Elmpt (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Elmpt

The Lords of Elmpt , Imperial Counts since 1790 , were an old noble family, originally from the Rhineland , who also achieved fame and reputation in Tsarist Russia .

history

The name of the family appeared as early as the first half of the 13th century. In 1203 the noblemen of Elmpt are referred to as Elmet or Elmid , when Theodoricus de Elmid testified to a contract between Duke Heinrich I of Nieder-Lorraine and Count Otto I of Geldern . The name given to the family and to their farm standing Weiler varied. In the years 1243, 1300, 1326 and 1363 it was already Elmpt (h), and in 1400 the farms that merged to form a village also appear as Elmpt .

In 1233 Gobelo is mentioned by Elmete . He was Knight and Gelderner vassal . After he married Margarethe, the wealthy heiress of Bruno von Hückelhoven , he sat at Hückelhoven Castle.

The progenitor Wilhelm von Elmete (first documented mention 1361-1406) married Agnes von Vianden in 1361 . One of her three sons moved to the island of Ösel , where he belonged to the Ösel knighthood . In 1450 his son Johann van Elmete bequeathed his inheritance to the children of his sister Bela at the cathedral in Reval . Bela herself founded a vicarie in the virgin monastery in Reval.

As a result of the marriage of the Guda von Elmpt, the von Elmpt came into possession of the firm Dilborn in 1363 . A property in Hottorf , the Elmpter Hof , was also part of the extensive property portfolio. It was divided in 1448, the second half remained in the possession of the von Elmpt family until 1800 as a Jülich fiefdom.

Aachen line

Stefan von Elmpt was canon of the Aachen Marienstift in 1354 . In 1372 Godart, son of Wilhelm von Elmpt, announced the feud as an assistant to Johann von Kievelberg and sealed it with the family coat of arms . When Oetgin von Elmpt acknowledged the city's wages for services rendered in 1394, he also sealed it with the family coat of arms, but covered by a toothed right-angled bar . Hermann von Elmpt, in turn, sealed the family coat of arms in 1424 and in 1450 belonged to the Aachen patrician society of the Löwenberg , to which Heinrich von Elmpt belonged as early as 1414. In the 15./16. In the 19th century there were two branches of Elmpt in Aachen. One owns bath houses , the other belongs to the goldsmith's guild .

Burgau line

Burgau Castle

Their seat was Burgau . The fiefdom of the Heinsberg rulership was originally called Au, Auwa, then Burg zur Au. Wilhelm von Elmpt was married to the heiress. After the knight Adam zu Burgau had appointed Wilhelm von Elmpt as heir to his entire property in 1467 before Count Johann von Nassau and Saarbrücken, Herr zu Heinsberg , Wilhelm was enfeoffed with castle and glory Burgau in 1475. The son Johann followed in Burgau. With the with Cecilia from the Bongart married Heinrich Adam of Elmpt († 1594), princely jülichscher Kredenzer , the continued regular series continues. In 1645 Johann Heinrich von Elmpt zu Burgau was the imperial captain. When he fell during the siege of Munster in 1657 , he was the Palatinate-Neuburg Chamberlain, General and Governor of Düren .

As a result of a marriage contract dated February 13, 1674 between Daniel von Elmpt and Maria Anna Katharina von Wolff-Metternich and the stipulated gift of the glory of Burgau to the surviving wife, Burgau came into the possession of her brother in 1705, after 1704 the only son from the Elmpt-Burgau-Wolff-Metternich marriage had died. The Wolff-Metternich family (called Elmpt zu Burgau) was able to maintain ownership against the claims of the still existing Elmpt branch for 80 years, until the Burgau fiefdom was finally awarded to the Elmpt line by the highest Jülich-Bergisch court in 1784.

Branch Elmpt

Heinrich Adams († 1594) son Johann von Elmpt founded a branch to Elmpt. His son Wilhelm († 1710) married the heiress Anna Margaretha von Dammerscheidt and became master of Dammerscheidt. The only son Caspar von Elmpt (* February 12, 1679, † 1730) received the imperial baron status .

As early as 1701 the von Rohe family had acquired the Elmpt house and estate from the Geloes, descendants of the von Elmpt family. Elmpt was only in raw hands until 1759, when Adolphine von Geloes, mistress of Dilborn Castle, bought the property back.

Of the three grandchildren of Wilhelm, Franz Philipp became Imperial-Royal Lieutenant Field Marshal , Commander of Prague , and Karl Joseph became a captain in the Birkenfeld Regiment. The youngest, Johann Martin von Elmpt (born September 13, 1726, † February 10, 1802), went into Russian service and rose to the position of Imperial Russian Field Marshal and General Commander of Livonia . He acquired goods, was the owner of Gut Schwitten in Courland in 1788 , and among other things was inherited from and on Luschosno. Elector Karl Theodor von der Pfalz in the imperial vicariate raised him to the rank of imperial count on May 25, 1790 . The three brothers von Elmpt had obtained the re- immission into the Burgau fiefdom against the Wolff-Metternich family in 1784 , which the Wolff-Metternichs did not formally renounce until 1789. Initially, the three brothers owned the Burgau estate together, but until 1794 Johann Martin von Elmpt, who was in Russian service, acquired the sole rights to Burgau.

The only son from his marriage to Gottliebe Dorothea von Korff , Philipp (* October 10, 1763, † May 22, 1818) also pursued a military career, was lieutenant general , and married Anna Magdalena von Baranoff . She was the chief stewardess of the Grand Duchess Helena Pavlovna of Russia. The marriage remained without a male successor.

Of the two daughters, the younger, Cäcilie Philippine (* February 11, 1812 - September 5, 1892), court master of Tsarina Alexandra , married the Imperial Russian adjutant general and lieutenant general Joseph von Anrep . This and his children were allowed by the imperial Russian Senate to organize a name and coat of arms association . On July 1, 1853, this act was approved by Tsar Nicholas I. The agnatic line of the couple led from then on the count's name from Anrep-Elmpt .

Branch drove

Its seat was Drove Castle . Johann von Elmpt zu Burgau married Katharina von Wevorden called Drove. As a result, a third of the Drove rule fell to that of Elmpt in 1532 . The marriage resulted in Heinrich, Adam (Daem), Gerhard, Bertram and Katharina. In 1565, when she married Freiherr Wilhelm von und zu Vlatten and Obermaubach, daughter Katharina received the Oberembt farm as a dowry , which her mother Katharina had already brought into her marriage. 1589–1683 there were further divisions of inheritance regarding the Drove rule between the von Elmpt and the von Wevorden. The son Adam von Elmpt zu Drove († 1622) apparently entered into improper relationships. First with Katharina Groll, then with Gertrud Dierichsweiler. The siblings Bertram von Elmpt zu Drove, Katharina, Gertrud, Margaretha and Maria emerged from the last alliance, who were considered illegitimate, but received boarding fees and leases from their father's farm in Drove. Wilhelm von Elmpt, son of the illegitimate Bertram von Elmpt zu Drove, sued in 1673 for the enforcement of an immission notice from 1644. From 1692 Henrica Waldbott claimed the successor of her childless deceased uncle (mother brother) Wilhelm von Elmpt zu Drove and her mother Gertrud von Elmpt in half of the leaning yard Hottorf and 1/5 of the leaning yard Ralshoven in Jülichschen. This was denied to her because she was an illegitimate child.

In 1720 Baron Wolfgang Christoph von Rohe appeared as Lord of Elmpt and Drove. The von Rohe family had already acquired the house and estate of Elmpt in 1701 from the Geloes, descendants of the von Elmpt family. The barons of Rohe (actually called Rohe by Obsinnich ) were like those of Elmpt descendants of those of Wevorden called Drove.

coat of arms

  • Coat of arms of the Barons of Elmpt

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Elmpt

Elmpt 1790: A red lily in gold with a green, left- facing parakeet on each side ( family coat of arms ). A count's crown rests on the shield , on it a crowned (or covered with a red and gold bead ) helmet with the shield image between two golden buffalo horns. The ceilings are red and gold.

The Elmpt'sche coat of arms is attached to the bay window of the residential tower built in 1551 in Burgau Castle . There the parakeets are right-handed. Here, however, the shield and helmet are turned towards the wife's coat of arms as a counterpart to an alliance coat of arms, whereby in heraldry the complete shield content was often mirrored in order to express the affection towards the wife more clearly.

The split coat of arms of the Lower Rhine community of Niederkrüchten with the district of Elmpt comes from the coat of arms of the landlords of Elmpt in the first half. The second half of the shield indicates the coat of arms of the noble lords of Brempt, who exercised landlord rights in Niederkrüchten in the 13th century.

The coat of arms of those of Elmpt was added to the coat of arms of the von Elmpt from 1731 of Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht (called Elmpt zu Burgau) because the family had owned the properties of the Elmpt-Burgau line for 80 years before the Elmpt'schen agnates took over the Re- Could gain immission .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Elmpt house
  2. ^ Hermann Friedrich Macco , Aachener Wappen und Genealogien , Volume 1, Aachen 1907 ( page no longer available , search in web archives: digitized )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com
  3. ↑ Helmut Krebs: Niederau Krauthausen and the rule of Burgau. The story of a separate entity. Verlag Hahne & Schloemer, Düren 1997, p. 115
  4. ↑ a b Burgau Castle ( Memento of the original dated June 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 296 kB) in the Duncker Collection @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zlb.de
  5. ↑ a b Niederkrüchten in old views
  6. ↑ a b 1720: Landesarchiv NRW Rhineland department: Reich Chamber of Commerce, Part II CD or 1736: State Archives NRW Rhineland department: Reich Chamber Court , Part VII: PR
  7. ↑ a b Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : German count houses of the present: in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation. 3. Volume AZ, Verlag TO Weigel, Leipzig 1854, p. 97 f.
  8. ^ Lineage on GeneAll.net
  9. ↑ Obermaubach Castle
  10. ^ Historical archive of the city of Cologne: Best. 1059 Jungbluth, Josef
  11. ^ Landesarchiv NRW Rhineland department: Reich Chamber of Commerce, Part III: EG
  12. ^ Landesarchiv NRW Rhineland department: Reich Chamber of Commerce, Part: IV H
  13. ↑ Friedrich Everhard von Mering : History of the castles, manors, abbeys and monasteries in the Rhineland , Cologne 1840 ( digitized version )
  14. ↑ Main statute of the community of Niederkrüchten, § 2. (PDF; 31 kB) Retrieved on December 3, 2012 .
  15. ^ Bernhard Peter: Gymnich Palace