Eriosyce

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Eriosyce
Eriosyce esmeraldana

Eriosyce esmeraldana

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae)
Subfamily : Cactoideae
Tribe : Notocacteae
Genre : Eriosyce
Scientific name
Eriosyce
Phil.
Eriosyce Heinrichiana
Eriosyce islayensis
Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. Wagenknechtii
Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. nigrihorrida

Eriosyce is a genus from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The generic name is derived from the two Greek words erion for "wool" and syke for "fig tree" or " fig " and refers to the woolen fruits .

description

They are spherical to cylindrical plants that rarely sprout. The plants reach heights of growth of up to 1 m and have a diameter of up to 50 cm. They form 7 to 30 ribs on which the thorn-bearing areoles sit. The ribs are deepened between the areoles. The flowers usually appear near the apex, are funnel-shaped and yellow to red in color. The fruits are hollow berries , often covered with wool , in which the seeds are usually loose. Often the berries tear open at the base. The seeds are 0.7 to 3 mm long.

distribution

The distribution area of the genus is in southern Peru , extends south to central Chile and west to central Argentina . The species of the genus colonize altitudes up to 3000 m.

Systematics

After the revision by Fred Kattermann in 1994, the genre contains a large number of formerly independent genres. These synonyms include Neoporteria Britton & Rose , Pyrrhocactus A. Berger , Islaya Backeb. , Friesia Frič , Chilenia Backeb. , Chileniopsis Backeb. , Horridocactus Backeb. , Hildmannia Cross. & Buining , Neochilenia Backeb. ex Dölz , Ceratistes Byles , Thelocephala Y.Itō , Rodentiophila F.Ritter , Chileorebutia Frič ex F.Ritter , Delaetia Backeb. and Rimacactus Mottram .

The type species of the genus is Echinocactus sandillon .

According to Fred Kattermann, the genus is broken down into two sections, each with three subsections, based on flower and fruit characteristics:

  • Section Neoporteria
    • Subsection Neoporteria (Britton & Rose) Katt.
      • Eriosyce chilensis (Hildm. Ex K.Schum.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce chilensis var. Albidiflora (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce chilensis var. Chilensis
      • Eriosyce senilis (cheek.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce senilis subsp. coimasensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce senilis subsp. elquiensis Katt.
        • Eriosyce senilis subsp. senilis
      • Eriosyce sociabilis (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce subgibbosa (Haw.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. clavata (Söhrens ex K.Schum.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. nigrihorrida (Backeb.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. subgibbosa
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. vallenarensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. wagenknechtii (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa var. Castanea (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa var. Litoralis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce subgibbosa var. Subgibbosa
      • Eriosyce villosa (Monv.) Katt.
    • Subsection Horridocactus (Backeb.) Katt.
      • Eriosyce aspillagae (Söhrens) Katt.
        • Eriosyce aspillagae subsp. aspillagae
        • Eriosyce aspillagae subsp. maechlerorum Helmut Walter
      • Eriosyce confinis (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce crispa (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce crispa subsp. atroviridis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce crispa subsp. crispa
        • Eriosyce crispa subsp. totoralensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce crispa var. Carrizalensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce crispa var. Huascensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce curvispina (Bertero ex Colla) Katt.
        • Eriosyce curvispina subsp. armata (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce curvispina subsp. curvispina
        • Eriosyce curvispina subsp. tuberisulcata (Jacobi) Katt.
        • Eriosyce curvispina var. Aconcaguensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce curvispina var. Choapensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce curvispina var. Curvispina
        • Eriosyce curvispina var. Mutabilis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce curvispina var. Robusta (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce engleri (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce garaventae (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce heinrichiana (Backeb.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. Heinrichiana
        • Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. intermedia (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. simulans (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. setosiflora (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce kunzei (CFFörst.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce kunzei var. Kunzei
        • Eriosyce kunzei var. Transitensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce limariensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
      • Eriosyce marksiana (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce marksiana var. Gracilis (F. Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce marksiana var. Lissocarpa (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce marksiana var. Marksiana
      • Eriosyce napina (Phil.) Katt.
        • Eriosyce napina subsp. duripulpa (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce napina subsp. lembckei Katt.
        • Eriosyce napina subsp. napina
      • Eriosyce occulta Katt.
      • Eriosyce odieri (Lem. Ex Salm-Dyck) Katt.
        • Eriosyce odieri subsp. fulva (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce odieri subsp. glabrescens (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce odieri subsp. odieri
        • Eriosyce odieri var. Monte-amargensis Katt.
      • Eriosyce recondita (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce recondita subsp. iquiquensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce recondita subsp. recondita
      • Eriosyce taltalensis (Hutchison) Katt.
        • Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. echinus (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. paucicostata (F. Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. pilispina (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. taltalensis
        • Eriosyce taltalensis var. Floccosa (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce taltalensis var. Pygmea (F.Ritter) Katt.
        • Eriosyce taltalensis var. Taltalensis
    • Subsection Chileosyce Katt.

Outside the classification is:

The following names, among others, are of unclear application, but belong to this genus: Echinocactus jussieui Monv. ex Salm-Dyck (1850), Echinocactus nigricans A.Dietr. ex K.Schum. (1898) and Echinocactus occultus Phil. (1860).

supporting documents

  • Urs Eggli: The large cactus lexicon. German edition, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , pp. 254-255

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 254-271 .

further reading

  • Pablo C. Guerrero, Helmut E. Walter, Mary TK Arroyo, Carol M. Peña, Italo Tamburrino, Marta De Benedictis, Isabel Larridon: Molecular phylogeny of the large South American genus Eriosyce (Notocacteae, Cactaceae): Generic delimitation and proposed changes in inquiring and species ranks . In: Taxon . Volume 68, No. 3, 2019, pp. 557-573 ( doi: 10.1002 / tax.12066 ).
  • Fred Kattermann: Eriosyce (Cactaceae): the genus revised and amplified . Succulent plant research. Volume 1, David Hunt, Richmond 1994, ISBN 0-9517234-2-1 .
  • Fred Kattermann: The new monograph of the genus Eriosyce: an overview . In: Cacti and other succulents . Volume 45, Number 11, 1994, pp. 225-229.
  • Fred Kattermann: SEM observations of the seed of the genus Eriosyce . In: Haseltonia . Volume 2, 1994, pp. 47-60.
  • Reto Nyffeler, Urs Eggli: Comparative Stem Anatomy and Systematics of Eriosyce sensu lato (Cactaceae) . In: Annals of Botany . Volume 80, 1997, pp. 767-786 ( PDF file ).

Web links

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