Marieluise Fleißer

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Marieluise Fleißer (born November 23, 1901 in Ingolstadt ; † February 2, 1974 there ) was a German writer who represented the New Objectivity . Fleißer's language is called "gestural speaking". She approaches the statement with immovable accuracy, according to Herta Müller in her contribution to the 20th anniversary of Fleisser's death.

Marieluise Fleißer, statue by Elisabeth Wagner

Life

Born in 1901 in Ingolstadt as the daughter of a blacksmith, toolmaker and iron trader, Marieluise Fleißer studied theater studies with Arthur Kutscher and German literature in Munich from 1920 . During this time she met Lion Feuchtwanger and through him Bertolt Brecht . Even as a young student she wrote her first drama The Washing of the Feet (later title Purgatory in Ingolstadt) . From 1925 she lived in Ingolstadt again.

Purgatory in Ingolstadt premiered in Berlin in1926. In the summer of the same year, Fleißer repeatedly visited Brecht in Augsburg, who took the opportunity to encourage Pioneers to writethe play in Ingolstadt . Fleißer had told him about the invasion of the city by soldiers who had come to the Danube for training purposes. In 1928 she got engaged to the sports swimmer Josef Haindl.

The play Pioneers in Ingolstadt was performed in Berlin in 1929 and caused one of the legendary theater scandals of the Weimar Republic . Brecht, who intervened in the direction, had intensified the play scenically: among other things, the defloration of the maid took place in a rhythmically wobbling powder booth on the open stage. Marieluise Fleißer became an undesirable person in her native Ingolstadt and was also banned from her father's house. There was also a break with Brecht.

Fleißer now lived as a freelance writer in Berlin. She broke off her engagement to Josef Haindl and entered into a bond with the journalist Hellmut Draws-Tychsen, which turned out to be an extremely stressful relationship. With him she traveled to Sweden (1929) and Andorra (1930). A pension contract concluded in 1926 with the Ullstein Verlag was dissolved during this time so that she could distance herself more from Brecht.

After a one-year pension contract with the Kiepenheuer publishing house had expired, Marieluise Fleißer had major financial problems in 1932, which even led to a suicide attempt. She returned from Berlin to Ingolstadt, where she married Josef Haindl three years later. She had to work in his tobacco shop, and he also wished she had stopped writing. In 1935 she was also partially banned from writing by the National Socialists , who put her play Pioneers in Ingolstadt and her novel Frieda Geier on the “ list of harmful and undesirable literature ”. As a result of the stalled literary activity, the reprisals by the Nazis and the tight marriage with Josef Haindl, Fleißer suffered a nervous breakdown in 1938 . In 1943 she was deployed in the war as an unskilled worker.

During the war years she worked on the drama Karl Stuart . In the last years of the war, Der stark Stamm was created , a popular piece that premiered in 1950 at the Münchner Kammerspiele . A move of Fleisser zu Brecht to East Berlin planned for 1956 failed . After the death of her husband in 1958, Fleißer closed the tobacco shop and devoted himself more to her writing. Their new discovery began at the end of the 1960s by the young authors Rainer Werner Fassbinder , Martin Sperr and Franz Xaver Kroetz . In 1971 Walter Rüdel made the film The remarkable life of Marieluise Fleißer from Ingolstadt , in which Fleißer gives information about her life. In 1972 she saw her collected works being published by Suhrkamp Verlag .

Fleißer died on February 2, 1974 in Ingolstadt and was buried in the Westfriedhof there. Her literary estate has been in the Ingolstadt City Archives since 1978.

Create

Your hometown plays a central role in Fleißer's work. Marieluise Fleißer spent almost 60 of her 72 years in Ingolstadt, where her most famous plays, her novel and several short stories are set. The province with its people, the petty-bourgeois world of the craftsmen, soldiers, schoolchildren and maids is the theme and breeding ground for many of their pieces.

Works

  • My twin sister (1923) (later under the title The Thirteen Year Olds , their first surviving and their first published text)
  • The Maid's Hour (1925)
  • The apple (1925)
  • A pound of oranges (1926)
  • Purgatory in Ingolstadt (1926), originally "The Washing of the Feet"
  • The yielding one (1927)
  • The Disappointed Girl (1927)
  • Poor Lovise (1928)
  • Pioneers in Ingolstadt drama. Arcadia-Verlag, Berlin 1929. 39 pp. (Three versions: 1928 [unprinted], 1929 and 1968)
  • A pound of oranges and nine other stories . Gustav Kiepenheuer, Berlin 1929. 207 pp. (Contents including: The goat , the fairy tale of the asphalt , adventures from the English garden , the little life , the state's good citizen , the widow woman )
  • The Furnished Lady with the Compassionate Heart (1929)
  • Sports spirit and contemporary art . Essays on the modern type of person. (1929)
  • The Deep Sea Fish (1930, first performance 1980), play in four acts, fragment
  • Andorran Adventures (1930)
  • A portrait of Buster Keaton (1930)
  • Frieda Geier, a flour traveler . Novel about smoking, exercising, loving and selling. Kiepenheuer, Berlin 1931, 342 p. (Revision under the title An ornament for the association , 1972)
  • Andorran adventures . Kiepenheuer, Berlin 1932. 189 p. (Collection)
  • The woman with the lamp . A Legend (1933)
  • The Swedish Aura (1933)
  • Today there is a masked ball in the inn ... Nimbus Wädenswil 1942, ISBN 978-3-03850-004-9 .
  • Karl Stuart , tragedy (1946, world premiere 2009, Schauspielhaus Dortmund, director: Philipp Preuss )
  • The horse and the maid (1952) (In: New literary world 3.11)
  • Avant-garde . Stories. Hanser, Munich 1963. 156 pp. (Contents include: He would have better slept through everything , avant-garde )
  • Ordinary Limbo (1963/72)
  • Those in the Dark (1965)
  • The Venusberg (1966)
  • Early encounter . Memories of Brecht. (1966)
  • Adventure from the English Garden . Stories. 1st to 5th thousand Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt a. M. 1969. 159 p. (Suhrkamp Library, Vol. 223)
  • Foundling and rebel . About Jean Genet . (1971)
  • The strong trunk (First version 1950) In: Collected Works, Volume 1 (1972)
  • I did not know the explosives (1973)
as an audio book

Literature prizes and honors

From the beginning of the 1950s, Fleißer received numerous literary prizes and honors:

  • 1951: Prize of the Board of Trustees of the Foundation for the Promotion of Literature
  • 1952: First prize in the storytelling competition of the Süddeutscher Rundfunk for The Horse and the Maiden
  • 1953: Literature Prize of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts
  • 1956: Full member of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts
  • 1961: Marieluise Fleißer receives the newly established art promotion award from the city of Ingolstadt for the first time
  • 1965: Promotion prize of the cultural group in the Federal Association of German Industry
  • 1967: Bavarian poet thaler
  • 1973: Full member of the Academy of Arts in Berlin
  • 1973: Bavarian Order of Merit

The City of Ingolstadt has awarded the Marieluise Fleißer Prize since 1981 .

In 1982 Margit Saad directed the story Adventures from the English Garden as a television film.

The Marieluise-Fleißer-Gesellschaft eV was founded on November 23, 1996 in Ingolstadt. Its goals include maintaining, developing, documenting and promoting the reception of life's work, as well as exhibitions, lectures, public relations and stimulating theater performances and setting up a memorial in Ingolstadt. The Marieluise Fleißer documentation center was originally supposed to reopen in 2019.

Since 2005 the Staatliche Realschule München III has been called the Marieluise-Fleißer-Realschule. There is a Marieluise-Fleißer-Bogen in the Neuperlach district of Munich . Streets in Haar (near Munich) , Osnabrück , Kösching and Ingolstadt are also named after her. Her hometown Ingolstadt named the local library after Marieluise Fleißer. In 2001 she was included in the definitive series Women in German History . The ICE 683 runs under your name.

literature

  • Günther Rühle (ed.): Materials on the life and writing of Marieluise Fleißer . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1973, ISBN 3-518-00594-4 .
  • Sissi Tax : marieluise fleißer - writing, surviving - a biographical attempt. Publishing house Stroemfeld / Roter Stern, Basel, Frankfurt a. M., 1984, ISBN 978-3-87877-206-4 , 333 pp.
  • Moray McGowan: Marieluise Fleisser . Beck, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-406-30780-9 .
  • Jutta Sauer : "Something between men and women". The longing of Marieluise Fleißer. , PapyRossa, Cologne 1991, ISBN 3-89438-027-6 .
  • Jung-Jun Lee: Tradition and Confrontation. The collaboration between Marieluise Fleißer and Bertolt Brecht , Lang, Frankfurt a. M. 1992, ISBN 3-631-44739-6 .
  • Ulrike Prokop : How many stories in one? About the story “The Maid's Hour” by Marieluise Fleißer. In: Freiburg literary psychological discussions. Volume 17. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1998.
  • Gérard Thiériot: Marieluise Fleisser (1901–1974) et le théâtre populaire critique en Allemagne . Editions Peter Lang, Collection Contacts, Theatrica 19, Berne et al. 1999, ISBN 3-906762-02-5 .
  • Maria E. Müller, Ulrike Vedder (ed.): Reflexive naivety. On the work of Marieluise Fleißer . E. Schmidt, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-503-04961-4 .
  • Carl-Ludwig Reichert : Marieluise Fleißer . Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-423-31054-5 .
  • Elfi Hartenstein , Annette Hülsenbeck: Marieluise Fleißer - life in balancing act. edition ebersbach, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-934703-25-9 .
  • Walter Fähnders, Helga Karrenbrock (Ed.): Authors of the Weimar Republic . Aisthesis Verlag, Bielefeld 2003, ISBN 3-89528-383-5 . (Aisthesis Study Book 5)
  • Liane Schüller: On the seriousness of distraction. Writing women of the Weimar Republic : Marieluise Fleißer, Irmgard Keun and Gabriele Tergit . Aisthesis Verlag, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-89528-506-4 .
  • Hiltrud Häntzschel : Marieluise Fleißer: A biography . Insel Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-458-17324-3 .
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: love discourses of speechlessness. On the poetics of maid love . In: Cahiers d'études germaniques. 55 (2008), pp. 49-61.
  • Hans Maier : A train from the English garden: Marieluise Fleißer (1997) . In: Ders .: Culture and Political World . Collected writings Volume III, Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57156-5 , pp. 271-274
  • Klaus Valid: Errors and a dishonorable allegation - corrections to Hiltrud Häntzschel's publications on Marieluise Fleißer . In: Series of publications by the Marieluise Fleißer Society. Issue 7. Ingolstadt 2009.
  • Ursula March : Marieluise Fleißer - News from the province . In: Verena Auffermann , Gunhild Kübler , Ursula März, Elke Schmitter (eds.): Passions. 99 women authors of world literature . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-570-01048-8 , pp. 175-179.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: Everyday life as a borderline experience: the everyday between prison and escape room with Marieluise Fleißer . In: Dies .: Everyday leeway. Literary design of everyday life in German, French and Italian narrative prose (1919–1949). Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2010. ISBN 978-3-8260-4417-5 , pp. 169-231.
  • Lena Panzer-Selz: Marieluise Fleißer in Ingolstadt . Morio-Verlag, Heidelberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-945424-34-6 .

Movie

Web links

Commons : Marieluise Fleißer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marieluise Fleißer. In: FemBio. Women's biography research (with references and citations).
  2. ↑ a b Herta Müller: In the end it wasn't one . The writer Marieluise Fleißer died twenty years ago. In: taz . February 2, 1994, p. 13 ( taz.de ).
  3. ^ Gisela Brinker-Gabler, Karola Ludwig, Angela Wöffen: Lexicon of German-speaking women writers 1800–1945. dtv Munich, 1986. ISBN 3-423-03282-0 . Pp. 86-90.
  4. ^ Marieluise Fleißer Archive
  5. ↑ Fleißerhaus closed until 2019
personal data
SURNAME Diligent, Marieluise
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer, playwright and narrator
DATE OF BIRTH November 23, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Ingolstadt
DATE OF DEATH 2nd February 1974
Place of death Ingolstadt