events turned out to be correct: the short preparation time of less than two years turned out to be too short. Although there was already an extensive equestrian infrastructure in Tryon, the athletes found a construction site in the first week of the World Equestrian Games.

While good stables were available for all horses, the conditions for their most important caregivers were poor: all accommodation on the site intended for people had not yet been completed. While riders, functionaries and the press could be distributed to overnight accommodations in the wider area, this was out of the question for the grooms. Therefore, containers and tents were set up on the site as collective accommodation for the carers.

Construction work continued on the site even during the competition days, so that there was a lot of rubble and construction waste to be found on the site. The marks left by the construction machines ensured that the distance riders had deep holes and were difficult to prepare. The building intended for the VIP visitors to Muhammad bin Raschid Al Maktum on the endurance trail was still a shell. Other facilities, such as the entrance to the VIP area of ​​the main stadium, were completed during the first week of the tournament.

Competitions

Schedule and weather conditions

The 2018 World Equestrian Games are slightly shorter than those of 2014, the program consists of 13 instead of 16 days. On the evening of September 11th the opening ceremony was on the program, from September 12th the sports competitions took place. In the first week the endurance riders, the Reiner and the dressage riders were at the start.

previously predicted orbit of hurricane / tropical cyclone "Florence" over North Carolina

The former hurricane, now tropical cyclone "Florence" , led to significant changes in the schedule: From Saturday evening (September 15) to Sunday there should be heavy rains, which make it impossible to carry out competitions on Sunday in the forecast. On Saturday, the sports program was streamlined by bringing the reining finals forward and reducing the start intervals between the riders on the eventing day. This meant that the outdoor competitions could be completed by 3:30 p.m. and those in the hall until around 5:30 p.m.

The competitions scheduled for Sunday should be rescheduled on Monday. This day was originally intended as a day of rest between the two stages of the World Equestrian Games. Since the departure of the European dressage horses already took place on Monday evening, several associations spoke out against organizing the Grand Prix Freestyle on Monday, and alternative solutions that had been considered on Saturday, for example, did not come about. Thus, after the individual and team decision in endurance riding, the individual freestyle evaluation of the dressage riders was also omitted. The storm did not hit the site of the World Equestrian Games, so that Sunday was only characterized by intense rain and the eventing riders were able to carry out their constitutional examination in the afternoon. The eventing jump took place on Monday as planned.

Before and after Florence, the World Equestrian Games were characterized by very warm weather. While there was still high humidity on the day of the endurance ride in the first week, the competitions were again (dry and cloudless) over 30 ° C in the middle of the second week.

The second week of the World Equestrian Games started on September 18. This is where the decisions in para-dressage, vaulting and show jumping take place. On the final day, the competitions end around 1:30 p.m. with the final of the show jumping riders, followed by the closing ceremony of the World Equestrian Games.

	Sept. 11	Sept. 12	Sept. 13	Sept. 14	Sept. 15	16 Sept	17th Sept	Sept. 18	19 Sept	Sept. 20	Sept. 21	Sept. 22	23 Sept
Ceremonies	opening celebration												acquisition celebration
Endurance riding		X
dressage		E / M	E / M	E.		X
Para-dressage								E.	E.	M.	M.	E.
Reining		E / M	E.		E.
Leap									E / M	E / M	E / M		E.
versatility			E / M	E / M	E / M		E / M
Driving four in hand											E / M	E / M	E / M
Vaulting								E / M	E / M / P	E / P		E / M

Legend:

• E: Examination of the individual evaluation
• M: Examination of the team ranking
• P: pas de deux exam
• X: Missed or aborted exams
• the blue fields represent days with exams, the gold fields the day of the respective decision

Endurance riding

• 126 starter pairs from 40 nations, 29 teams

The participating nations had the opportunity to send five endurance riders with their horses to the World Equestrian Games, of which the best three results per team would be included in the evaluation. Individual and team decisions should be held in a competition.

The route of the endurance ride at the World Equestrian Games was planned to be 160 kilometers (approx. 100 miles). It was divided into six loop-shaped sections (called loops). Between the individual sections, veterinary examinations were carried out at the so-called " VetGates " with mandatory breaks for the horses.

Course of the distance competition

The endurance ride on the first day of the exam turned into a fiasco. The track was privately owned by several owners; the organizers of the 2018 World Equestrian Games had only been given a right of use for one day. The consequence of this was that the riders could not explore the route beforehand. They only received maps with elevation profiles in advance. The participants were not given the exact starting point of the ride. Also, not all riders started at the same time as planned, two groups started separately with a 15-minute delay. The stewards had sent more riders to the supposed start of the wrong car. The ride was then canceled after the first loop.

The ride was restarted after a break of 45 minutes after the arrival of the last horse from the first loop. The distance was shortened to 120 kilometers. In the newly started race only 95 of the original 126 pairs were again at the start.

Shortly after the restart, heavy rain set in, so that the soil conditions deteriorated. Together with temperatures of over 30 ° C and high humidity, this resulted in very difficult conditions. In addition, because of the announced storm, the prescribed recovery phase for the horses was shortened from 20 to 15 minutes after each loop. Two loops after the restart, the ride was finally canceled.

After the demolition, some riders and supervisors were so upset with the FEI officials that the local police intervened. After the race, 53 of the 95 horses had to receive veterinary treatment. 32 horses had to be given infusions of 20 to 40 liters due to dehydration. Kidney problems were found in two horses, including the Anglo-Arabian gelding Barack Obama owned by New Zealand rider Jenny Champion. The gelding was ultimately euthanized because of these acute problems.

The incidents of the endurance ride in Tryon were part of a series of negative incidents in endurance equestrian sport, which, among other things, led to the temporary exclusion of the United Emirates Association in 2015. As a result, voices were raised calling for the endurance rider to be eliminated from the World Equestrian Games or even a complete exclusion of endurance riding from the FEI.

Reining

• 62 starter pairs from 20 nations, 12 teams

In the reining competitions, the participating nations were able to send four riders each with one horse to Tryon.

The team competition was no longer held over two days as in 2014, but in two sections in the morning and in the afternoon / evening on September 12th. The best three results of each team were included in the evaluation. The team with the highest total number of points won the team gold medal.

This team test also counted as the first partial test for the individual evaluation. The best 15 riders in this test were directly qualified for the individual finals. The participants ranked in places 16 to 35 advanced to a second qualification test. From this test, the five best riders qualified for the individual final, in which 20 rider-horse combinations would have been eligible to start by default. The medal winners of the individual evaluation were determined exclusively on the basis of the result of the individual final.

Team ranking

A few days before the start of the World Equestrian Games, Gina Maria Schumacher had to cancel her participation due to an infection of her horse Gotta Nifty Gun . For the World Champion of Young Riders 2017, the World Equestrian Games would have been her first international senior championship. Maria Till, who had also participated in the Young Rider Championships last year, moved up to the German team for her.

The victory in the team competition went safely and as expected to the hosts. All four US riders came under the best seven results of this competition. Belgium benefited from the strong result of its final rider Bernard Fonck, through which the Belgian team won silver by five points. The competition for bronze was tight, with only two points between the results of Brazil, Austria and Germany. With Peppy Diamond, the last Austrian rider Rudi Kronsteiner had the chance to secure the medal for his home country. His result of 225.0 was one of the best of the day, but it was just not enough for Austria. Germany achieved third place with a total of 666.5 points.

space	country	Riders and horses	Points
1	United States		681.0
		Casey Deary with Heavy Duty Chex	(223.5)
		Cade McCutcheon with Custom Made Gun	229.0
		Daniel L. Huss with Ms Dreamy	226.5
		Jordan Larson with Gunnabeabigstar	225.5
2	Belgium		671.5
		Dries Verschueren with Smart N Sparkin	219.5
		Ann Poels with Made in Walla	225.5
		Cira Baeck with Gunners Snappy Chic	(215.0)
		Bernard Fonck with What a Wave	226.5
3	Germany		666.5
		Grischa Ludwig with reputation Lil Diamond	223.5
		Markus Süchting with Spotlight Charly	222.0
		Robin Schoeller with Wimpy Kaweah	(220.0)
		Julia Schumacher with Coeurs Little Tyke	221.0
4th	Austria		666.0
		Markus Morawitz with Gunners Chic Magnet	(216.5)
		Anna Lisec with This Wimps So Fly	220.5
		Martin Mühlstätter with Blo Gun	220.5
		Rudi Kronsteiner with Peppy Diamond	225.0
5	Brazil		664.5
		Marcelo Almeida da Silva with Mahogany Whiz	(216.0)
		João Felipe Andrade CS Lacerda with Gunner Dun It Again	221.5
		Franco Bertolani with Wimpys Littlecolonel	220.5
		Thiago Boechat with Frozen Enterprize	222.5
6th	Italy		659.5
	France		659.5
8th	Australia		656.5
9	Netherlands		648.5
10	Canada		648.0
11	Mexico		637.0
12	Chile		208.5

Individual evaluation

In the team competition, three riders were tied in 14th place, so that the number of riders who qualified directly for the individual final from this test increased to 16. In the second qualification test, Martin Mühlstätter was able to achieve 223 points with Blo Gun and thus win this test. The competition for the four other qualifying places for the individual finals was tight: There was only a 1.0 point difference between the qualifying fifth place and ninth place. In this test, too, there were two riders tied on the last qualifying place for the final, so that the starting field in the final was not 20, but 22 pairs of participants.

In the individual final, the results of two riders stood out from the rest of the starting field: The individual gold medal did not go to an American, but to the Belgian Bernard Fonck and his chestnut stallion What a Wave with 227.0 points. Only 0.5 points behind Daniel L. Huss won silver.

As in various other places in the field of participants, which are closely related in terms of performance, there was also a tie between two riders and their horses in third place. The American Cade McCutcheon and the Brazilian João Felipe Andrade Lacerda both had 225.0 points. In order to be able to award the bronze medal, a so-called run-off, i.e. a jump-off , was carried out between the two . The same pattern had to be ridden again, i.e. the same task as in the individual finals. Lacerda achieved the top result of 227.0 points. But the only 18-year-old McCutcheon, with the support of the local audience, managed to surpass this: 228.0 points earned him and his palomino stallion Custom Made Gun Bronze.

Martin Mühlstätter, who moved up over the second qualification test, finished fifth as the best Austrian. Grischa Ludwig, the most successful German that day, presented the best horse that does not belong to the American Quarter Horse breed : With the Paint Horse fox mare Ruf Lil Diamond , he came in eighth.

rank	equestrian	horse	Points	Run-off points
1	Bernard Fonck	What a wave	227.0
2	Daniel L. Huss	Ms. Dreamy	226.5
3	Cade McCutcheon	Custom Made Gun	225.0	228.0
4th	João Felipe Andrade CS Lacerda	Gunner Dun It Again	225.0	227.0
5	Manuel Cortesi	Sliderina for me	224.5
	Martin Mühlstätter	Blo Gun	224.5
7th	Thiago Boechat	Frozen Enterprize	223.0
8th	Grischa Ludwig	Call Lil Diamond	222.5
	Mirjam Stillo	Ruff Spook	222.5
10	Mathieu Buton	Gunna Sassya	222.0
	...
16	Markus Suchting	Spotlight Charly	220.0
	...
21st	Rudi Kronsteiner	Peppy Diamond	214.5
22nd	Julia Schumacher	Coeurs Little Tyke	203.0

dressage

• 77 starter pairs from 31 nations, 15 teams

The participating nations were able to send four dressage riders each with one horse to the World Equestrian Games.

The first partial test was the Grand Prix de Dressage , in which all dressage riders participating in the World Equestrian Games competed. This exam was held over two days. Each team consisted of three or four riders from one nation, of which the three best results went into the team ranking. The team medals were awarded on the basis of this team ranking.

The 30 best participants from the Grand Prix de Dressage qualified for the Grand Prix Spécial . The individual medals of the Grand Prix Spécial were awarded based on the results of this test.

These should remain the only individual medals in dressage at the World Equestrian Games. Due to the effects of the tropical cyclone “Florence” and scheduling problems, no Grand Prix Freestyle was held. For these, the top 15 of the individual ranking of the Grand Prix Spécial would have been eligible (exception: if more than three riders from one or more nations had made it into the top 15 of the Grand Prix Spécial, the lowest-placed fourth rider of the respective nation would not be on the Grand Prix Freestyle. For this, another rider would have moved up after the Grand Prix Spécial was placed).

Team ranking

At the end of August 2018 it was announced that the single bronze pair of the European Championships 2017 , Cathrine Dufour and Cassidy , would not take part in the World Equestrian Games due to a minor injury to the horse. This also weakened the Danish team, which had won silver at the European Championships.

All teams competed with four riders. The United States got the last place on the grid and finished each group of team riders in the starting order. After the first day with two riders each, the German team was in the lead, followed by Sweden and the United States in second and third.

Great Britain remembered its medal ambitions with the ride of its third couple, Carl Hester and the 10-year-old gelding Delicato , with 77.283 percent it initially showed the best result. But this changed already on the next ride, with Sönke Rothenberger and Cosmo it came to a result of over 80 percent for the first time that day.

With the fourth riders of the teams, Charlotte Dujardin was initially able to fulfill the hopes placed in her: Her nine-year-old Hanoverian mare Freestyle had to face major international competition for the first time in Tryon and achieved well over 77 percent. Sweden's final rider Patrik Kittel, who also rode a young mare, was able to convince with over 78 percent. But it was no longer enough to win a team medal, bronze went to Great Britain by a narrow margin. Laura Graves and Verdades were the last couple in the Grand Prix to achieve a result of 81.537 percent and thus the silver medal for the hosts. But the highest result went to Bella Rose , ridden by Isabell Werth. Four years after her last championship, the mare had 84.829 percent. This means that the German dressage team has won almost ten percent.

space	country	Riders and horses	percent
1	Germany		242,950
		Jessica von Bredow-Werndl with TSF Dalera BB	76.677
		Dorothee Schneider with Sammy Davis Jr.	(75,062)
		Sönke Rothenberger with Cosmo	81.444
		Isabell Werth with Bella Rose	84.829
2	United States		233,136
		Steffen Peters with Soup Kasper	(73,494)
		Adrienne Lyle with Salvino	74.860
		Kasey Perry-Glass with doublet	76.739
		Laura Graves with Verdades	81,537
3	Great Britain		229.628
		Spencer Wilton with Super Nova II	74,581
		Emile Faurie with Dono di Maggio	(72,795)
		Carl Hester with Delicato	77.283
		Charlotte Dujardin with Mount St John Freestyle	77.764
4th	Sweden		229.456
		Tinne Vilhelmson Silfvén with Don Auriello	(73,106)
		Juliette Ramel with Buriel	75.248
		Therese Nilshagen with Dante Weltino OLD	76.009
		Patrik Kittel with Well Done de la Roche	78.199
5	Netherlands		223.664
		Madeleine Witte-Vrees with Cennin	72.966
		Hans Peter Minderhoud with Dream Boy	73.509
		Emmelie Scholtens with Apache	(72,733)
		Edward Gal with Zonik	77.189
6th	Spain		220.186
		Juan Matute Guimón with Quantico	(68,494)
		Beatriz Ferrer salad with delgado	72.919
		Claudio Castilla Ruiz with Alcaide	72.686
		Severo Jurado López with Deep Impact	74,581
7th	Denmark		216,584
		Rikke Svane with Finckenstein TSF	70.233
		Unlike Dahl with rare	(68,758)
		Betina Jæger with Belstaff	70.140
		Daniel Bachmann Andersen with Zack	76.211
8th	Australia		210.016
		Alexis Hellyer with Floreno	(67,360)
		Brett Parbery with Weltmieser	70.109
		Mary Hanna with Boogie Woogie	68.323
		Kristy Oatley with Du Soleil	71,584
9	Belgium		207.499
		Fanny fell in love with Indoctro van de Steenblok	67.981
		Isabel Cool with Aranco V	(given up)
		Jeroen Devroe with Eres	68.540
		Laurence Roos with Fil Rouge	70.978
10	Russia		207.065
		Yevgenia Davydova with Awakening	(63,276)
		Jelena Sidnewa with Fuhur	64,953
		Tatjana Kosterina with Diavolessa	69.472
		Inessa Merkulowa with Mister X	72.640
11	Canada		206.538
12	Portugal		202.935
13	Switzerland		200.202
		Caroline Häcki with Rigoletto Royal CH	63,540
		Birgit Wientzek Pläge with Robinvale	67.842
		Antonella Joannou with Dandy de la Roche CH	68.820
		Estelle Wettstein with a West Side Story	(62,019)
14th	Japan		199.797
15th	Brazil		193,900

Individual classification: Grand Prix Spécial

From the block of the first eight riders until the first break, Judy Reynolds achieved the best result with her 16-year-old gelding Vancouver K. With almost 74 percent it was enough to rank 15th in the final result. Reynolds was the first Irish woman who had qualified for the Grand Prix Freestyle at a world championship.

In the second quarter, Tinne Vilhelmson Silfvén achieved 71.632 percent with the recovered 16-year-old Don Auriello . For the gelding, Tryon was the third international tournament this year and only the third tournament since the 2016 Olympic Games. The Westphalian Delgado by Beatriz Ferrer-Salat was another year older than 74 percent and was thus 13th.

With the first horse of the third quarter of the starting field, they met the first pair of participants placed in the top ten: Therese Nilshagen contested her second international championship in Tryon, as in the previous year she rode the black stallion Dante Weltino OLD . The couple got off to a strong start and received a nine from one of the judges twice in the first three lessons. She was able to set high marks several times in a strong trot against mistakes in the two-for-one changes. At 75.821 percent, it was still not up to the performance that brought Nilshagen to fifth place at the European Championships last year. Her 30-year-old compatriot Juliette Ramel, on the other hand, was able to achieve her best championship result after the junior / young rider age: While she finished 28th at the 2016 Olympic Games with Buriel , it was enough for eighth place in Tryon. In particular, the piaffes and passages brought the couple notes up to 9.5.

For Dorothee Schneider's 12-year-old gelding Sammy Davis Jr. , Tryon was the number two championship in his career. Despite accidental changes of two in the single substitutions, the harmonious ride was convincing, 75.608 percent brought eleventh place. Jessica von Bredow-Werndl's young mare Dalera , on the other hand, lacked the strength for the demanding Grand Prix Spécial one day after the Grand Prix. Due to weaknesses in piaffes and in single changes, it was enough for 73.875 percent.

After top results at the CHIO Aachen , Kasey Perry-Glass and Dublet achieved a strong result of 78.541 percent in front of their home crowd. On the other hand, without appearing before major international competition, Carl Hester's young gelding Delicato showed himself to be a horse for big tasks. With a large number of 8-point grades in almost all lessons, it was enough for a total of 77.219 percent, despite errors in the unit changes. Edward Gal's stallion Zonik showed himself to be in better contact than in the spring at the World Cup finals in Paris . With 77.751 percent, they delivered by far the best result of the Dutch squad.

Patrik Kittel was able to get close to the medal ranks , although he was also riding a horse who was only ten years old, the mare Well Done de la Roche . Laura Graves followed him, she and her 16-year-old Verdades managed the first ride of the day, which was rewarded with (well) over 80 percent. Sönke Rothenberger drove to Tryon with the hope of a possible gold medal. But unlike in the Grand Prix, where it was at least third place, he and Cosmo made too many mistakes in the Grand Prix Spécial. There were mistakes in both single-change tours, and in the piaffes, too, both failed to perform well. 81.277 percent and thus almost half a percent behind Graves were only enough for fourth place.

Charlotte Dujardin slipped between the two. The starting position was comparable to that of her trainer Carl Hester: Her mare Freestyle , which was only nine years old , had not previously had to withstand any international comparison. With a result of 81.489 percent, she proved to be a worthy successor to former world champion Valegro , who had retired from tournament sport . The 14-year-old chestnut mare Bella Rose and Isabell Werth became new world champions . As in the Grand Prix, both won by a large margin, with a number of 10-point scores making it a total of 86.246 percent.

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Isabell Werth	Bella Rose	86.246%
2	Laura Graves	Verdades	81.717%
3	Charlotte Dujardin	Mount St John Freestyle	81.489%
4th	Sönke Rothenberger	Cosmo	81.277%
5	Patrik Kittel	Well done de la Roche	79.726%
6th	Kasey Perry-Glass	Doublet	78.541%
7th	Edward Gal	Zonik	77.751%
8th	Juliette Ramel	Buriel	77.280%
9	Carl Hester	Delicato	77.219%
10	Therese Nilshagen	Dante Weltino OLD	75.821%
11	Dorothee Schneider	Sammy Davis Jr.	75.608%
12	Kristy Oatley	You soleil	74.605%
13	Beatriz Ferrer Salad	Delgado	74.103%
	Claudio Castilla Ruiz	Alcaide	74.103%
15th	Judy Reynolds	Vancouver K	73.982%
16	Jessica von Bredow-Werndl	TSF Dalera BB	73.875%

versatility

• 83 starter pairs from 23 nations, 16 teams

In eventing, the nations were able to send five riders each with one horse to the World Equestrian Games. Four participants per nation formed the team in eventing, of which the three best results entered the team classification.

The tasks that the riders and horses had to cope with in Tryon corresponded to those of a CCI 4 * test. After the eventing dressage on Thursday and Friday of the first week, it was on the Saturday of that week on the cross-country course.

The decision in individual and team evaluation was made in the jumping test, which had been postponed to Monday (September 17th). The minus points achieved in the three partial exams were added up and the sets of medals awarded on the basis of these results.

Partial dressage test

A change that came into force at the beginning of 2018 had a major impact on the result after dressage: The difference between 100 percent and the percentage result achieved by a rider in dressage was no longer calculated with a coefficient of 1.5. Instead, this difference now directly formed the minus point result. This procedure has the consequence that the distances after the dressage are smaller and the importance of the dressage for the overall result decreases. Julia Krajewski was in the lead with 80.115 percent after an outstanding dressage with Chipmunk FRH, Ingrid Klimke followed in second with 76.724 percent. According to the new regulations, this led to a gap of 3.4 minus points between the riders; according to the old set of rules, the gap would have already been 5.1 minus points.

30 rider-horse pairs received from the judges in the dressage a result of 70 percent or better and thus 30 or less minus points. As expected, the German team was in the lead after the dressage, but the lead was only 7.4 minus points ahead of Great Britain.

Partial test terrain

The off-road course planned by Mark Phillips was widely praised: The 5.7 kilometer long course was visually appealing, offered several (up to five) alternative paths at many obstacles and thus provided good images of the versatility. A first special feature was found between obstacles two and three of the cross-country course, here the riders had to cross a bridge over a valley. From obstacle three onwards, the riders circled a lake, the shallow bank area of ​​which was the first water ridden at obstacles 6 and 7AB. In a loop (obstacles 8 and 9ABC) the participants had to cope with a first steep incline, followed by an equally demanding incline, before the next water hit with obstacle 10. The triangular obstacles in the water, designed as the bow of a ship, were tricky, followed by wooden palisades that were washed over by smaller waterfalls. This passage was recognized by many riders as a problem, many chose a longer path with a flat water ride without a waterfall.

Between obstacles 12 and 13 and after obstacles 15 and 17, the river valley was crossed three more times with bridges. Obstacle 14BCD (CSX Junction) put a number of narrow corners in the way of the couples, at obstacle 18BC there are narrow brushes designed as squirrels or gray squirrels . Obstacle 20ABC was the third and final water crossing. Here Phillips designed the obstacle parts A and C as classic water hazards, which, however, had outwardly tapering water fountains on both sides as a visual distraction, obstacle part B was the crossing under a wooden bridge over the water. This wooden bridge was also available as a longer alternative to bypassing the water. Behind this water began the big, last climb up to the main station, in which riders and horses only an easier obstacle and the goal awaited.

Due to the expected heavy rain in the evening, the starting order in the area was changed, instead of every four minutes a rider was sent to the course every three minutes. Of the 81 riders and horses who started, only eight were eliminated, only one rider gave up. Kai Rüder was already the third rider to start as the first German team rider. Without being able to orientate himself on other rides, Rüder rode at a moderate pace and exceeded the ideal time of 10:00 minutes by 43 seconds. In the course of the test, this turned out to be too much, the 17.2 resulting minus points threw him far back (45th place after the terrain). Julia Krajewski, in the lead after dressage, was one of the few well-placed riders who had a runner and thus 20 penalty points. Andreas Dibowski's young mare Corrida was no longer as lively at the end of the off-road course and, like Rüder, got a number of minus points for exceeding the allowed time. Ingrid Klimke stayed in the area without mistakes or exceeded the time and was able to keep her dressage result of 23.3 minus points.

For the best Swiss after dressage, Felix Vogg, the off-road day was unhappy, he came up with the worst terrain result of all riders who finished the cross-country course: 90 minus points for refusals and exceeding the ideal time by 1.24 minutes Result to 159.20 minus points. Switzerland was only at the start with three riders and therefore relied on every team result. Robin Godel and Patrizia Attinger also collected double-digit minus points in the area, so that after the area, Switzerland was lagging behind in last place. Two nations finished the area with an ideal result: Ireland was able to cancel 3.6 minus points from Cathal Daniels, while all four team riders from Great Britain came out of the area without any minus point. In the interim result after two partial tests, Great Britain was ahead of Ireland and France, Germany fell back to sixth place. Japan already showed itself in Olympic form, which had achieved solid dressage results as an outsider and only scored 6.8 minus points in the field. This pushed the Japanese into fourth place in the interim ranking.

Partial jumping test

One day late due to cyclone Florence, 70 riders and horses still competed in the last partial test. Two riders withdrew their horses before the constitutional examination the day before. Among them was Anna Freskgård, whose mare Box Qutie suffered a tendon injury at the last obstacle of the off-road course. After the horse's health initially improved, the condition deteriorated significantly in the middle of the second week of the World Equestrian Games. The decision was then made to euthanize the mare.

The eventing riders' jumping on Monday took place over a demanding course that was manageable for all participating riders and horses. The obstacle height was up to 1.30 meters, the 555 meters had to be overcome in 89 seconds. There were hardly any negative points for exceeding the time, but the obstacle errors threw up the field of participants, which were close together. The three Swiss riders had another 19 minus points and could not leave the last team rank. The US-American team got 12 minus points three times in jumping, only their best placed rider Phillip Dutton could remain without mistakes and thus secure his 13th place in the individual ranking. Despite the large number of mistakes, the team was able to hold eighth place. Unlike Sweden, the runner-up European champions of 2017, only three of them slipped from seventh to ninth.

The result of 26 minus points in the jumping of Emma McNab and Fernhill Tabasco was bitter for Australia . The result, which was good up to now, thus became a cancellation result, the team slipped one place in the ranking. For the German team, Julia Krajewski's result remained the discarded result, two mistakes increased it to 56.3 minus points. With Australia slipping, Germany finished the World Cup in fifth place. Japan and France were able to hold their fourth and third place over the jumping.

The individual and team decisions remained open until the end of the jump, which took place in reverse order of the individual result. Sarah Ennis as the third from last starter still had the opportunity to keep the prospect of a team gold medal for Ireland open. But she made an obstacle error, her compatriot Padraig McCarthy stayed in the lead in the individual standings. With that she not only lost the chance of an individual medal, but also gave the British team a lead of 4.2 minus points over their last rider, Rosalind Canter. Canter and her 13-year-old Allstar B made no mistakes, securing team gold for Great Britain. In addition, she put Ingrid Klimke under pressure, who had a lead of only 1.3 minus points. But Klimke seemed to master the jumping course flawlessly with her Oldenburg gelding Hale Bob . But a pole fell at the last obstacle, four minus points caused Klimke to fall back to bronze. The individual title went to 32-year-old Briton Rosalind Canter at what was only her second international championship.

Team ranking

space	country	Riders and horses	Minus points
			dressage	terrain	Leap	total
1	Great Britain					88.80
		Rosalind Canter Allstar B	24.60	0.00	0.00	24.60
		Piggy French Quarrycrest Echo	27.80	0.00	4.00	31.80
		Tom McEwen Toledo de Kerser	28.40	0.00	4.00	32.40
		Gemma Tattersall Arctic Soul	32.40	0.00	12.00	(44.40)
2	Ireland					93.00
		Padraig McCarthy Mr. Chunky	27.20	0.00	0.00	27.20
		Sarah Ennis Stellor Rebound	26.30	0.00	4.00	30.30
		Sam Watson Ardagh Highlight	35.50	0.00	0.00	35.50
		Cathal Daniels Rioghan Rua	34.00	3.60	4.00	(41.60)
3	France					99.80
		Thibaut Vallette Qing du Briot	25.60	1.20	4.00	30.80
		Maxime Livio Opium de Verrieres	30.10	2.00	0.00	32.10
		Sidney Dufresne Vault Mail	28.90	4.00	4.00	36.90
		Donatien Schauly Pivoine des Touches	29.30	10.00	0.00	(39.30)
4th	Japan					113.90
		Toshiyuki Tanaka Talma d'Allou	33.70	0.80	1.00	35.50
		Yoshiaki Ōiwa Calle	28.20	6.00	4.00	38.20
		Kazuma Tomoto Tacoma d'Horset	32.20	0.00	8.00	40.20
		Ryuzo Kitajima Queen Mary	32.00	43.80	0.00	(75.80)
5	Germany					118.20
		Ingrid Klimke Hale Bob OLD	23.30	0.00	4.00	27.30
		Andreas Dibowski FRH Corrida	30.30	13.20	0.00	43.50
		Kai Rüder Colani Sunrise	30.20	17.20	0.00	47.40
		Julia Krajewski Chipmunk FRH	19.90	28.40	8.00	(56.30)
6th	Australia					135.80
		Andrew Hoy Vassily de Lassos	29.80	0.00	0.00	29.80
		Christopher Burton Cooley Lands	28.60	20.00	0.00	48.60
		Shane Rose Virgil	29.40	28.00	0.00	57.40
		Emma McNab Fernhill Tabasco	27.00	6.80	26.00	(59.80)
7th	New Zealand					142.20
		Tim Price Cekatinka	27.20	0.00	4.00	31.20
		Jonelle Price Classic Moet	30.00	0.00	8.00	38.00
		Mark Todd McClaren	31.40	37.60	4.00	73.00
		Blyth Tait Dassett Courage	29.70	eliminated	-	(1030.70)
8th	United States					145.00
		Phillip Dutton Z.	27.60	6.40	0.00	34.00
		Lynn Symansky Donner	28.30	0.00	12.00	40.30
		Boyd Martin Tsetserleg	27.10	31.60	12.00	70.70
		William Coleman Tight Lines	35.60	51.60	12.00	(99.20)
9	Sweden					155.50
10	Netherlands					157.60
11	Canada					158.70
12	Italy					164.30
13	Belgium					166.60
14th	Spain					175.80
15th	Brazil					217.70
16	Switzerland					332.70
		Robin Godel Grandeur de Lully CH	34.20	38.40	4.00	76.60
		Patrizia Attinger Hilton P	37.70	51.20	8.00	96.90
		Felix Vogg Colero	28.60	123.60	7.00	159.20

Individual evaluation

In the event of a tie in the end result, the time of the cross-country ride, which was closer to the ideal time of 10.00 minutes, decided the front placement.

rank	equestrian	horse	Minus points
			dressage	terrain	Leap	total
1	Rosalind Canter	Allstar B	24.60	0.00	0.00	24.60
2	Padraig McCarthy	Mr. Chunky	27.20	0.00	0.00	27.20
3	Ingrid Klimke	Hale Bob OLD	23.30	0.00	4.00	27.30
4th	Andrew Hoy	Vassily de Lassos	29.80	0.00	0.00	29.80
5	Sarah Ennis	Stellor rebound	26.30	0.00	4.00	30.30
6th	Thibaut Vallette	Qing you briot	25.60	1.20	4.00	30.80
7th	Astier Nicolas	Vinci de la Vigne	27.20	0.00 (10:00 min)	4.00	31.20
8th	Tim Price	Cekatinka	27.20	0.00 (9:55 min)	4.00	31.20
9	Kristina Cook	Billy the Red	29.10	2.40	0.00	31.50
10	Piggy French	Quarrycrest Echo	27.80	0.00	4.00	31.80
11	Maxim Livio	Opium de Verrieres	30.10	2.00	0.00	32.10
12	Tom McEwen	Toledo de Kerser	28.40	0.00	4.00	32.40
13	Phillip Dutton	Z	27.60	6.40	0.00	34.00
14th	Sam Watson	Ardagh highlight	35.50	0.00	0.00	35.50
15th	Toshiyuki Tanaka	Talma d'Allou	33.70	0.80	1.00	35.50
	...
28	Andreas Dibowski	FRH Corrida	30.30	13.20	0.00	43.50
	...
33	Kai Rüder	Colani Sunrise	30.20	17.20	0.00	47.40
	...
39	Julia Krajewski	Chipmunk FRH	19.90	28.40	8.00	56.30
	...
60	Robin Godel	Grandeur de Lully CH	34.20	38.40	4.00	76.60
	...
65	Patrizia Attinger	Hilton P	37.70	51.20	8.00	96.90
	...
70	Felix Vogg	Colero	28.60	123.60	7.00	159.20
	...
-	Sandra Auffarth	Viamant du Matz	30.60	given up		-

Dressage for riders with disabilities (para-dressage)

• 63 starter pairs from 23 nations, 14 teams

The sporty prelude to the second week was provided by the para dressage riders . They contested two exams for each grade, and medals were awarded in each case. Thus, including the team test, a total of eleven sets of medals were awarded.

On the first two days of the para-dressage competition, the championship tests of all five degrees were on the program. In these tests the decisions were made about the individual evaluation, the medals were awarded per grade.

On the following two days (September 20 and 21) the team test was held, which served as a decision on the team ranking. In this test, too, specific, fixed tasks were ridden for each grade. On September 22nd, all riders competed in their third test, the freestyle. There the individual European champions were determined in the freestyle of the individual degrees. In the freestyle, the riders put together the prescribed lessons individually for an examination.

Individual ratings: championship test

Grade I.

In Grade I, the dominant horse of the last championships was not at the start: Athene Lindebjerg had taken first place in the championship test at the 2016 Paralympics and the 2017 European Championships. However, her current rider, Julie Payne, was reclassified to Grade II in 2018. The winner of the 2014 World Equestrian Games, Sophie Christiansen, was also not part of the British squad at the 2018 World Equestrian Games.

The victory went to a pair that has always been highly placed in the last few years, Sara Morganti from Italy and the 13-year-old mare Royal Delight . Laurentia Tan was also able to improve her bronze rank from 2014 and won the silver medal. Elke Philipp was also satisfied with her bronze medal: She rode the eight-year-old Oldenburg stallion Fürst Sinclair in Tryon .

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Sara Morganti	Royal Delight	74.750%
2	Laurentia Yen-Yi Tan	Lord Sherlock	73.750%
3	Elke Philipp	Lord Sinclair	73.143%
4th	Rihards Snikus	King of the Dance	72.179%
5	Roxanne Trunnell	Dolton	72.143%
	...
11	Julia Sciancalepore	Henry IV	67.893%

Grade II

The two dominant Grade II riders in recent years competed with young horses at the World Equestrian Games: While Lee Pearson gave up his 9-year-old mare Styletta , the test for Pepo Puch and his 10-year-old Hanoverian Sailor's Blue was successful. Two of the five judges led Puch to first place, but he had an equally strong competitor. In the overall result of all judges, the European championship third, Stinna Kaastrup from Denmark, won gold with less than 0.1 percent advantage. She rode the 17-year-old gelding Smarties .

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Stinna Tange Kaastrup	Smarties	72.676%
2	Pepo Puch	Sailor's Blue	72.382%
3	Nicole the Dulk	Wallace	70.735%
4th	Cloe Mislin	Don Caruso	66.735%
5	Maurilio Vaccaro	Bonaire van de Mottelhoeve	66,000%

Grade III

In Grade III, the judges disagreed on the rides of the German riders: With Steffen Zeibig and his proven 14-year-old mare Feel Good they fluctuated between first and seventh place, with Angelika Trabert and her Westphalian gelding Diamond's Shine between second and seventh place . The winning pair's lead was clear: Rixt van der Horst became world champion, just like four years earlier at the previous World Equestrian Games. In Tryon she rode Findsley , an eight-year-old mare.

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Rixt van der Horst	Findsley	73.735%
2	Natasha Baker	Diva Dannebrog	72.471%
3	Rebecca Hart	El Corona Texel	72.235%
4th	Emma Booth	Zidane	71.618%
5	Angelika Trabert	Diamond's Shine	71.588%
6th	Steffen Zeibig	Feel good	71.294%

Grade IV

The decision in the Grade IV championship test was tight, the top of the starting field were close in terms of performance: the three medals were less than one percent apart in the result, and the fourth-placed Belgian was barely more than one percent apart from the gold medal result. The victory went to the European championship pair from 2017, Sanne Voets and Demantur .

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Sanne Voets	Demantur	73.927%
2	Rodolpho Riskalla	Don Henrico	73.366%
3	Susanne Jensby Sunesen	Que faire	73.146%
4th	Manon Claeys	San Dior	72.854%
5	Louise Etzner Jakobsson	Zernard	70.780%

Grade V

Three riders achieved a score of over 70 percent with their horses in the Grade V championship test. Bronze went to Regine Mispelkamp in her first season in para-dressage. Gold and silver made up two of the riders who have dominated for years to this degree: Frank Hosmar and Alphaville , the reigning European champions, came in at over 73 percent. Sophie Wells and her 11-year-old gelding C Fatal Attraction were behind Hosmar at the European Championships. In Tryon, however, Wells won by over two percent.

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Sophie Wells	C Fatal Attraction	75.429%
2	Frank Hosmar	Alphaville	73.167%
3	Regine Mispelkamp	Look at me now	71.452%
4th	Ciska Vermeulen	Raw meo	69.167%
5	Tomoko Nakamura	Djazz F	68.738%

Team ranking

The team ranking was the second test at the World Equestrian Games for the para dressage riders and ended with a sensation: Great Britain, the dominant nation in dressage for disabled riders for decades, did not win the team gold medal at an international championship for the first time. Sophie Wells was able to achieve the strongest result of all riders in the Tryon team test with 77.233 percent, and Lee Pearson also delivered a result of over 71 percent after his departure from the championship test in the team test. But an overall result of 222.957 was only the second best team result. The Dutch team had a lead of exactly 0.64 percent, none of whose riders finished their ride with less than 72.9 percent.

The year before, the German team had missed out on a medal at the European Championships and started with the aim of making it into the top three nations and thus securing qualification for the 2020 Summer Paralympics . Before the last rider, it was clear that a result of over 74 percent would be required to achieve this goal. Elke Philipp succeeded in this, with her horse Fürst Sinclair she got 74.357 percent. The bronze medal for the German para-dressage riders was confirmed.

space	country	Riders and horses	percent
1	Netherlands		223,597
		Frank Hosmar (Grade V) Alphaville	73,488
		Nicole the Dulk (Grade II) Wallace	(72,939)
		Sanne Voets (Grade IV) Demantur	76,550
		Rixt van der Horst (Grade III) Findsley	73.559
2	Great Britain		222,957
		Sophie Wells (Grade V) C Fatal Attraction	77.233
		Lee Pearson (Grade II) Styletta	71,606
		Natasha Baker (Grade III) diva Dannebrog	74.118
		Erin Frances Orford (Grade III) Dior	(69,029)
3	Germany		216.965
		Regine Mispelkamp (Grade V) Look at me now	72.791
		Angelika Trabert (Grade III) Diamond's Shine	(70,235)
		Steffen Zeibig (Grade III) Feel Good	71.853
		Elke Philipp (Grade I) Fürst Sinclair	74.357
4th	Denmark		218,851
		Stinna Tange Kaastrup (Grade II) Smarties	74.848
		Susanne Jensby Sunesen (Grade IV) Que Faire	(70,525)
		Caroline Cecilie Nielsen (Grade III) Davidoff	70.824
		Line Munk Madsen (Grade I) Beebob	73.179
5	United States		214.940
		Angela Peavy (Grade IV) Royal Dark Chocolate	(67,075)
		Kate Shoemaker (Grade IV) Solitaire	69,800
		Rebecca Hart (Grade III) El Corona Texel	72.676
		Roxanne Trunnell (Grade I) Dolton	72.464
6th	Belgium		214.891
		Ciska Vermeulen (Grade V) Rohmeo	70.884
		Manon Claeys (Grade IV) San Dior	73.150
		Barbara Minneci (Grade III) Stuart	(68,118)
		Eveline van Looveren (Grade I) Feleva	70.857
7th	Brazil		210.965
8th	Canada		205.698
9	Italy		201.424
10	Finland		200.819
11	France		199,998
12	Japan		198,324
13	Portugal		188.048
14th	Hong Kong		188.023

Individual ratings: Freestyle

The Para-Dressage freestyle was organized one after the other on the penultimate day of the World Equestrian Games. Eight riders were allowed to start per grade.

Grade I.

In the freestyle of Grade I, Elke Philipp and her young stallion Fürst Sinclair could not yet match the results with her experienced black gelding Regaliz and received a result in the 73 percent range. After his success at the European Championships in 2017, the Latvian Rihards Snikus was also able to win a medal at a world championship for the first time. With King of the Dance he came silver, while gold went to Sara Morganti with a clear lead of over 2.7 percent. The American Roxanne Trunnell rode the youngest horse in the test and won bronze with the Hanoverian Dolton , who was only six years old .

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Sara Morganti	Royal Delight	78.867%
2	Rihards Snikus	King of the Dance	76.113%
3	Roxanne Trunnell	Dolton	75.587%
4th	Elke Philipp	Lord Sinclair	73.493%
5	Eveline van Looveren	Feleva	72.467%

Grade II

In Grade II there was also a clear victory in the freestyle: With B grades of 80 percent and higher from all five judges, the result for the freestyle of Stinna Tange Kaastrup and Smarties was 78.947 percent . Pepo Puch introduced his new sports partner Sailor's Blue to a freestyle to the music of Johann Strauss, which he had already ridden in 2012 when he won a gold medal at the Paralympics . The judges gave Puch and his black horse a score of 75.5 percent, which led to winning the silver medal.

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Stinna Tange Kaastrup	Smarties	78.947%
2	Pepo Puch	Sailor's Blue	75,500%
3	Nicole the Dulk	Wallace	74.573%
4th	Jaana Kivimäki	Legolas	67.947%
5	Cloe Mislin	Don Caruso	66.647%

Grade III

The World Para-Dressage Rider Championships ended with the Grade III freestyle, and this brought with it several unexpected situations: Halfway through the starter Angelika Trabert was just ahead of Steffen Zeibig in the lead. The fifth starter, the Australian Emma Booth, built several step pirouettes into her freestyle. After the ride, there were lengthy discussions as to whether all of the lessons Booth showed were permissible in a Grade III freestyle. First, a result after deductions of only 66.970 percent was announced, later the result was increased to 71.193 percent. This also included deductions in the amount of an individual grade of 8.0 per judge, the choreography was rated only 5.5 by all judges.

Natasha Baker, who had won two silver medals so far at this world championship, had a moment of shock as the penultimate starter: her mare Diva Dannebrog was frightened and bucked, whereby her rider, who was in a wheelchair beyond the sport, fell and was eliminated. Baker was unharmed. The last rider's horse, Rebecca Hart, was also frightened in the corner near the entrance, but was quickly reassured by his rider. The judges rewarded Hart's ride with 73.240 percent, which earned her the silver medal.

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Rixt van der Horst	Findsley	77.347%
2	Rebecca Hart	El Corona Texel	73.240%
3	Angelika Trabert	Diamond's Shine	71.840%
4th	Steffen Zeibig	Feel good	71.487%
5	Emma Booth	Zidane	71.193%

Grade IV

There was agreement about victory in the Grade IV freestyle: All judges gave Sanne Voets and Demantur the highest marks in this test, three times Voets even received a 9.0 as an individual mark. The gap to fourth place was significantly greater than in the championship test: Silver with over four percent advantage over third-placed Kate Shoemaker went to the Brazilian Rodolpho Riskalla. He rode the 15-year-old stallion Don Henrico in Tryon .

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Sanne Voets	Demantur	79.645%
2	Rodolpho Riskalla	Don Henrico	77.780%
3	Kate Shoemaker	Solitaire	73.230%
4th	Susanne Jensby Sunesen	Que faire	72.735%
5	Manon Claeys	San Dior	72.590%

Grade V

In the freestyle of Grade V, the 80 percent mark was exceeded for an overall grade for the only time at these world championships in para-dressage: Despite only moderate grades in the collective step (6.0 to 7.0), Sophie Wells was able to achieve the overall performance convince. With a 10.0 for music and interpretation of the music, she got 80.755 percent and thus secured gold. But Frank Hosmar's ride also received a result of over 79 percent. After Japan had already achieved a great success at the 2018 World Equestrian Games with fourth place in the team ranking of eventing, they even managed to win a medal on the penultimate day: bronze went to 56-year-old Tomoko Nakamura, who finished 10th in the Grade V freestyle -year- old gelding Djazz F ritt . Regine Mispelkamp finished her first world championships in fourth place.

Bottom line:

rank	equestrian	horse	percent
1	Sophie Wells	C Fatal Attraction	80.755%
2	Frank Hosmar	Alphaville	79.155%
3	Tomoko Nakamura	Djazz F	73.540%
4th	Regine Mispelkamp	Look at me now	72.960%
5	Ciska Vermeulen	Raw meo	71.045%

Vaulting

The vaulting program grew by one more decision: for the first time, a Nations Cup was held. In this mode, which has already proven itself in CVIO tournaments such as the CHIO Aachen , two individual vaulters and the vaulting group of the respective nation formed a team.

On the first two days of the vaulting at the World Equestrian Games, a compulsory and a freestyle test for individual vaulters as well as groups were on the program. The Nations Cup was also organized as part of these freestyle.

The best 15 women and men and the best twelve groups from the first partial test took part in the individual vaulting at the final. The individual vaulters completed a technique program as well as a freestyle, the groups only completed a second freestyle. The medals of the individual vaulters (separated into men and women) and those of the groups were awarded based on the average of the individual partial tests. In the event of a tie between the scores in the overall result, the better duty would have decided.

The pas de deux was held for the second time at the World Equestrian Games. It comprised two freestyle exams. All vaulting tests at the World Equestrian Games were assessed by eight tournament judges.

Nations Cup

Nine nations started a team in the vaulting nation's cup. The individual vaulters and the group of a nation competed in direct succession. This was particularly challenging for the individual vaulters, who were also part of their nation's group. This situation affected Lisa Wild and Katharina Luschin, both of Austria's individual athletes. Nevertheless, Austria managed to win the bronze medal. Switzerland followed, and the burden was similar for the Swiss: Nadja Büttiker was part of the vaulting group. Like Maria Lehrmann, Monika Winkler-Bischofberger was previously with the Austrians as a lunge guide at all three national appearances. In particular, a better result for the group put Switzerland in the lead.

The German squad came as a favorite in Tryon. Kristina Boe showed a difficult freestyle, but had balance problems twice. With Jannik Heiland's strong freestyle result of almost nine points and an even better rated performance by the Cologne team Norka, Germany set itself apart from its competitors and won the gold medal.

space	country	Vaulters	Lunge guide	horse	Points
1	Germany				26.502
		Kristina Boe	Winnie Schlueter	Don de la Mar	8,500
		Jannik Heiland	Barbara Rosiny	Dark beluga	8.986
		Team Norka of the VV Köln-Dünnwald	Patric Looser	Danny Boy OLD	9.016
2	Switzerland				25.833
		Nadja Büttiker	Monika Winkler-Bischofberger	Acardi van de Kapel	8,489
		Lukas Heppler	Monika Winkler-Bischofberger	Acardi van de Kapel	8.516
		Team Lütisburg	Monika Winkler-Bischofberger	Rayo de la Luz	8,828
3	Austria				25.371
		Katharina Luschin	Maria Lehrmann	Fairytale	8.248
		Lisa Wild	Maria Lehrmann	Fairytale	8.525
		Team RC Wildegg	Maria Lehrmann	Alessio L'Amabile	8,598
4th	Italy				25.065
		Silvia Stopazzini	Laura Carnabuci	Rose pride	8.295
		Anna Cavallaro	Nelson Vidoni	Monaco Franze	8.257
		Team CIM	Laura Carnabuci	Hot Date Tek	8.513
5	United States				24,521
		Elizabeth Osborn	Krista Mack	Sting	8.191
		Colton Palmer	Maurits de Vries	Zygo	8.136
		Team USA 1	Carolyn Bland	diva	8.194
6th	Netherlands				22.734
7th	Great Britain				20.734
8th	Canada				20.606
9	Czech Republic				19.155

pas de deux

A top group of four couples made the victory in the decision in the pas de deux among themselves. Silvia Stopazzini and Lorenzo Lupacchini had already taken second place at the CHIO Aachen with their 11-year-old Rhenish gelding Rosenstolz . Two months later, in Tryon, both were able to improve their performance again. They won gold with two freedoms, which the judges rated with just over and just under nine points. For the vaulting couple this was the second gold medal after the 2017 European Championships.

In Aachen Theresa-Sophie Bresch and Torben Jacobs had won, in Tryon they both just missed a medal. The winning couple of the 2014 World Equestrian Games, Jasmin Lindner and Lukas Wacha from Austria, came silver.

rank	Vaulters		Lunge guide	horse	Points
					Freestyle 1	Freestyle 2	total
1	Silvia Stopazzini	Lorenzo Lupacchini	Laura Carnabuci	Rose pride	9,057	8,997	9.027
2	Jasmin Lindner	Lukas Wacha	Klaus Haidacher	Dr. Doolittle	9.138	8,888	9,013
3	Janika Derks	Johannes Kay	Barbara Rosiny	Dark beluga	9,056	8,688	8,872
4th	Theresa-Sophie Bresch	Torben Jacobs	Alexandra Knauf	Picardo	8.706	8.708	8.707
5	Theresa Thiel	Stefan Csandl	Karin Böhmer	Crossino	8,519	8,299	8.409
6th	Daniel Janes	Haley Smith	Carolyn Bland	diva	8.313	8.175	8.244
7th	Zoe Maruccio	Syra Schmid	Michael Heuer	Latino v. Forest CH	8,052	7.818	7,935
8th	Svenja Lehmann	Selina Walder	Rita Blieske	Bentley	7.758	7.432	7,595

Individual ranking women

Probably one of the closest decisions at these World Equestrian Games was that of the individual evaluation of the female individual vaulters. On average in the four sub-tests, the difference between the four best women was only 0.080 points. Kristina Boe had not won any of the partial tests, but was always in the top four. This was enough for the overall victory.

With her victory in the last freestyle, Sarah Kay, who only finished tenth in the first freestyle, was able to gain points. Still, it wasn't enough for a medal. Janika Derks and Lisa Wild were also able to shine with places two and three in the second freestyle and also secured those positions in the overall standings. The best participant from a non-German speaking nation was Sheena Bendixen, who had won the first freestyle.

rank	Vaulting woman	Lunge guide	horse	Points
				mandatory	Freestyle 1	technology	Freestyle 2	total
1	Kristina Boe	Winnie Schlueter	Don de la Mar	8.347	8,500	7.986	8,719	8,388
2	Janika Derks	Jessica Lichtenberg	Carousso hit	8,192	8,415	8.077	8.810	8,374
3	Lisa Wild	Maria Lehrmann	Fairytale	8.267	8.525	7,894	8.764	8,363
4th	Sarah Kay	Dina Menke	Sir Valentin	8.203	8.169	7.979	8,880	8.308
5	Nadja Büttiker	Monika Winkler-Bischofberger	Acardi van de Kapel	8.182	8,489	7.826	8.515	8.253
6th	Sheena Bendixen	Leave Kristensen	Ramstein	8.230	8,539	7.300	8,700	8,192
7th	Katharina Luschin	Maria Lehrmann	Fairytale	8.506	8.248	7.138	8.113	8.001
8th	Marina Mohar	Simone Aebi	For Ever you Chalet CH	8,137	7,682	7.680	8.344	7.961
9	Ilona Hannich	Simone Aebi	For Ever you Chalet CH	7,839	8.133	7.551	8.238	7,940

Individual ranking men

The men’s competition was much more international than that of the women’s competition, with participants from eight nations participating in the final of the top 15. Thomas Brüsewitz had a successful start in the World Equestrian Games on the back of the 16-year-old gelding Danny Boy OLD , winning both the compulsory task and the first freestyle. But in the two other special stages he lost this lead. Jannik Heiland, each runner-up in the compulsory task, first and second freestyle, also came in second in the overall result.

Lambert Leclezio became world champion. The Frenchman won the technical task by 0.277 points and also secured victory in the second freestyle 0.288 points ahead of the second-placed Heiland.

rank	Vaulting woman	Lunge guide	horse	Points
				mandatory	Freestyle 1	technology	Freestyle 2	total
1	Lambert Leclezio	Francois Athimon	Poivre Vert	8,440	8,832	8,443	9.262	8.744
2	Jannik Heiland	Barbara Rosiny	Dark beluga	8,467	8.986	7,995	8,974	8.606
3	Thomas Brüsewitz	Patric Looser	Danny Boy OLD	8,480	8,987	7.796	8,868	8.533
4th	Jannis Drewell	Lars Hansen	Feliciano	8.286	8,921	8.116	8,711	8,509
5	Juan Martín Clavijo	Jill Palmer	Freeke	8.146	8.465	8.166	8,480	8.314
6th	Vincent Haennel	Fabrice Holzberger	Ultrachic	8.146	8.416	7,560	8,759	8.220
7th	Lukas Heppler	Monika Winkler-Bischofberger	Acardi van de Kapel	7,992	8.516	6.833	8.755	8.024
8th	Dominik Eder	Martin Eder	Pipetto	7,952	8.173	7.217	8.535	7.969

Group vaulting

12 nations competed with a vaulting group in Tryon. When it came to duty, the Swiss group from Lütisburg took the lead with a lead of almost 0.2 points. In the first freestyle she also showed a highly rated performance with 8.828 points. But the dominating European championship team from Cologne even achieved a mark of over nine points. Thus, before the last freestyle, the Germans were in the lead with less than a hundredth of a point ahead of the Swiss group.

The second freestyle went unfortunate for the Lütisburger: their horse Rayo de la Luz had to foul during the test and the human athletes did not go as planned either. Unusual mistakes crept in, so that in the end it was only the third best freestyle of the day. The hoped-for gold medal win seemed to have slipped away at that moment, which was confirmed: The German team Norka was able to improve again, so that on average all three tests were lead by over 0.2 points. For Austria, the vaulters of the RC Wildegg secured their bronze medal with the second best freestyle of the day.

rank	group	Lunge guide	horse	Points
				mandatory	Freestyle 1	Freestyle 2	total
1	Team Norka from VV Koeln-Dünnwald	Patric Looser	Danny Boy OLD	7.794	9.016	9.104	8,638
2	Team Lütisburg	Monika Winkler-Bischofberger	Rayo de la Luz	7.979	8,828	8,491	8.433
3	Team RC Wildegg	Maria Lehrmann	Alessio L'Amabile	7.355	8,598	8,641	8.198
4th	Team USA 1	Carolyn Bland	diva	7.349	8.194	8,457	8,000
5	Team CIM	Laura Carnabuci	Hot Date Tek	7.179	8.513	8.266	7.986
6th	Team Roy Rogers	Cynthia Danvers	Ruby Royal	6.826	7.537	7.460	7.274
7th	Team JK Voltiž Albertovec	Andrea Vídenková	patriot	6.486	7.250	7.745	7.160

Leap

• 124 starter pairs from 49 nations, 25 teams

The participating nations were able to send five show jumpers each with one horse to the World Equestrian Games. The number of rider-horse pairs that took part in the team and individual competition was limited to four per nation. The fifth rider served exclusively as a reserve and was not allowed to start unless another team rider from his nation failed before the start of the competitions.

The mode of the team classification comprised two partial tests with a total of three laps. For the individual evaluation, the two tests of the team evaluation and another test counted.

The first valuation test for show jumpers in teams and individuals was announced as a time competition with obstacles up to 1.55 meters high. The winner of the time jumping was awarded zero penalty points after the test. The time difference between the winner and the other riders was multiplied by 0.5 and thus resulted in their number of penalty points. Riders who did not finish the partial test due to abandonment and elimination received a result that was 20 points worse than that of the last placed rider who had finished the test.

The decision about the team medals was made in the second special stage. This test was held as a jumping competition with two different rounds . While all participants in the first test could take part in the first round of the test, there were restrictions for the second round. So only the ten best teams with their riders and (for the individual evaluation) the best 60 riders so far were allowed to start there. After the second round, the team medals were awarded. If two or more teams were tied for first place after the second round, as was the case at this World Cup, there will be a jump-off for the award of the gold medal. Here all riders of the teams taking part in the jump-off started again.

The decision about the individual medal was made according to a significantly different mode: There was no longer any change of horse in the individual final. After the Nations Cup, the individual decision was shortened to one test, in which the number of riders authorized to start was also significantly reduced. In the third sub-test of the individual evaluation, only the 25 best riders could start with their horses. The mode of this test was that of a jumping competition with two different rounds. The obstacles were up to 1.65 meters high in both laps, with the second lap having an even higher level of difficulty. In that second round only the 12 best participants so far were allowed to compete. If the points were tied in twelfth place after the first round, time would have decided on qualifying for the second round.

If more than one rider had tied in the lead after the three partial tests, there would have been a jump-off for the award of the individual gold medal.

No start

The effects of the tight show jumping tournament calendar, which is peppered with the highest endowment series ( Global Champions Tour , Global Champions League, Rolex Grand Slam ) not only had an impact on the Nations Cup series , but also on the World Equestrian Games in 2018.

Edwina Tops-Alexander , who is 28th in the world rankings , also renounced the World Equestrian Games in September in favor of the Global Champions Tour after the World Cup final in April . Great Britain's most successful riders, Ben Maher (12th place in the world rankings) and Scott Brash (39th place in the world rankings), almost completely waived the participation in Nations Cups and thus the chance of being nominated for Tryon.

From Germany, Philipp Weishaupt and Convall were almost a sure starter for the World Equestrian Games. But he, too, focused on the Rolex Grand Slam with his best horse, waived the Nations Cup start at the CHIO Aachen in favor of the Grand Prix and started shortly before the World Equestrian Games at what is probably the most difficult Grand Prix of the year, the Grand Prix of the Spruce Meadows Masters . The German jumping committee considered a start in Spruce Meadows and at the World Equestrian Games with the same horse to be unreasonable and therefore refrained from nominating Weishaupt. Similar to the season planning of Luciana Diniz , who feared that her mare Fit for Fun could take over the many difficult rounds of the world championship in a few days in a row and therefore decided not to start in Tryon out of consideration for the horse. Diniz also chose to start in Calgary-Spruce Meadows instead, where she took fourth place in the Grand Prix over 1.70 m obstacles with Fit for Fun .

The two high-performing nations of the Arabian Peninsula, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, were not at the start in Tryon, their focus was on the Asian Games in Indonesia two weeks earlier . For the Saudi Arabian Dalma Malhas , who lives in Europe , the lack of a team from her nation gave the opportunity to start as an individual rider in Tryon.

Team ranking

In the time competition, two nations were able to set themselves apart from the rest of the starting field: Switzerland finished the test with three riders among the best 16, which resulted in a converted team result of just 2.64 penalty points. The test went just as well for the Netherlands, whose three best riders achieved positions seven to 14 in the time jumping (total 4.35 penalty points). Behind them, several teams were close together, between third and 11th place there were four penalty points and thus only the distance of one jumping fault.

However, the result of the time jumping had little effect on the further course of the team classification. A fair, but highly demanding course, appropriate for a world championship, clearly mixed up the results of the teams in the first round of the Nations Cup. The Swiss received nine penalty points, but they were able to keep their lead. With only six penalty points the best team result of this jumping went to the US-Americans, who were only less than one time penalty point behind the Swiss in second place. Two rides without obstacle errors by their first two riders helped the German team to place third in the interim ranking with a result of 18.09 penalty points. Also in the top group after this jumping was Sweden, who got only 20.59 penalty points thanks to the faultless ride of Peder Fredricson and Christian K.

The Belgians, who had been considered favorites in the run-up, could not convince in Tryon, especially the result of 22 penalty points from Pieter Devos and Espoir in the first round of the Nations Cup. 33.16 penalty points were only enough for eleventh place, so the team missed the second round of the top ten nations. Even if they could not qualify as a team for the second round, Egypt was able to show a solid team performance, all four Egyptians qualified as individual riders for the second round.

France's most experienced couple, Kevin Staut and Reveur de Hurtebise , were the first couple in their team to score twelve penalty points on a course that was clearly different from that of the first round of the Nations Cup: the course was much less technical, with obstacle heights of up to 1, 65 meters, however, requires fitness on the third day of the test in a row. All in all, this test did not go well for the young French team either, forgiving the ride of their last rider Alexis Deroubaix (a time penalty). Ireland was unable to match the performance of its 2017 European Championship victory. The Netherlands also fell short of expectations, Jur Vrieling and Glasgow v. For the second day in a row, Merelsnest were deleted with 13 penalty points each. While Australia was able to shine and finished sixth as an outsider, the Swiss team experienced a collapse. Werner Muff and Daimler remained behind their capabilities for days and should have been the discarded result with 13 penalty points. But Janika Sprunger, who has been one of the best results so far with 2.96 penalty points, completely botched the course start: Her horse Bacardi got an obstacle error at the first obstacle and came to a stop before the second jump. Even after approaching the obstacle again, there was a refusal and thus the elimination. Due to the good performance of the previous days, Switzerland was still fourth.

As the day before, the young German team was able to record two rides without obstacle errors: Simone Blum and Alice impressed once again and Marcus Ehning lived up to his role as the most experienced of the team. With four penalty points from this third day it was enough for the bronze medal. Sweden's result of 20.59 penalty points was already clear after three rides and thus a medal. For the United States, McLain Ward was the last to start without mistakes to ensure victory. But he made a mistake, so that the team result also increased to 20.59 penalty points. This led to the curiosity of a tie and a jump-off was necessary.

In the jump-off it remained exciting until the end: Both teams had to start again with all four riders, there was again one result for each nation. In addition, the time required now also played a role. The first two riders made no mistakes. The second riders of Sweden and the United States each made an obstacle error, while the third rider failed again. Peder Fredricson as the last Swede had to be quick and without mistakes, which he succeeded. But McLain Ward ironed out his mistake from the round as the final rider of the jump-off, without mistakes he showed by far the fastest time of the jump- off with his gray mare Clinta : 32.58 seconds. With this, the hosts were able to offer an overall time more than two seconds better in the event of a tie and thus won team gold.

space	country	Riders and horses	Penalty points					time
			Time jumping	Nations Cup 1st round	Nations Cup 2nd round	total	Sting	Sting
1	United States		6.59	6th	8th	20.59	0	100.67 s
		Devin Ryan with Eddie Blue	3.64	4th	4th		0	34.88 s
		Adrienne Sternlicht with Cristalline	(4.26)	1	(5)		(4)	(34.61 s)
		Laura Kraut with ceremony	1.87	(8th)	0		0	33.21 s
		McLain Ward with Clinta	1.08	1	4th		0	32.58 s
2	Sweden		8.59	12	0	20.59	0	102.73 s
		Henrik von Eckermann with Mary Lou	3.20	8th	0		0	32.99 s
		Malin Baryard-Johnsson with Indiana	(5.33)	(9)	0		(4)	(35.39 s)
		Fredrik Jönsson with Cold Play	3.23	4th	0		0	35.31 s
		Peder Fredricson with Christian K	2.16	0	(8th)		0	34.43 s
3	Germany		9.09	9	4th	22.09
		Simone Blum with DSP Alice	2.47	0	0
		Laura Klaphake with Catch me if you can	6.25	1	4th
		Maurice Tebbel with Don Diarado	(6.51)	(9)	(5)
		Marcus Ehning with Pret a Tout	0.37	8th	0
4th	Switzerland		2.64	9	17th	28.64
		Werner Muff with Daimler	(6.10)	(12)	13
		Janika Sprunger with Bacardi	1.96	1	(retired)
		Martin Fuchs with Clooney	0.68	4th	0
		Steve Guerdat with Bianca	0.00	4th	4th
5	Netherlands		4.35	20th	8th	32.35
		Frank Schuttert with Chianti's Champion	(4.65)	12	0
		Marc Houtzager with Calimero	1.57	4th	4th
		Jur Vrieling with Glasgow v. Merelsnest	1.89	(13)	(13)
		Harrie Smolders with Don Z	0.89	4th	4th
6th	Australia		7.32	21st	5	33.32
		Jamie Kermond with Constellation	3.53	5	(5)
		Scott Keach with Fedor	(4.22)	(8th)	5
		Billy Raymont with Redwood	3.48	8th	0
		Rowan Willis with Blue Movie	0.31	8th	0
7th	Ireland		10.12	17th	12	39.12
		Shane Sweetnam with Chaqui Z	1.93	9	(9)
		Shane Breen with Ipswich van de Wolfsakker	(5.96)	(14)	4th
		Paul O'Shea with Machu Picchu	5.50	8th	4th
		Cian O'Connor with Good Luck	2.69	0	4th
8th	Great Britain		13.04	18th	9	40.04
		William Funnell with Buckingham	(5.46)	5	(13)
		Holly Smith with Hearts Destiny	5.42	8th	1
		Amanda Derbyshire with Luibanta	4.48	5	0
		William Whitaker with Utamaro d'Ecaussines	3.14	(8th)	8th
9	France		7.76	20th	17th	44.76
		Kevin Staut with Reveur de Hurtebise	1.87	4th	(12)
		Nicolas Delmotte with Ilex	2.68	12	8th
		Alexandra Francart with Volnay du Boisdeville	3.21	(20)	8th
		Alexis Deroubaix with Timon d'Aure	(3.38)	4th	1
10	Canada		11.89	21st	33	65.89
		Erynn Ballard with Darko's Promise	3.40	8th	20th
		Kara Chad with Carona	5.48	5	8th
		Mario Deslauriers with Bardolina	(8.47)	(11)	5
		Eric Lamaze with the Chacco Kid	3.01	8th	(not started)
11	Belgium		12.16	21st		(33.16)
12	Egypt		12.22	22nd		(34.22)
13	Israel		10.42	24		(34.42)
14th	Brazil		6.42	32		(38.42)
15th	Colombia		9.31	32		(41.31)
16	Mexico		15.94	26th		(41.94)
17th	Argentina		19.67	30th		(49.67)
18th	New Zealand		13.03	37		(50.03)
19th	Spain		31.07	34		(65.07)
20th	Japan		17.83	49		(66.83)
21st	Portugal		26.03	49.00		(75.03)
22nd	Chile		23.78	56.00		(79.78)
23	Italy		17.22	eliminated		-
24	Hungary		22.02	given up		-
25th	Venezuela		63.67	given up		-

Individual evaluation

Time jumping

The time jumping course, built by the Irish course designer Alan Wade, has been praised by many riders. The course with three double combinations had alternative jumps for the riders with two obstacles: The way to and from the open moat (obstacle eight) could be ridden in a straight line, but this was the time-consuming variant. The alternative jumps 7op and 9op made the paths to and after the water more challenging, but saved time.

For a long time, Pedro Veniss was in the lead. As the 66th starter with Quabri de l'Isle in the course, his time of 76.68 seconds seemed to be hard to beat. Kevin Staut, the 98th rider, succeeded in doing this with the 17-year-old Reveur de Hurtebise , who was supposed to be taken out of the sport at the 2018 World Cup final. Both took just 76.08 seconds, but a pole fell at the last obstacle, which threw Staut back to a result of 80.08 seconds. Only the 123rd and penultimate starter, Steve Guerdat, was able to stay clear with his 12-year-old mare Bianca with a faster time. A result of 76.33 seconds brought him the victory in the time jumping and thus the lead (converted: 0.00 penalty points) in the individual ranking of the world championship.

Nations Cup

The course of the first round of the Nations Cup was much more demanding than that of the time jumping, even possible medal candidates finished the course with eight or more penalty points. The time was also chosen so that there were several penalty points. Nevertheless, the course was rated positively, as it was also possible for the weaker participants to finish the course safely (with a high number of mistakes). This was also shown by the fact that of the 122 remaining participants only one gave up and three were eliminated. But the number of error-free rides was also tiny compared to the number of starters: five riders managed to keep their horses completely without errors, four others finished the course with only one time penalty.

From the first quarter of the starting field, only Simone Blum , who with her 11-year-old mare Alice, took the lead in the meantime , remained without mistakes . Henrik von Eckermann and his mare Mary Lou (the twelfth best couple in international show jumping in 2017) made a mistake on the open water and on the following obstacle, which threw them back to a result of 11.20 penalty points. The two best Swiss in time jumping, Martin Fuchs and Steve Guerdat, each had an obstacle error and dropped to eighth and tenth place. Janika Sprunger only allowed herself one time penalty and came in sixth. One place behind her was Max Kühner, the Austrian by choice had made no mistakes with Chardonnay .

Marcus Ehning and the Australian Rowan Willis clearly dropped out of the top group, both with eight penalty points now in 22nd and 23rd place. The Luxemburgish Christian Weier got 11 penalty points in this test, which brought him to 61st place - so he just missed out the qualification for the second round (single starter qualified with 60th place). Peder Fredricson (2.16 penalty points in total), McLain Ward (2.08) and, in the lead, Lorenzo de Luca with Irenice Horta (1.19) were placed ahead of Simone Blum, fourth at the end of the day .

After completing the Nations Cup, the interim ranking of the individual evaluation looked positive from the point of view of the German-speaking area: Before the last two rounds, 29-year-old German Simone Blum (2.47 penalty points) was ahead of 44-year-old Austrian Max Kühner (2.97) and the 26-year-old Swiss German Martin Fuchs (4.68 penalty points). Lorenzo de Luca, who had only competed as a single rider, made a jumping fault, which threw him back to fourth (5.19). While Marcus Ehning managed a zero-error lap with Pret a Tout and was able to work his way up to 12th place, Steve Guerdat also made a mistake in the second round of the Nations Cup. Nevertheless, he was able to stay among the top ten (8.00 penalty points, ninth place). Laura Klaphake also made it into the top 25 riders, with Catch me if you can she now scored 11.25 penalty points after an obstacle error.

Singles final

The first round of the individual final challenged the remaining 25 rider-horse pairs again. The sequence of obstacles 7 - 8ab - 9 proved to be a technically demanding source of error: After an open moat, a slightly curved line was followed by a distance (usually six canter jumps) to a double combination, consisting of a steep jump and an oxer. A steep jump followed at a further distance.

After 22 of the 25 participants there were only three faultless rides. Carlos Enrique Lopez Lizarazo and Laura Kraut thus made a significant leap forward in the ranking among the top eight before the last lap. A negative surprise was 16 penalty points for world number one Harrie Smolders and his top horse Don . After two obstacle errors in the first part of the course, Pedro Veniss realized that his chestnut stallion Quabri de l'Isle could no longer finish the round with a result appropriate to the horse's performance and gave up. As in the first round of the Nations Cup, Marcus Ehning made two obstacle errors with Pret A Tout , Laura Klaphake got a result of five penalty points. With 14th and 15th place, the world championship was over for both of them.

Steve Guerdat succeeded in the third zero-error lap, taking Bianca into the lead. The group of the three leading riders up to this point proved that they and their horse were entitled to this position: Thanks to a faultless ride with Clooney, Martin Fuchs ensured a brief Swiss double lead. Max Kühner with his gray stallion Chardonnay easily exceeded the allowed time, but the result was enough to stay ahead of Fuchs. The chestnut mare Alice , bred in the Altmark , proved her class again and reached the fourth round with her rider Simone Blum as the only couple without any mistakes and thus remained in the lead.

The time allowed in the second round of the individual final was extremely short. Before the twelve starters who were still allowed to compete here, only two crossed the finish line without penalty points. Carlos Enrique Lopez Lizarazo and his dark brown gelding Admara were the first to go without obstacle errors. McLain Ward as the next rider followed suit and also had only one time penalty. Steve Guerdat managed to make no jumping faults with Bianca in the allowed time. He put his compatriot Martin Fuchs under pressure, who could allow himself a maximum of three time penalties in order to stay ahead of Guerdat. This succeeded, with two penalty points and thus an overall result of 6.68 penalty points, he was initially in the lead.

Max Kühner had the chance to win the first medal for Austria at the show jumping world championships since 1974 (through Hugo Simon ). But he made two obstacle errors with Chardonnay and finished the individual standings in sixth place. So Simone Blum and Alice had four penalty points ahead of Martin Fuchs. But for the fifth time, both had no obstacle errors, so a time penalty did not prevent victory. The title win for Blum, which two years earlier was 398th in the world rankings, was the first world championship title for Germany since 1994 and the first world championship title for a woman since 1986.

rank	equestrian	horse	converted points	Penalty points				Overall result
				2nd partial examination		3rd partial examination
			1st partial examination	1st round	2nd round	1st round	2nd round
1	Simone Blum	DSP Alice	2.47	0	0	0	1	3.47
2	Martin Fuchs	Clooney	0.68	4th	0	0	2	6.68
3	Steve Guerdat	Bianca	0.00	4th	4th	0	0	8.00
4th	McLain Ward	Clinta	1.08	1	4th	4th	1	11.08
5	Carlos E. Lopez Lizarazo	Admara	0.81	6th	5	0	1	12.81
6th	Max Kühner	Chardonnay	2.97	0	0	1	9	12.97
7th	Lorenzo de Luca	Irenice Horta	1.19	0	4th	4th	5	14.19
8th	Fredrik Jonsson	Cold play	3.23	4th	0	5	5	17.23
9	Alexis Deroubaix	Timon d'Aure	3.38	4th	1	4th	5	17.38
10	Laura herb	ceremony	1.87	8th	0	0	9	18.87
11	Adrienne Sternlicht	Cristalline	4.26	1	5	4th	6th	20.26
12	Rowan Willis	Blue Movie	0.31	8th	0	4th	8th	20.31
13	Cian O'Connor	good luck	2.69	0	4th	8th		14.69
14th	Laura Klaphake	Catch me if you can	6.25	1	4th	5		16.25
15th	Marcus Ehning	Pret a toout	0.37	8th	0	8th		16.37
	...
44	Maurice Tebbel	Don Diarado	6.51	9	5			20.51
	...
57	Janika Sprunger	Bacardi	1.96	1	OUT			-
	...
61	Christian Weier	Global	5.13	11				16.13
	...
67	Werner Muff	Daimler	6.10	12				18.10

Drive

• 19 team drivers from 9 nations, 5 teams

Driving in four in hand with large horses is a representative of the driving disciplines at the World Equestrian Games. Three drivers per nation were allowed to start with their teams. In the team competition, each team had to include at least two and a maximum of three drivers.

The four-in-hand drivers competed in three sub-tests: driving dressage , marathon driving and obstacle driving . Two drivers from each nation were included in the team ranking, but the deletion result in the individual partial tests could come from different drivers. The team medals were awarded by adding up the results of the partial tests. In the individual evaluation, the medal was also determined based on the ranking of the added minus points; the driver with the fewest minus points won.

For the four-in-hand drivers, the effort involved in transporting them to the competition site was particularly high compared to the other disciplines of the World Equestrian Games: five horses, several carriages and extensive equipment had to be transported per driver. This was noticeable in the field of participants: Many teams from Europe shied away from traveling to North America or only sent a single driver. Hungary, traditionally one of the strongest nations in driving and bronze medalists at the 2014 World Equestrian Games , was not represented at all among the drivers in Tryon. Compared to 2014, the starting field of 2018 in individual and team only comprised around 40 percent.

Team ranking

The four-in-hand drivers were also affected by the unsuccessful construction planning, the stadium intended for the driving training was not yet completed. The partial test was therefore relocated to the show jumping arena, which did not have grandstands but had good ground conditions for the horses. The German team could not meet their own expectations and ranked fifth and last place with three results over 50 minus points. The Americans were able to take the lead, especially thanks to the strong performance of Chester C. Weber's team.

Before the marathon, the weather conditions worried the participants: As on the catastrophic day of the endurance ride, there was a risk of over 30 ° C and high humidity. The original plan of having the horses tackle the steep incline between the terrain and the stadiums twice in competition did not seem reasonable under these circumstances. Therefore it was decided not to lead the warm-up phase A over the slope, but on a largely flat area. In addition, the recovery time between the eight obstacle complexes has been increased by one minute each.

Georg von Stein showed a predominantly strong performance in the field: In the first complex of obstacles he set the third fastest time of all participants, in two of the eight obstacle complexes he posted the second fastest time. But he got stuck with his team in complex five. His eighth place in this partial ranking should remain the best German. Christoph Sandmann also had five bad luck in the obstacle: One of his pole horses, the 15-year-old mare Wanita , slipped and fell. The mare was uninjured, but unhitching the horses was considered Sandmann's job.

The Netherlands also fell short of expectations: Koos de Ronde showed the best performance of the day, but his teammates only came in 15th and 17th. In the final bowling, the Dutch attacked again and achieved the best result of all teams. But the Americans had taken a clear lead in the first two stages, so that victory could no longer be taken from them. For the first time in several years, the Dutch team was unable to win the gold medal in a four-in-hand championship. With a young team - all three drivers were younger than 30 years - Belgium secured the bronze medal.

space	country	driver	Minus points
			dressage	Marathon driving	Obstacle driving	total
1	United States		77.10	261.45	14.84	353.39
		James Fairclough	(53.15)	135.94	12.07
		Misdee Wrigley-Miller	42.00	(155.94)	(32.93)
		Chester C. Weber	35.10	125.51	2.77
2	Netherlands		87.43	265.26	4.10	356.79
		Bram Chardon	46.37	147.98	0.00
		Koos de Ronde	(56.93)	117.28	(5.79)
		IJsbrand Chardon	41.06	(152.96)	4.10
3	Belgium		102.76	251.04	10.29	364.09
		Dries Degrieck	(61.47)	(135.83)	(11.64)
		Glenn Geerts	55.57	126.91	7.46
		Edouard Simonet	47.19	124.13	2.83
4th	France		101.40	260.60	16.25	378.25
		Anthony Horde	(65.19)	132.67	(18.37)
		Thibault Coudry	52.56	127.93	10.02
		Benjamin Aillaud	48.84	(135.68)	6.23
5	Germany		105.65	267.25	36.60	409.50
		Georg von Stein	53.86	130.24	21.64
		Mareike Harm	51.79	137.01	14.96
		Christoph Sandmann	(given up)

Individual evaluation

Boyd Exell already took a clear lead in the driving training. The judges rated his team with 80.556 percent. After conversion into minus points, he was more than three points ahead of Chester C. Weber and over nine minus points ahead of IJsbrand Chardon (who had reached 74.667 percent).

Koos de Ronde, who only came 14th in dressage, won the marathon. With just over 121 minus points from the marathon, the Swiss Jérome Voutaz and Boyd Exell followed in the ranking of this partial test.

In bowling, victory went to 25-year-old Bram Chardon, son of IJsbrand Chardon. With his team he was the only one to stay both without mistakes on the pins and in the time allowed. But already in second place was Boyd Exell, who became world champion for the fifth time in a row.

rank	driver	Horses	Minus points
			dressage	Marathon driving	Obstacle driving	Bottom line
1	Boyd Exell	Carlos , Celviro , Checkmate , Daphne and Zindgraaf	31.68	121.93	0.53	154.14
2	Chester Weber	Asjemenou , Boris W , First Edition , Reno and Splash	35.10	125.51	2.77	163.38
3	Edouard Simonet	Bouke , Sanne , Dark Dream , Bauke and El Fiero van de Vemmekeshoeve	47.19	124.13	2.83	174.15
4th	Koos de Ronde	Alino , Cupido , Emir Morocco , Zerino and Zimon	56.93	117.28	5.79	180.00
5	Jérome Voutaz	Belle du Peupe CH , Flore CH , Holliday , Leon and Lune de la vielle Fontaine	60.35	121.66	6.00	188.01
6th	Glenn Geerts	Birckhouse Billie , Dash , De Solist , Scampolo and Zeron	55.57	126.91	7.46	189.94
7th	Thibault Coudry	Cadans K , Conroy , Haraldo D , Zender and Zorro	52.56	127.93	10.02	190.51
8th	Benjamin Aillaud	Beene van de Dubelsile , Douwe fan't Oosterzand , Jim , Sybren P and Triskel Siglavy Katia	48.84	135.68	6.23	190.75
	...
12	Mareike Harm	Amicello , Luxus Boy , Racciano , Sunfire and Zazou	51.79	137.01	14.96	203.76
13	Georg von Stein	Despardo , Eddy , Fax , Hindrik and Playboy	53.86	130.24	21.64	205.74
	...
-	Christoph Sandmann	Amico , Bo Liberator , Fredie U , Wanita and Wierd	51.03	given up	18.27	-

media

Eurosport 1 reported on nine days , mostly in the form of several hours of broadcasts or recordings, of the World Equestrian Games in Tryon. In addition to the show jumping, one in Germany broadcast 7 ½ hours mostly live from the Nations Cup days and the individual finals. In Switzerland, SRF two and SRF info broadcast the Nations Cup and the individual finals, and the SRF Sport App has already broadcast the time competition.

The World Equestrian Federation FEI broadcast live broadcasts of all disciplines on its paid live stream portal FEI TV. In addition, all tests of the para dressage riders were streamed live on his YouTube channel. The IPTV broadcaster ClipMyHorse also showed all tests live for its premium members in Germany .

Web links

• Internet presence of the World Equestrian Games 2018 (English)
• Information about the World Equestrian Games 2018 on the website of the German Equestrian Association
• Start lists and results

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 'A missed opportunity' - Tryon sees equestrian industry economic growth Wellington could have had , Kristen M. Clark / mypalmbeachpost, accessed August 20, 2018
2. ^ How Tryon International Equestrian Center Puts Polk County in the Spotlight , North Carolina Field and Family, May 25, 2017
3. ↑ The FEI World Equestrian Games - a remarkable story , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg , October 4, 2017
4. ↑ The WEG preparations are running - but not all according to plan , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg, April 17, 2018
5. ↑ The 2018 World Equestrian Games will take place in Canada , dpa / Rheinische Post , June 11, 2014
6. ↑ No World Equestrian Games 2018 in Bromont - FEI is looking for alternatives , propferd.at, July 23, 2016
7. ↑ Tryon will host the 2018 World Equestrian Games , St. Georg, November 3, 2016
8. ↑ Rolex gives way for Longines at the 2018 World Equestrian Games , globalquestriannews.com, November 5, 2016
9. ↑ see FEI tournament calendar
10. ↑ USA Sweeps Podium at FEI CRI 3 * Reining WEG Test Event , May 13, 2018
11. ↑ ^{a b} Tryon / USA: WEG test eventing and vaulting , interview with Dennis Peiler , April 9, 2018
12. ^ Excitement Flying High at the FEI World Equestrian Games ™ CVI3 * Vaulting Test Event , US Equestrian Communications Department, April 12, 2018
13. ^ Favorite role for German riders in Tryon , Deutsche Welle , September 11, 2018
14. ↑ Preparations in Tryon: “Everything is a huge construction site” , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg, August 28, 2018
15. ↑ ^{a b} Blog 1 from Tryon: Distance mass start went in the pants, rider frustrated , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg, September 12, 2018
16. ↑ ^{a b} Blog 4 from the World Equestrian Games from Tryon: Greetings from Chaotien! , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg, September 16, 2018
17. ↑ Tryon 2018 Weather Updates: Friday, September 14th, 10pm (EST)
18. ↑ Blog 5 from the World Equestrian Games in Tryon: Schietwetter, IQ test and Vet check impressions , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg, September 17, 2018
19. ^ WEG Tryon: Endurance ride was canceled , Julia Basic / Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung, September 13, 2018
20. ↑ WEG Tryon: Otto Becker says: The boys still lack looseness , Thomas Borgmann / reitturniere.de, September 19, 2018
21. ↑ Schedule of the World Equestrian Games 2018
22. ↑ FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018, Entries Endurance
23. ↑ Endurance riding, start list individual
24. ↑ Endurance riding, starting list teams
25. ↑ Endurance riding at the World Equestrian Games, September 12, 2018 in Tryon , website of the German Equestrian Association
26. ↑ WEG Tryon: Update on endurance riding , Julia Basic / Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung, September 12, 2018
27. ^ WEG Tryon: Endurance ride was canceled , Julia Basic / Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung, September 13, 2018
28. ↑ Horror day for endurance sports: World Cup race ends in Eklat , Pamela Sladky / Pferderevue, September 13, 2018
29. ↑ by distance Chaos: A dead horse and 53 at the clinic , Pamela Sladky Horse Revue, September 15/2018
30. ↑ Endurance riding at the World Cup: Riding to the point of kidney failure , Gabriele Pochhammer / Süddeutsche Zeitung, September 21, 2018
31. ^ FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018, Entries Reining
32. ↑ Reining, starting list team competition (individual)
33. ↑ Reining at the World Equestrian Games, September 12 to 16, 2018 in Tryon , website of the German Equestrian Association
34. ^ WEG Tryon: World Championships Reining without Gina Maria Schumacher , German Equestrian Association, September 5, 2018
35. ↑ WEG Tryon: Reiner get first medal for Germany , Uta Helkenberg / Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung, September 13, 2018
36. ↑ Reining, team ranking
37. ↑ Reining, individual evaluation of the first test
38. ↑ Reining, individual evaluation of the second qualification test
39. ↑ US Reining Goes Two-Three as Huss and Ms Dreamy Claim Silver, McCutcheon and Custom Made Gun Steal Bronze in Reining Individual Final at the FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018 , US Equestrian Communications Department, September 15, 2018
40. ↑ Reining, final score individual ranking
41. ↑ Reining, final score individual ranking (PDF)
42. ↑ FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018, Entries Dressage
43. ↑ ^{a b} Grand Prix de Dressage, starting order
44. ↑ Dressage at the World Equestrian Games, September 12 to 16, 2018 in Tryon , website of the German Equestrian Association
45. ↑ Cathrine Dufour and Cassidy do not start in Tryon , PferdeSport International, August 22, 2018
46. ↑ World Championships 2018: Germany leads after the first dressage day, Dorothee Schneider third , Jan Tönjes / St. Georg, September 12, 2018
47. ↑ Result of the individual ranking Grand Prix de Dressage
48. ↑ Dressage, team competition
49. ↑ Judy Reynolds becomes first Irish athlete to reach World Equestrian Games Dressage Freestyle Final , Breandán Ó hUallacháin / sportsnewsireland.com, September 15, 2018
50. ↑ Result Grand Prix Spécial with individual grades
51. ↑ Isabell Werth world champion for the ninth time, Sönke Rothenberger im Pech , Jan Tönjes / St. Georg, September 15, 2018
52. ^ FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018, Entries Eventing
53. ↑ Versatility, status after the dressage test
54. ↑ Versatility at the World Equestrian Games, September 13 to 16, 2018 in Tryon , website of the German Equestrian Association
55. ↑ Important changes also decided for the versatility in the international area , buschreiter.de, November 24, 2017
56. ↑ Versatility: Individual evaluation after the dressage
57. ↑ Versatility: Team evaluation after dressage (PDF)
58. ↑ 2018 World Equestrian Games Cross-Country Course at Tryon International Equestrian Center , video on the YouTube channel of Chronicle of the Horse
59. ↑ Site plan of the cross-country route of the versatility of the World Equestrian Games
60. ↑ ^{a b} WEG Tryon: Ingrid Klimke leads to the site , Adelheid Borchardt / Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung, September 15, 2018
61. ↑ Versatility, team evaluation after two partial tests (PDF)
62. ↑ WAY # tryon2018: a field day as expected turbulent swirls the rankings mighty confused , vielseitigkeitssport-deutschland.de
63. ↑ Ingrid Klimke makes it exciting , Markus Wörmann / Reiter Revue International, September 15, 2018
64. ↑ Versatility: Box Qutie euthanized , Reiter Revue International, September 20, 2018
65. ↑ Bronze for Ingrid Klimke - with VIDEOS , Reiter Revue International, September 17, 2018
66. ↑ Versatility, final score team standings
67. ↑ Versatility, final score individual ranking (PDF)
68. ↑ FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018, Entries Para-Dressage
69. ↑ Para-dressage at the World Equestrian Games, September 18-22, 2018 in Tryon on the website of the German Equestrian Association (pferd-aktuell.de)
70. ↑ Brand new names make WEG para dressage short-list , Polly Bryan / Horse & Hound, July 9, 2018
71. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation Championshiptest Grade I
72. ↑ ^{a b} Para-Dressage World Championship: Elke Philipp wins bronze in Grade I , Jan Tönjes / St. Georg, September 20, 2018
73. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation Championshiptest Grade I
74. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation Championshiptest Grade II
75. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation championship test grade III
76. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation Championshiptest Grade IV
77. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation Championshiptest Grade V
78. ^ WEG Tryon: German para dressage team wins bronze , Uta Helkenberg / German Equestrian Association
79. ↑ Final result of the team ranking (PDF)
80. ↑ Stunning day of Freestyle rounds off Para Dressage Championships , Rob Howell / FEI, September 23, 2018
81. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation freestyle grade I
82. ↑ Pepo Puch sails for World Championship silver again with Sailors Blue , Austrian Equestrian Association (oeps.at), September 22, 2018
83. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation freestyle grade II
84. ↑ Video recording of RE-LIVE Para-Dressage - Grade I, II, III Team on the FEI's YouTube channel, Emma Booth's ride from 2:50:30
85. ↑ 'I don't know what got into her': dramatic fall for British para rider at WEG , Polly Bryan / Horse & Hound, 23 September 2018
86. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation freestyle grade III
87. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation freestyle grade IV
88. ↑ Para-dressage, individual evaluation freestyle grade V
89. ^ Second World Championship medal for Austria , Austrian Equestrian Federation, September 20, 2018
90. ^ WEG Tryon: Team Germany wins Nations Cup Vaulting , Uta Helkenberg / German Equestrian Association, September 20, 2018
91. ↑ Vaulting, result of the Nations Cup (PDF)
92. ↑ Vaulting, final score pas de deux (PDF)
93. ↑ Vaulting, final result individual ranking women (PDF)
94. ↑ Vaulting, final stand individual ranking men (PDF)
95. ↑ Lütisburg: Missed Gold , Sascha P. Dubach / pferdewoche.ch, 23 September 2018
96. ↑ Bronze medals for Lisa Wild and group vaulters , Pamela Sladky / pferderevue.at, 23 September 2018
97. ↑ Vaulting, final group (PDF)
98. ^ FEI World Equestrian Games ™ Tryon 2018, Entries Jumping
99. ↑ Show jumping, start lists time jumping
100. ↑ Rules for Jumping Championships and Games , Chapter I World Championship (Teams and Individuals)
101. ↑ Jumping at the World Equestrian Games, September 19 to 23, 2018 in Tryon , website of the German Equestrian Association
102. ↑ Australian World Cup jumping team without Edwina Tops Alexander , St. Georg, August 22, 2018
103. ^ For Philipp Weishaupt, the dream of a big payday is bursting , Benjamin Jansen / Aachener Nachrichten , July 22, 2018
104. ↑ Riding World Championships: Becker vs. Beerbaum - millions or medals , Michael Rossmann, dpa on westline.de, September 20, 2018
105. ↑ Luciana Diniz waives the World Equestrian Games , spring-reiter.de, August 28, 2018
106. ↑ Blog 9 from Tryon: Chaos in the paddock and endurance riding before the end? , Gabriele Pochhammer / St. Georg, September 21, 2018
107. ↑ Dalma Malhas wants to go to Olympia: A woman rides for Saudi Arabia , Evi Simeoni / FAZ.net , September 24, 2018
108. ↑ Show jumping, team ranking after the time jumping (PDF)
109. ↑ Show jumping, team evaluation after the first round of the Nations Cup (PDF)
110. ↑ Show jumping, final result of the team ranking (PDF)
111. ↑ Steve Guerdat wins the first World Championship ranking, Switzerland leads, Marcus Ehning fourth , Jan Tönjes / St. Georg, September 20, 2018
112. ↑ Show jumping, jumping course schedule (PDF)
113. ↑ France's show jumping team for the World Equestrian Games in Tryon , Dominique Wehrmann / St. Georg, August 15, 2018
114. ↑ Show jumping, individual evaluation after the time jumping (PDF)
115. ↑ Show jumping, individual evaluation after the 1st round of the Nations Cup (PDF)
116. ^ First round of the World Cup Nations Cup: Germany in third place, Blum individual fourth , Jan Tönjes, September 20, 2018
117. ↑ Show jumping, intermediate standings after the Nations Cup (PDF)
118. ↑ Show jumping, course plan, individual finals, 1st round (PDF)
119. ↑ Show jumping world rankings of the FEI
120. ↑ Show jumping, final standings
121. ^ FEI World Equestrian Games Tryon 2018, Entries Driving
122. ↑ Christine Meyer zu Hartum: Drivers start slowly into the 2018 World Cup. In: St. Georg . September 22, 2018, accessed October 21, 2018 . 
123. ↑ Christine Meyer zu Hartum: Surprise in the marathon at the drivers' championship. In: St. Georg. September 23, 2018, accessed October 21, 2018 . 
124. ↑ Christine Meyer zu Hartum: Reorganization in the drivers' camp, disappointed German World Championship team. In: St. Georg. September 24, 2018, accessed October 21, 2018 . 
125. ↑ Four-in-hand driving final result team classification
126. ↑ Driving four in hand, individual result dressage
127. ↑ Four-in-hand driving, individual results marathon driving (PDF)
128. ↑ Four-in-hand driving, final standings
129. ↑ TV times and broadcasts of the 2018 World Equestrian Games , pferd-aktuell.de
130. ↑ Do Guerdat and Co. shine? - The rocky road to the World Cup medal , srf.ch, accessed on September 24, 2018
131. ^ FEI YouTube channel