Alstom ETR 470

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ETR 470
ETR 470 in SBB design in Lugano
ETR 470 in SBB design in Lugano
Number: 9 + 1 prototype
Manufacturer: Fiat Ferroviaria
Year of construction (s): 1994-1997
Retirement: 2014 (SBB)
Axis formula : (1A) '(A1)' + (1A) '(A1)' + 2'2 '+ 2'2' + (1A) '(A1)' + (1A) '(A1)' + 2'2 ' + (1A) '(A1)' + (1A) '(A1)'
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length: 236,600 mm
Empty mass: 451 t
Top speed: 200 km / h
Hourly output : 12 × 500 kW = 6000 kW
Continuous output : 12 × 490 kW = 5880 kW
Starting tractive effort: 260 kN
Power system : 3 kV =

15 kV 16.7 Hz ~

Number of traction motors: 12
Seats: 151 (1st class)

322 (2nd class)

Inside view of a Cisalpino

The ETR 470 (of Italian E lettro T reno R apido ) or colloquially Pendolino is a by Trenitalia operated Mesopotamia - tilting train from Fiat Ferroviaria with approvals in Italy , of Switzerland , Germany and Austria . The Swiss Federal Railways also used this type of vehicle until 2014 .

technology

The nine-part multiple units are derived from the FS series ETR 460, from which they differ in their equipment for two power and four train protection systems. By distributing the drive units to three pairs of wagons, the axle load could be limited to 13.5 tons. The car body inclination is controlled hydraulically and reaches a maximum inclination angle of 8 °. The data required for this is determined by inertial sensors ( gyroscopic instruments ) in the two end cars.

history

The trains were used from September 1996 to December 2015 for traffic between Italy and Switzerland. They ran on the Simplon route ( Geneva - Milan and Basel - Bern - Milan ) and the Gotthard route (Zurich - Milan and Basel - Milan). With the introduction of the Pendolino trains, the travel time between Zurich and Milan was shortened by almost an hour (32 minutes due to faster cornering, 21 minutes due to the elimination of the locomotive change in Chiasso ).

From March 1998 some courses were extended from Zurich to Stuttgart via the Gäubahn . In December 2006 these courses were discontinued.

On November 19, 2001, at the instigation of the Federal Railway Authority, DB Reise & Touristik limited the maximum train speed in Germany to 130 km / h. A review of the wheelsets by the Federal Railway Authority showed that they are overloaded with continuous use at higher speeds and that there is a risk of axle breakage.

On December 13, 2009, Cisalpino AG was dissolved. Trenitalia took over five of the nine trains, and SBB took over the other four. Since then, the trains have been operated in direct cooperation again - as before the establishment of Cisalpino AG. At the same time, the use of this type of train was limited to the Gotthard route. The maintenance of the trains was carried out by Trenitalia in Milan . As of 2010, SBB trains were serviced in Basel due to lack of maintenance.

Retirement

Starting in 2011, SBB invested a total of 12 million francs to ensure the reliability of its four trains by 2014.

The ETR 470.005 achieved a mileage of 4.2 million in April 2014. A necessary major overhaul was no longer carried out and instead the train was withdrawn from service on April 15, 2014. Then it was used as a spare part dispenser for the remaining three ETR 470 SBB. Since the SBB's sales efforts were unsuccessful, three trains (470.002, 470.003 (except 1st class end wagons), 470.005) were transferred from their stand in Dottikon to Kaiseraugst to a waste material recycling company on November 14, 2015 . At that time, the ETR 470.009 was still leased to Trenitalia in order to handle the additional traffic from Zurich to Milan to Expo 2015 .

commitment

Since December 2015, Trenitalia has only been using the ETR 470 (trains 9872, 9873, 9877 and 9878) in Frecciabianca traffic between Rome and Reggio Calabria . In the past, individual trains ran to Florence and Venice .

After test drives with a train in Greece, Trenitalia decided at the end of 2018 to have its five trains converted for use under 25 kV / 50 Hz.

Related series

Susceptibility to breakdowns

The ETR 470 were relatively prone to breakdowns. Pendolino incidents were a regular topic in the media. A private website listed all delays on the routes previously used by Cisalpino AG up to December 2012 . The name of the site is derived from the Italian word for toilet and cisalpino .

From December 2007 to December 2008, 665 of the 5936 planned trips were delayed by more than 15 minutes, 83 trips never made it to their destination. In 70 percent of the cases, the cancellations concerned trips from Milano Centrale . The delay rate of the Cisalpino-Pendolino coming from Italy was 18.4%, almost four times as high as with conventional EuroCity trains on the same route.

After an incident in the Lötschberg base tunnel on December 22, 2008, the transport staff union demanded that SBB take over maintenance of the trains or withdraw them from service. According to the contract, Trenitalia was responsible for maintenance at the time, but it neglected it. For days in mid-December 2008 she failed to properly service the trains. The SBB refused to shut it down in order to avoid rolling stock bottlenecks.

In December 2010, Edwin Dutler, President of Pro Bahn Schweiz, the Association of Swiss Rail Users, judged the ETR 470: "The SBB are talking about a demanding fleet, but it's scrap."

In May 2011 it was reported that three of the four SBB ETR 470s were roadworthy and one was being serviced, while only one of the five Trenitalia was roadworthy after a train on the Gotthard line caught fire. Although the malfunctions on the Swiss vehicles have been halved since the SBB workshop in Basel took over maintenance, maintenance remains very maintenance-intensive. For this reason, the SBB announced that it would not carry out a major overhaul of its ETR 470 after reaching 4.2 million kilometers, but rather take the trains out of service.

Incidents

Zimmerberg Base Tunnel
Burn marks on the Pendolino

2006

  • On April 11, 2006, there was a disruption in the Zimmerberg base tunnel that resulted in a fire. The ETR 470 stopped at around 8 p.m. four kilometers before the tunnel exit near Thalwil . In the penultimate car, a fire broke out in the underfloor electrical switch box due to a short circuit in the system changeover device. The train was on its way from Stuttgart to Milan and had to stop several times in Germany due to malfunctions in the system change facility. The 120 passengers were evacuated from the tunnel through the emergency shafts. Three people were referred to emergency services on suspicion of smoke inhalation.

2007

  • On April 28, 2007, a Cisalpino had to be evacuated in Kandersteg due to overheating of the bike and heavy smoke .
  • On July 31, 2007 150 passengers had to be evacuated from a Cisalpino in Como train station due to smoke development. The smoke was caused by a defective air conditioning system .

2008

  • On February 16, 2008, an ETR 470 got stuck in the Lötschberg base tunnel due to a defect. The passengers were evacuated through a cross tunnel.
  • On December 22nd, 2008, a composition of the Trenitalia had to be stopped in the Lötschberg base tunnel because the radio connection of the train control system ETCS was interrupted due to a vehicle malfunction. 200 passengers had to transfer to a replacement train in the tunnel. Trenitalia gave the reason for missed maintenance due to the relocation of maintenance from Martesana to Greco. The maintenance and repairs to the Cisalpino trains could only have been delayed or not at all. The SBB requested a relocation to Switzerland, but this was not possible due to contracts. Some of the work had been relocated to Basel since mid-2008. On the same day, the transport staff union demanded that the ETR 470 should no longer be used after four incidents per year.
  • On December 29, 2008, a composition stranded on the Brig - Basel route due to a drive failure. The defective train was turned around in Brig and driven to Domodossola , the passengers had to change to a replacement train. Trenitalia was only able to carry out the maintenance of the trains with a delay during the move of the maintenance site from Milan Martesana to Greco. The transport workers union demanded that the trains no longer be used as long as the reliability was not good. However, due to the lack of rolling stock, SBB waved it off.

2011

  • On May 17, 2011, on the ascent between Biasca and Airolo, a fire broke out in the underfloor equipment boxes of Trenitalia's ETR 470.207 without spreading into the passenger compartment.

2013

literature

  • Jürg Zbinden: The ETR 470 tilting trains from Cisalpino AG. In: Swiss Railway Review / Railway Review International 11/1999, p. 461 ff.
  • ETR 470: scapegoats or cultural assets? In: Swiss Railway Review . No. 1 , 2016, ISSN  1022-7113 , p. 24-26 .

Web links

Commons : Alstom ETR 470  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ SBB: Replacement for breakdown-prone Cisalpino. Swiss radio and television , April 16, 2012, accessed on February 13, 2013 .
  2. ^ Announcement ICE-T: in schedule operation since the end of May 1999. In: Railway technical review . 48, No. 6, 1999, p. 398 f.
  3. ↑ Report DB brakes Cisalpino-Pendolini. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International , Issue 1/2002, ISSN  1421-2811 , p. 37.
  4. ↑ bahnonline.ch (September 25, 2009): SBB and Trenitalia take over Cisalpino traffic again, Trenitalia trains 1, 4, 6, 7, 8 and SBB the four trains 2, 3, 5, 9
  5. ↑ a b ETR 470 until the end of 2014. bahnonline.ch, September 18, 2011, accessed on October 15, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Last stop: junkyard - Ciao, ciao Pendolino! , Blick.ch from November 16, 2015
  7. ↑ Dario Häusermann: A defining contemporary disappears forever - ETR 470, the Pendolino from the south. A little homage to a train that was better than you thought. schweizer-bahnen.ch
  8. ↑ Redacione: Avvicendamenti in vista per gli ETR. 470 e 610 Trenitali. In: News ferroviarie. Ferrovie.it, November 25, 2015, accessed January 23, 2016 (Italian).
  9. ↑ ETR 470 are being converted . In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . No. 1 , January 2019, ISSN  1421-2811 , p. 41 .
  10. ↑ Tina Fassbind: Old Cisalpino in the last legs. In: 20 minutes . April 7, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  11. ↑ Ronny Nicolussi: On time - but still too late. In: 20 minutes. Retrieved July 30, 2010 .
  12. ↑ Cessoalpino. Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  13. ↑ a b Cessoalpino Archive 2008. CIS statistics. In: Cessoalpino . Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  14. ↑ Gerhard Lob: Unstoppable SBB. ( Memento from November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Der Bund, December 24, 2008
  15. ↑ a b Trenitalia Cisalpinos forgot to wait. In: 20 minutes . December 23, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  16. ^ Adrian Müller: The SBB are losing their patience 20M Minuten.ch, December 24, 2008
  17. ↑ Gerhard Lob: Gotthard axis of the railway remains a problem child swissinfo.ch, December 8, 2010
  18. ↑ a b Train drivers are fed up with Cisalpino. Tages-Anzeiger, May 31, 2011, accessed September 3, 2013
  19. ↑ Final report of the Accident Investigation Board railways and ships on the moth fire on train 157 (ETR 470 'Pendolino') of CISALPINO AG from Tuesday, April 11, 2006 in the Zimmerberg base tunnel Zurich – Thalwil , April 23, 2007 (PDF; 1.8 MB)
  20. ↑ Heat on the bike - smoke in the Cisalpino. In: 20 minutes . April 30, 2007, accessed August 25, 2012 .
  21. ↑ 150 passengers evacuated from smoking Cisalpino. In: 20 minutes . July 31, 2007, accessed August 25, 2012 .
  22. ↑ Lötschberg base tunnel: defective Cisalpino evacuated. In: 20 minutes . February 16, 2008, accessed August 25, 2012 .
  23. ↑ Cisalpino is in the tunnel: 200 passengers evacuated. In: 20 minutes . December 22, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  24. ↑ a b Cisalpino stranded between Brig and Basel. In: 20 minutes . December 29, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  25. ↑ Cisalpino should stop. In: 20 minutes . December 22, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2012 .
  26. ^ Cisalpino: He is late. He's stuck in the tunnel. He makes the SBB management tremble with anger: On the way in the breakdown train. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. Retrieved May 31, 2016 .
  27. ↑ Cisalpino is on fire - 70 passengers evacuated. In: 20 minutes . May 17, 2011, accessed August 25, 2012 .
  28. ↑ Smoking Cisalpino in the main train station. Tages-Anzeiger , March 19, 2013, accessed on March 22, 2013 .