Franz Joseph von Buß
Franz Joseph Buß , from 1863 Franz Joseph Ritter von Buß (born March 23, 1803 in Zell am Harmersbach in Baden ; † January 31, 1878 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German lawyer , constitutional lawyer and Catholic politician, court advisor to the Grand Duke of Baden and professor of the University of Freiburg .
Life
Franz Joseph Buss was the oldest of a total of seven siblings. His father was a master tailor and mayor of Zell. He attended high school in Offenburg . After studying philosophy , medicine , law and political science in Freiburg , Heidelberg and Göttingen , Buß received his doctorate in philosophy in Freiburg in 1822, in law in Freiburg in 1828 and in medicine in Basel in 1831 . During his studies he joined the fraternity in Freiburg .
In 1833 he became an associate professor , then from 1836 a full professor of political science and international law in Freiburg, and in 1844 he also became professor of canon law . The appointment to the court council was connected with the appointment. He remained a professor in Freiburg until his death.
Buß was publisher and editor of various Catholic newspapers, founder of Catholic associations and holder of important lay positions in the church, including archiepiscopal commissioner . Among other things, he was a co-founder of the Görres Society and a member of the Catholic student union Hercynia .
In his last years until his death on January 31, 1878, he suffered from severe depression and had for several months stationary in the mental hospital Illenau be treated.
Political activity
At the age of 34, Buß was elected as a candidate for the Gengenbach - Oberkirch constituency in the Second Chamber of the Baden Council of Estates . His famous “ factory speech ” of April 25, 1837 is considered the first socio-political speech before a German parliament. As a fundamental supporter of the industrialization that was in progress , Buß saw the negative consequences for the workers and demanded state aid measures. His list of specific suggestions was visionary, ranging from working time restrictions to accident protection to educational measures and state aid for business start-ups. But Buß's demands did not meet with the approval of the Chamber. Overall he belonged to the second chamber of the Baden state parliament from 1837 to 1840 and from 1846 to 1848.
In the 1840s, Buß campaigned intensively, both verbally and in writing, for the political freedom of the church. The successful gathering of German Catholics in the “ Pius clubs ” is in no small part due to his commitment. He practiced a thoroughly liberal Catholicism and was a staunch opponent of German Catholicism . In 1845 he founded the conservative "Süddeutsche Zeitung for State and Church". As a Catholic leader, the Councilor initiated the convening of a Catholic assembly on November 20, 1848 in Würzburg . There it was decided, with the support of the cathedral capitular Georg Joseph Götz , to found a “Catholic Association”, which existed only for a short time, and which was chaired by the mathematician Aloys Mayr . At the first general assembly of the Catholic Association of Germany , Franz Joseph von Buß was elected President of the first German Catholic Convention in Mainz in 1848.
After participating in the preliminary parliament , Buß was a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly from December 5, 1848 to May 30, 1849 as a member of the National Assembly for Nienborg in Westphalia . He belonged to the conservative faction Café Milani . In the National Assembly and in the Erfurt Union Parliament , he represented a strong federalist approach and he turned against the exclusion of Austria in the restoration of the German Empire. His efforts were just as unsuccessful as his demand for a Catholic university to be established.
His advocacy for the Habsburg Empire brought him to the Austrian nobility (knight) on January 15, 1863 with a diploma from October 11, 1863 . The nobility recognition in Baden took place on January 29, 1864.
In 1873 he returned to the Baden Chamber until 1877. Buß won a seat in the Reichstag for the Center Party in the constituency of Tauberbischofsheim in 1874 , which he also held until 1877. Here he campaigned for the Catholic Church in the Kulturkampf .
In 1875 he was the first honorary member of the Catholic student association KDStV Hercynia Freiburg im Breisgau in the CV .
literature
- Emanuel Wurm : On the history of German factory legislation. The first socio-political attempt in a German parliament. Speech by Franz Josef Ritter von Buß, member of the Baden state parliament, in 1837. With a foreword by A. Bebel , a biographical foreword by Ad. Dude , . Adolf Geck, Offenburg 1905. Review online
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz: Buss, Franz Joseph von. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 831-832. ( digitized ( memento from June 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive ))
- Heinrich Best , Wilhelm Weege: Biographical handbook of the members of the Frankfurt National Assembly 1848/49 (= handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and the political parties. Volume 8). Droste, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-7700-5193-9 , p. 112.
- Franz Dor: Franz Joseph Ritter von Buß. Described in his life and work . Herder, Freiburg 1911.
- Julius Dorneich : Buß, Franz Joseph Ritter von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 72 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Julius Dorneich: Franz Josef Buss and the Catholic Movement in Baden (= treatises on the history of the Upper Rhine church 7). Herder, Freiburg 1979, ISBN 3-451-18688-8 .
- Dieter K. Petri: Franz Joseph Ritter von Buß - Member of the Reichstag in Berlin 1873–1877 . In: The Ortenau. Publications of the Historical Association for Central Baden. 83, 2003, pp. 61-68.
- Dieter K. Petri: Franz Joseph Ritter von Buss. Professor, politician and Catholic as reflected in his writings . Zell am Hamersbach 2007, ISBN 978-3980074018 .
- Johann Friedrich von Schulte: Buß, Franz Joseph Ritter von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 47, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1903, pp. 407-409.
- Franz Josef Stegmann (Ed.): Franz Joseph von Buß 1803–1878 . Verlag Schöningh, Paderborn 1994, ISBN 3-506-70873-2 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Franz Joseph von Buß in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Franz Joseph von Buß in the German Digital Library
- von Buß, Franz Joseph in the database of members of the Reichstag
- Biography of Franz Josef Ritter Buss . In: Heinrich Best : database of the members of the Reichstag of the Empire 1867/71 to 1918 (Biorab - Kaiserreich)
- Literature list in the online catalog of the Berlin State Library
- Franz Joseph Ritter von Buß , side of the Archdiocese of Freiburg
- Franz Joseph von Buß . In: Heinrich Best : The members of the Frankfurt National Assembly 1848/1849 (BIORAB-FRANKFURT) (the exact data set must be found).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Kaupp (Ed.): Fraternity members in the Paulskirche . 1999.
- ↑ Petri, p. 61.
- ↑ Speech text see erzbistum-freiburg.de
- ↑ Wolfgang Weiss : The Catholic Church in the 19th Century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 430-449 and 1303, here: pp. 438 f.
- ↑ Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the Catholic Days ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Petri, p. 63ff.
- ↑ History of KDSt.V. Hercynia ( Memento of the original from August 10, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 17, 2010
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Buß, Franz Joseph von |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Buß, Franz Joseph; Buß, Franz Joseph Ritter von |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lawyer and politician (center), MdR |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 23, 1803 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Zell am Harmersbach |
DATE OF DEATH | January 31, 1878 |
Place of death | Freiburg in Breisgau |