Ernst Friedel

Ernst Friedel

Ernst Friedel (before 1890)

Ernst Friedel (around / before 1890)

Ernst August Friedel (born June 23, 1837 in Berlin ; † March 10, 1918 there ) was a German local politician as well as a historian and local researcher .

Live and act

Ernst Friedel was the second son of the private scholar Carl Gottlob Friedel, who also taught him at the beginning. This was followed by schooling in the Dorotheenstadt high school and in the Friedrichswerder high school , which he left in 1856 with the Abitur. Then he studied law, economics, archeology and natural history, especially zoology, at the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin .

After graduation, he was in 1859 Kammergerichts- Auscultator , 1864 Gerichtsassessor the Municipal Court in 1869 Circuit Judge of the Royal District Court Commission Koepenick . In 1873 he entered the administrative service of his hometown as a city councilor. There he took on various functions over the years with the road construction police, the park deputation and the management of the poor. He worked on archive, library and museum matters and was chairman of the board of trustees for the funeral industry.

He was involved in the creation of Viktoriapark , Schillerpark , Kleiner Tiergarten and Volkspark Humboldthain , Arkonaplatz , Teutoburger Platz and Hansaplatz , public libraries and the central cemetery in Friedrichsfelde , which he himself had chosen as his final resting place. When he retired in 1909, he was awarded the title of City Elder of Berlin . In 1880 he received the Red Eagle Order 4th Class and in 1894 he was given the title of Privy Councilor . Friedelstrasse has existed in Rixdorf (today Neukölln) since 1895 . A commemorative coin was minted for his 70th birthday.

Friedel published many articles on law, colonial, trade and economic policy, regional studies, folklore, natural science, art history and family history. In 1874 he became the creator and until 1906 the first director of the Märkisches Provinzialmuseum in Berlin . Friedel "collected and researched himself and almost every weekend set out on hiking trips with some like-minded people in the Mark Brandenburg, during which 'some treasures of the past could be found'." From 1884 to 1891 he was chairman of the Association for the History of Berlin . In 1892 he resigned after conflicts over the way the association worked.

“But it was impossible for a man who was so enthusiastic about exploring the Brandenburg homeland as Friedel to give up a thought that had once been taken. He realized that only the foundation of his own firmly organized scientific association could lead him to the desired goal, and a small circle of loyal friends and colleagues. He still had the care of the Märkisches Museum to carry out his plans, and he turned to these long-term employees, to these constant companions on his hiking trips, to establish the desired association and to accept the statutes on March 20 of that year by the assembled, then On the basis of the latter, the establishment of the new society [ "Brandenburgia" Society for Local Studies of the Province of Brandenburg in Berlin ] was carried out. "Friedel became its chairman and later honorary chairman. On September 20, 1899, Friedel was accompanied by carers from the Märkisches Museum at the so-called royal grave of Seddin . After the long-time carer Hermann Maurer was the first to enter the grave chamber that was opened and damaged during earthworks, Friedel, district caretaker Friedrich-Wilhelm Heinemann from Perleberg and W. Pütz, technician from the Prussian Geological State Institute in Berlin, secured the finds and carried out an initial investigation.

In addition, Friedel was chairman of the entire association of German history and antiquity associations , since 1884 honorary member of the Niederlausitz Society for Anthropology and Antiquity , 1871 to 1918 committee chairman of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory , member of the Association for the History of the Mark and the Berlin Society for Geography .

The daughter Gesa and the son Erwin emerged from the marriage with Marie Schenk from Greifswald . Friedel was buried at his own request in the central cemetery Friedrichsfelde, which he initiated, in a central location in a roundabout next to Julius Rodenberg's grave. His grave was leveled in 1973, but not re-covered.

Friedel and the German colonial movement

Little is known today that Friedel and his friend Franz (Theodor) Maurer were among the founders of the German colonial movement. Friedel and Maurer met regularly to discuss the necessity and possibilities of acquiring colonies for Prussia . "Back then, d. H. Before the Franco-Prussian War , there was also an association in Berlin of two, later three, persons who in the same way endeavored to study the important questions of colonization and emigration only in silence . They met on a Sunday or two a month to discuss matters for which their hearts were beating and of which they expected so much for the greatness and prosperity of Germany. Dr. Ernst Friedel, at that time assessor here and always tirelessly active in charitable matters, was the one who had several years ago Franz Maurer, one of the editors of the Vossische Zeitung and known for his good geographic work, the second, and they joined them at that time as third [Otto Kersten] the author of these lines too. "

Maurer conveyed that Friedel wrote occasionally for the Vossische Zeitung . "By the way, Friedel has the merit of ... first going public with a specific, detailed note on the establishment of a colony [ namely in Taiwan ]." Friedel and Maurer were the spokesmen for "a group of geographers ... that began as early as the late 1860s had advertised plans to steer emigration and colonial expansion without much echo. ”In 1867, Kersten , who later founded the Central Association for Commercial Geography and Promotion of German Interests Abroad , which existed from 1879 to 1881 , joined them. “One year after Königgrätz , this group tried in vain to use a joint initiative to draw the interest of the public and the government to colonial questions. Each of them advertised a special colonial project in a brochure: “They each published a book on an overseas territory that seemed free and suitable for colonization. Friedel suggested German colonies in East Asia and the Indian Ocean in his book . Friedel remained connected to the colonial idea, also joined the Central Association for Commercial Geography founded by Kersten in 1879 - with membership number 147 - and became a member of the successor organization, the German Colonial Society , but in the 1870s he turned his main attention to local politics and research into history Berlin to.

Publications

• About German colonization under Prussian leadership (4 parts). In: Vossische Zeitung . October 13, 15, 18 and 19, 1865.
• The project of a Prussian-German colony on Formosa (2 parts). In: Vossische Zeitung . February 3 and 7, 1865.
• The establishment of Prussian-German colonies in the Indian and Great Oceans with special consideration for Eastern Asia . Eichhoff, Berlin 1867.
• The Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages in the Province of Brandenburg . Nicolai, Berlin 1878.
• Prehistoric finds from Berlin and the surrounding area. Festschrift for the XI. General assembly of the German Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory (= writings of the Association for the History of Berlin, Volume 17). Mittler in Komm. For the publishing house of the Verein für die Geschichte Berlins, Berlin 1880, 2nd edition 1881.
• The German imperial city of Berlin. City stories, things to see and to know from the capital and its surroundings . Spamer, Berlin / Leipzig 1882. Digitized by the Central and State Library Berlin, 2015. URN urn: nbn: de: kobv: 109-1-10263762 ; Reprint: Schacht, Berlin 1981.
• From the early days of fishing. Lecture . Habel, Berlin 1884.
• On the history of the Nicolaische Buchhandlung and the house at Brüderstraße 13 in Berlin . Nicolai, Berlin 1891; Reprinted in: Bernhard Fabian: On the history of the Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung . Olms, Hildesheim [u. a.] 2006, ISBN 3-487-11956-0 .
• as editor with Robert Mielke : Regional Studies of the Province of Brandenburg . 5 volumes plus 1 overview map of the province of Brandenburg (volume 5 never appeared). D. Reimer, Berlin 1909-1916.

literature

• Franz Theodor Maurer: The Nicobars. Colonial history and description together with motivated suggestions for the colonization of these islands by Prussia. Heymann, Berlin 1867.
• Otto Kersten: Prehistory of the association . In: Central Association for Commercial Geography and Promotion of German Interests Abroad (Ed.): Geographical News for World Trade and Economics. Organ for Emigration and Colonization . Volume 1, 1879, p. 32.
• Association for the History of Berlin (Ed.): Ernst Friedel, City Councilor of Berlin, first chairman of the Association for the History of Berlin. Remembering the celebration of his twenty-fifth anniversary of service . Publishing house of the Association for the History of Berlin, Berlin 1884.
• Adolf Hinrichsen: The literary Germany . 2. increased and improved edition, Verlag des "Literarisches Deutschlands" [u. a.], Berlin [u. a.] 1891.
• Festschrift to celebrate the seventieth birthday of its first chairman of the secret government council and city councilor Ernst Friedel . Stankiewicz, Berlin 1907, p. 34 (= archive of "Brandenburgia", Society for Local History of the Province of Brandenburg in Berlin, Volume 12)
• V [oigt]: Ernst Friedel † . In: "Brandenburgia". Monthly newspaper of the Society for Local Studies of the Province of Brandenburg in Berlin . 26th year, Berlin 1918, pp. 49–58.
• Obituary. In: Journal of Ethnology . Volume 50, 1918, pp. 172-173.
• Obituary. In: Niederlausitzer Mitteilungen . Volume 14, 1918, pp. I-II.
• Ernst Friedel † . In: Monthly newspaper of the Society for Pomeranian History and Archeology . Volume 32, 1918, p. 18.
• Georg Minden : Ernst Friedel † . In: Journal of the Association for Folklore . de Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig 1918, p. 196.
• Hermann Christern: German Biographical Yearbook. Transition volume 2. 1917–1920 . Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart, Berlin [a. a.] 1928.
• Albert Kiekebusch : Memorial service for Ernst Friedel on March 10, 1928 . In: Brandenburgia . Volume 37, 1928, p. 63 f.
• Friedrich Solger : Ernst Friedel . In: Brandenburgia . Volume 46 (1937), Berlin 1938, pp. 1-7.
• Hans Gummel : History of Research in Germany . Berlin 1938, p. 416.
• Michael Hofmann: Ernst Friedel's work for research on prehistory and early history in the former province of Brandenburg . In: Ethnographic-Archaeological Journal . Volume 28, 1987, pp. 393-404.
• Kai Michel: The history of the Märkisches Provinzial-Museum . In: Yearbook City Museum Berlin Foundation . Volume 2, 1996, pp. 180-195, ISBN 3-7861-2255-5 .
• Hainer Weißpflug: From Victoriapark to the Märkisches Museum . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 3, 1998, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 56-60 ( luise-berlin.de ).
• Jens Schneeweiß: Three dugout canoes from the Märkisches Museum in Berlin. (PDF; 2.5 MB) In: Skyllis . 2nd year, 1999, 2nd issue, pp. 108–117, ISSN  1436-3372 (with a portrait photo)
• Werner Vogel : Friedel, Ernst . In: Friedrich Beck and Eckart Henning (eds.): Brandenburgisches Biographisches Lexikon (= individual publication by the Brandenburg Historical Commission, Volume 5). Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam 2002, ISBN 3-935035-39-X , pp. 118–119 (with portrait).

Web links

Wikisource: Ernst Friedel  - Sources and full texts

Commons : Ernst Friedel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Ernst Friedel in the catalog of the German National Library
• Ernst August Friedel (1837-1918)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Friedelstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
2. ^ Kai Michel: The history of the Märkisches Provinzial-Museum . In: Yearbook City Museum Berlin Foundation . Volume 2, 1996, pp. 180-195, here p. 184.
3. ^ Gustav Albrecht: Ernst Friedel 1837–1907. A commemorative sheet for the 70th birthday . In: Archive of the "Brandenburgia" Society for Local Lore of the Province of Brandenburg in Berlin . Volume 12, 1907, pp. 3–64, here p. 55. The six other founding members included u. a. Robert Mielke and Hermann Maurer.
4. ↑ Otto Kersten: Prehistory of the association . In: Central Association for Commercial Geography and Promotion of German Interests Abroad (Ed.): Geographical News for World Trade and Economics. Organ for Emigration and Colonization . Volume 1, 1879, p. 32.
5. ↑ Compare the article Ernst Friedel: About German Colonization under Prussian leadership (4 parts). In: Vossische Zeitung . October 13, 15, 18 and 19, 1865 and The project of a Prussian-German colony on Formosa (2 parts). In: Vossische Zeitung . February 3 and 7, 1865.
6. ^ Franz Maurer (* April 16, 1831 in Dedeleben; † January 27, 1872 in Charlottenburg): The Nicobars . Colonial history and description together with motivated suggestions for the colonization of these islands by Prussia . Heymann, Berlin 1867, SX
7. ↑ ^{a b} Klaus Bade : Friedrich Fabri and imperialism in the Bismarckian era. Evolution - Depression - Expansion . Atlantis-Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau 1975, also: Dissertation University of Freiburg im Breisgau, 1975, new edition: Osnabrück, Internet edition (PDF; 2.9 MB), 2005, p. 180.
8. ↑ Ernst Friedel: The establishment of Prussian-German colonies in the Indian and Great Ocean with special consideration for Eastern Asia, a study in the area of ​​trade and economic policy . Eichhoff, Berlin 1867.
9. ↑ On November 17, 1899, Friedel and Hermann Maurer (* July 30, 1861; † February 25, 1933), son of Franz Maurer, who died young and formerly Mündel Friedels, brought interested members of the Brandenburgia Society for Local History of the Brandenburg Province to Berlin through the German Colonial Museum in Berlin, Alt Moabit 1 (today approx. between Katharina-Paulus- and Ella-Trebe-Straße).