Eriosyce
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Phil. |
Eriosyce is a genus from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The generic name is derived from the two Greek words erion for "wool" and syke for "fig tree" or " fig " and refers to the woolen fruits .
description
They are spherical to cylindrical plants that rarely sprout. The plants reach heights of growth of up to 1 m and have a diameter of up to 50 cm. They form 7 to 30 ribs on which the thorn-bearing areoles sit. The ribs are deepened between the areoles. The flowers usually appear near the apex, are funnel-shaped and yellow to red in color. The fruits are hollow berries , often covered with wool , in which the seeds are usually loose. Often the berries tear open at the base. The seeds are 0.7 to 3 mm long.
distribution
The distribution area of the genus is in southern Peru , extends south to central Chile and west to central Argentina . The species of the genus colonize altitudes up to 3000 m.
Systematics
After the revision by Fred Kattermann in 1994, the genre contains a large number of formerly independent genres. These synonyms include Neoporteria Britton & Rose , Pyrrhocactus A. Berger , Islaya Backeb. , Friesia Frič , Chilenia Backeb. , Chileniopsis Backeb. , Horridocactus Backeb. , Hildmannia Cross. & Buining , Neochilenia Backeb. ex Dölz , Ceratistes Byles , Thelocephala Y.Itō , Rodentiophila F.Ritter , Chileorebutia Frič ex F.Ritter , Delaetia Backeb. and Rimacactus Mottram .
The type species of the genus is Echinocactus sandillon .
According to Fred Kattermann, the genus is broken down into two sections, each with three subsections, based on flower and fruit characteristics:
- Section Eriosyce
- Eriosyce subsection
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Eriosyce aurata ( whistle ) Backeb.
- Eriosyce aurata subsp. aurata
- Eriosyce aurata subsp. spinibaris (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce rodentiophila F.Ritter
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Eriosyce aurata ( whistle ) Backeb.
- Subsection Pyrrhocactus (A.Berger) Katt.
- Eriosyce andreaeana Katt.
- Eriosyce bulbocalyx (Werderm.) Katt.
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Eriosyce strausiana (K.Schum.) Katt.
- Eriosyce strausiana var. Pachacoensis (Rausch) Katt.
- Eriosyce strausiana var. Strausiana
- Eriosyce umadeave (Frič ex Werderm.) Katt.
- Eriosyce vertongenii (JGLamb.) DRHunt
- Eriosyce villicumensis (Rausch) Katt.
- Subsection Islaya (Backeb.) Katt.
- Eriosyce islayensis (CFforest.) Katt.
- Eriosyce omasensis (Ostolaza & Mischler) Ostolaza
- Eriosyce subsection
- Section Neoporteria
- Subsection Neoporteria (Britton & Rose) Katt.
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Eriosyce chilensis (Hildm. Ex K.Schum.) Katt.
- Eriosyce chilensis var. Albidiflora (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce chilensis var. Chilensis
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Eriosyce senilis (cheek.) Katt.
- Eriosyce senilis subsp. coimasensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce senilis subsp. elquiensis Katt.
- Eriosyce senilis subsp. senilis
- Eriosyce sociabilis (F.Ritter) Katt.
-
Eriosyce subgibbosa (Haw.) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. clavata (Söhrens ex K.Schum.) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. nigrihorrida (Backeb.) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. subgibbosa
- Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. vallenarensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa subsp. wagenknechtii (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa var. Castanea (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa var. Litoralis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce subgibbosa var. Subgibbosa
- Eriosyce villosa (Monv.) Katt.
-
Eriosyce chilensis (Hildm. Ex K.Schum.) Katt.
- Subsection Horridocactus (Backeb.) Katt.
-
Eriosyce aspillagae (Söhrens) Katt.
- Eriosyce aspillagae subsp. aspillagae
- Eriosyce aspillagae subsp. maechlerorum Helmut Walter
- Eriosyce confinis (F.Ritter) Katt.
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Eriosyce crispa (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce crispa subsp. atroviridis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce crispa subsp. crispa
- Eriosyce crispa subsp. totoralensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce crispa var. Carrizalensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce crispa var. Huascensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
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Eriosyce curvispina (Bertero ex Colla) Katt.
- Eriosyce curvispina subsp. armata (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce curvispina subsp. curvispina
- Eriosyce curvispina subsp. tuberisulcata (Jacobi) Katt.
- Eriosyce curvispina var. Aconcaguensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce curvispina var. Choapensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce curvispina var. Curvispina
- Eriosyce curvispina var. Mutabilis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce curvispina var. Robusta (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce engleri (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce garaventae (F.Ritter) Katt.
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Eriosyce heinrichiana (Backeb.) Katt.
- Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. Heinrichiana
- Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. intermedia (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. simulans (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce heinrichiana subsp. setosiflora (F.Ritter) Katt.
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Eriosyce kunzei (CFFörst.) Katt.
- Eriosyce kunzei var. Kunzei
- Eriosyce kunzei var. Transitensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce limariensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
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Eriosyce marksiana (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce marksiana var. Gracilis (F. Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce marksiana var. Lissocarpa (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce marksiana var. Marksiana
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Eriosyce napina (Phil.) Katt.
- Eriosyce napina subsp. duripulpa (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce napina subsp. lembckei Katt.
- Eriosyce napina subsp. napina
- Eriosyce occulta Katt.
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Eriosyce odieri (Lem. Ex Salm-Dyck) Katt.
- Eriosyce odieri subsp. fulva (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce odieri subsp. glabrescens (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce odieri subsp. odieri
- Eriosyce odieri var. Monte-amargensis Katt.
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Eriosyce recondita (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce recondita subsp. iquiquensis (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce recondita subsp. recondita
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Eriosyce taltalensis (Hutchison) Katt.
- Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. echinus (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. paucicostata (F. Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. pilispina (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce taltalensis subsp. taltalensis
- Eriosyce taltalensis var. Floccosa (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce taltalensis var. Pygmea (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce taltalensis var. Taltalensis
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Eriosyce aspillagae (Söhrens) Katt.
- Subsection Chileosyce Katt.
- Eriosyce aerocarpa (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce esmeraldana (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce krausii (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Eriosyce tenebrica (F.Ritter) Katt.
- Subsection Neoporteria (Britton & Rose) Katt.
Outside the classification is:
- Eriosyce laui Lüthy (Syn .: Rimacactus laui (Lüthy) Mottram )
The following names, among others, are of unclear application, but belong to this genus: Echinocactus jussieui Monv. ex Salm-Dyck (1850), Echinocactus nigricans A.Dietr. ex K.Schum. (1898) and Echinocactus occultus Phil. (1860).
supporting documents
- Urs Eggli: The large cactus lexicon. German edition, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , pp. 254-255
Individual evidence
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 254-271 .
further reading
- Pablo C. Guerrero, Helmut E. Walter, Mary TK Arroyo, Carol M. Peña, Italo Tamburrino, Marta De Benedictis, Isabel Larridon: Molecular phylogeny of the large South American genus Eriosyce (Notocacteae, Cactaceae): Generic delimitation and proposed changes in inquiring and species ranks . In: Taxon . Volume 68, No. 3, 2019, pp. 557-573 ( doi: 10.1002 / tax.12066 ).
- Fred Kattermann: Eriosyce (Cactaceae): the genus revised and amplified . Succulent plant research. Volume 1, David Hunt, Richmond 1994, ISBN 0-9517234-2-1 .
- Fred Kattermann: The new monograph of the genus Eriosyce: an overview . In: Cacti and other succulents . Volume 45, Number 11, 1994, pp. 225-229.
- Fred Kattermann: SEM observations of the seed of the genus Eriosyce . In: Haseltonia . Volume 2, 1994, pp. 47-60.
- Reto Nyffeler, Urs Eggli: Comparative Stem Anatomy and Systematics of Eriosyce sensu lato (Cactaceae) . In: Annals of Botany . Volume 80, 1997, pp. 767-786 ( PDF file ).
Web links
- Comprehensive page on the genus Eriosyce with location photos (Spanish, English)