Franz Joseph von Buß

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Portrait of Franz Joseph von Buss

Franz Joseph Buß , from 1863 Franz Joseph Ritter von Buß (born March 23, 1803 in Zell am Harmersbach in Baden ; † January 31, 1878 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German lawyer , constitutional lawyer and Catholic politician, court advisor to the Grand Duke of Baden and professor of the University of Freiburg .

Life

Franz Joseph Buss was the oldest of a total of seven siblings. His father was a master tailor and mayor of Zell. He attended high school in Offenburg . After studying philosophy , medicine , law and political science in Freiburg , Heidelberg and Göttingen , Buß received his doctorate in philosophy in Freiburg in 1822, in law in Freiburg in 1828 and in medicine in Basel in 1831 . During his studies he joined the fraternity in Freiburg .

In 1833 he became an associate professor , then from 1836 a full professor of political science and international law in Freiburg, and in 1844 he also became professor of canon law . The appointment to the court council was connected with the appointment. He remained a professor in Freiburg until his death.

Buß was publisher and editor of various Catholic newspapers, founder of Catholic associations and holder of important lay positions in the church, including archiepiscopal commissioner . Among other things, he was a co-founder of the Görres Society and a member of the Catholic student union Hercynia .

In his last years until his death on January 31, 1878, he suffered from severe depression and had for several months stationary in the mental hospital Illenau be treated.

Political activity

At the age of 34, Buß was elected as a candidate for the Gengenbach - Oberkirch constituency in the Second Chamber of the Baden Council of Estates . His famous “ factory speech ” of April 25, 1837 is considered the first socio-political speech before a German parliament. As a fundamental supporter of the industrialization that was in progress , Buß saw the negative consequences for the workers and demanded state aid measures. His list of specific suggestions was visionary, ranging from working time restrictions to accident protection to educational measures and state aid for business start-ups. But Buß's demands did not meet with the approval of the Chamber. Overall he belonged to the second chamber of the Baden state parliament from 1837 to 1840 and from 1846 to 1848.

In the 1840s, Buß campaigned intensively, both verbally and in writing, for the political freedom of the church. The successful gathering of German Catholics in the “ Pius clubs ” is in no small part due to his commitment. He practiced a thoroughly liberal Catholicism and was a staunch opponent of German Catholicism . In 1845 he founded the conservative "Süddeutsche Zeitung for State and Church". As a Catholic leader, the Councilor initiated the convening of a Catholic assembly on November 20, 1848 in Würzburg . There it was decided, with the support of the cathedral capitular Georg Joseph Götz , to found a “Catholic Association”, which existed only for a short time, and which was chaired by the mathematician Aloys Mayr . At the first general assembly of the Catholic Association of Germany , Franz Joseph von Buß was elected President of the first German Catholic Convention in Mainz in 1848.

After participating in the preliminary parliament , Buß was a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly from December 5, 1848 to May 30, 1849 as a member of the National Assembly for Nienborg in Westphalia . He belonged to the conservative faction Café Milani . In the National Assembly and in the Erfurt Union Parliament , he represented a strong federalist approach and he turned against the exclusion of Austria in the restoration of the German Empire. His efforts were just as unsuccessful as his demand for a Catholic university to be established.

His advocacy for the Habsburg Empire brought him to the Austrian nobility (knight) on January 15, 1863 with a diploma from October 11, 1863 . The nobility recognition in Baden took place on January 29, 1864.

In 1873 he returned to the Baden Chamber until 1877. Buß won a seat in the Reichstag for the Center Party in the constituency of Tauberbischofsheim in 1874 , which he also held until 1877. Here he campaigned for the Catholic Church in the Kulturkampf .

In 1875 he was the first honorary member of the Catholic student association KDStV Hercynia Freiburg im Breisgau in the CV .

literature

Web links

Commons : Franz Joseph von Buß  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Kaupp (Ed.): Fraternity members in the Paulskirche . 1999.
  2. ↑ Petri, p. 61.
  3. ↑ Speech text see erzbistum-freiburg.de
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Weiss : The Catholic Church in the 19th Century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 430-449 and 1303, here: pp. 438 f.
  5. ↑ Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the Catholic Days ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.katholikentag.de
  6. ↑ Petri, p. 63ff.
  7. ↑ History of KDSt.V. Hercynia ( Memento of the original from August 10, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 17, 2010  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hercynia.de
personal data
SURNAME Buß, Franz Joseph von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Buß, Franz Joseph; Buß, Franz Joseph Ritter von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and politician (center), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH March 23, 1803
PLACE OF BIRTH Zell am Harmersbach
DATE OF DEATH January 31, 1878
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau