Egnach

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Egnach
Egnach coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of ThurgauCanton of Thurgau Thurgau (TG)
District : Arbonw
BFS no. : 4411i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 9314 (Steinebrunn)
9315 Neukirch
9322 (Egnach)
UN / LOCODE : CH STB (Steinebrunn)
Coordinates : 746 035  /  267 908 coordinates: 47 ° 32 '44 "  N , 9 ° 22' 43"  O ; CH1903:  seven hundred and forty-six thousand and thirty-five  /  267 908
Height : 400  m above sea level M.
Height range : 395-548 m above sea level M.
Area : 18.43  km²
Residents: 4711 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 256 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.egnach.ch
Community center in Neukirch (Egnach)

Community center in Neukirch (Egnach)
Location of the municipality
Emerzer Weier Biesshofer Weier Schlossweier SG Bodensee Kanton St. Gallen Kanton St. Gallen Bezirk Kreuzlingen Bezirk Weinfelden Amriswil Arbon Dozwil Egnach Hefenhofen Horn TG Kesswil Roggwil TG Romanshorn Salmsach Sommeri UttwilMap of Egnach
About this picture
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Egnach is a municipality and a town in the district of Arbon of the Swiss canton Thurgau . It is located in Oberthurgau.

Until 2002 Egnach was a unified community .

geography

The political community Egnach is located on the shores of Lake Constance between Arbon and Romanshorn . It covers 18.50 km², of which 16.4 km² are cultivated land, 0.75 km² are forest and 2.8 km are adjacent to the lake.

The extensive scattered settlement includes the settlement centers Egnach on Lake Constance, Neukirch and Steinebrunn on the Amriswil – Arbon road connection, as well as 61 hamlets and farms, including Buch, Hegi, Winden (formerly Kügelis winds) and Burkartshaus . The seat of the municipal administration is in Neukirch.

history

Amriswilerstrasse in Steinebrunn with the Messmerhaus and Gallus Chapel.
Egnach with the SBB train station on the Romanshorn – Rorschach line in 1928
Steinebrunn in 1957

In the 8th / 9th In the 19th century, the Alemanni cleared the Egnach part of the Arbon Forest. Some place names suggest that the area was already inhabited by the Celts and Romans . The Egnach primeval forest was crossed by the Roman military road that led from Arbor felix (Arbon) to Ad fines ( Pfyn ).

Egnach is believed to have belonged to the Konstanz Bishopric in the 9th century and was administered by the Episcopal Constance Upper Bailiwick of Arbon. The St. Gallen monastery also acquired real estate in Egnach, which led to competing legal claims between abbot and bishop (Treaty 854). In 1155 Egnach was first mentioned as Egena . In the late Middle Ages , Egnach was an episcopal-Constantine property focus, which the Kehlhöfe in Egnach, Erdhausen and Wiedehorn ( Urbar 1302) prove. After the conquest of Thurgau by the Confederates in 1460, the new sovereigns opposed the episcopal claims. While the lower jurisdiction remained in the hands of the bishop until 1798, in 1509 he lost the high jurisdiction to the federal bailiff in Thurgau. With the opening in 1544 Egnach received its own lower court.

Ecclesiastically, Egnach always belonged to the parish of Arbon. In 1515 a mass benefice was set up in the Jakobskapelle in Erdhausen , from 1588 Reformed church services were held. The Gallus Chapel in Steinebrunn remained - after a long period of closure - the Catholics. The majority of the Reformed residents since 1528 were able to build a church in Neukirch (previously Mosershaus) in 1727 and henceforth formed the Reformed parish of Egnach. The Catholic residents have belonged to the Catholic parish of Steinebrunn since 1872.

Egnach was divided into 13 "Rotten" who, in addition to military training, also took on community tasks. In 1803 the municipal and local community Egnach (Egnach district) was formed, the meeting place was Neukirch. In 1857 the Rotten Feilen and Frasnacht (Inner-Egnach), who were not involved in the formation of the new parish Egnach, separated from Egnach and formed the local parish of Frasnacht, which belonged to the Arbon municipality. In 1858 Lengwil and Ballen were separated from the local and municipal municipality of Roggwil and assigned to the municipality of Egnach. In 1870 the spatially identical local and municipal parishes of Egnach were merged to form the unitary parish of Egnach.

Egnach station

Field fruit cultivation began as early as the 18th century, which gave the area around Egnach the name " Most India ". Around 1850 traditional agriculture was replaced by cattle and dairy farming with numerous cheese dairies. Various branches of textile production flourished in Egnach, in the early 19th century the linen trade, around 1900 hand embroidery and in the 20th century mechanical and ship embroidery. In 1869 the Romanshorn – Rorschach railway line was built and Egnach was given a train station. In 1910, the construction of the Bodensee-Toggenburg Railway , which is now operated by the Südostbahn (SOB), with stations in Neukirch, Steinebrunn and Winden, followed. The opening of the two railway lines brought new economic opportunities. In 1900 a cider and fruit export cooperative was founded. In 2000 the first economic sector provided around a fifth and the second around a third of the jobs in Egnach. Despite some industrial buildings and residential areas, Egnach has kept its rural character to this day due to intensive fruit growing.

→ see also the history sections in the articles Neukirch (Egnach) , Steinebrunn TG and Winden TG

coat of arms

Egnach-coat of arms.svg

Blazon : In white a green tree with four red pears above a wavy blue shield base .

The coat of arms refers to the importance of fruit growing around Egnach and the lake area of ​​the municipality.

population

Population development in the municipality of Egnach
Population development of the local and unitary municipality
year 1850 1860 1900 1910 1950 2000 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018
Residents 3344 2622 2755 3166 3301 4153 4303 4562 4681 4692 4702

Of the total of 4,702 inhabitants in the municipality of Egnach in 2018, 611 or 12.10% were foreign nationals. The village of Egnach had 2049 residents at that time.

economy

In 2016 Egnach offered work to 188 people (converted to full-time positions). 8.4% of them worked in agriculture and forestry, 54.8% in industry, trade and construction and 36.8% in the service sector.

Attractions

tourism

There is a campsite right on the shores of Lake Constance. There is also the possibility of a holiday on the farm. The Egnach Transport and Improvement Association (VVE) has set itself the goal of preserving and promoting traffic, landscape and culture in Egnach.

schools

Secondary school in Neukirch

Four primary schools in Egnach, Neukirch, Hegi and Steinebrunn allow the students decentralized teaching. The upper level with primary and secondary school is located in Neukirch. The first schools were established in the 18th century. There were no trained teachers, and those who felt called upon made their rooms available and called themselves schoolmasters. The students paid their school fees in hand every week and brought a log of wood for the stove in winter. Dozens of children of all ages now crammed themselves into wide benches and learned to spell. Schools in Olmishausen, Ringenzeichen, Wilen, Hegi and Mosershaus near the new church were built across the extensive community area. Everyone went to the school they liked, and so the students crisscrossed the community. In Steinebrunn the beneficiary taught the Catholic students.

After the founding of the Canton of Thurgau, a school law was passed for the first time in 1833. Five primary school communities were defined in Egnach: Wilen, Olmishausen, Hegi, Ringenzeichen and Neukirch. With the village of Egnach in 1880 there were six. The first ideas for a secondary school led to the founding of the secondary school in 1854. A further education school was also established in the 19th century. An important milestone was the founding of the final class school in 1955, which then became the secondary school . In the year 2000 all schools in Egnach were connected to the primary school community with an administration. In 2016 the inauguration of the new Neukirch secondary school took place.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Egnach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b Thurgau in figures 2019 . On the website of the Statistical Office of the Canton of Thurgau (PDF file; 1.8 MB), accessed on April 28, 2020.
  3. ↑ a b Localities and their resident population. Edition 2019 . On the website of the Statistical Office of the Canton of Thurgau (Excel table; 0.1 MB), accessed on April 28, 2020.
  4. ↑ a b c municipal coat of arms . On the website of the State Archives of the Canton of Thurgau, accessed on December 8, 2019
  5. ↑ a b c d e Verena Rothenbühler: Egnach. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
    These sections are largely based on the entry in the Historical Lexicon of Switzerland (HLS), which, according to the HLS's usage information, is under the Creative Commons license     - Attribution - Share under the same conditions 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).
  6. ↑ a b Population development of the municipalities. Canton Thurgau, 1850–2000 and resident population of the municipalities and change from the previous year. Canton of Thurgau, 1990–2018. On the website of the Statistical Office of the Canton of Thurgau (Excel tables; 0.1 MB each), accessed on April 28, 2020.

Remarks

  1. ↑ after separation from Frasnacht