Franz von Chauvin

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Franz Alfons Desiderius Chauvin , also François Alphonse Désiré Chauvin , from 1864 von Chauvin (born May 16, 1812 in Liège , Belgium , † May 17, 1898 in Settignano , Tuscany ) was a Prussian lieutenant general and founder of German military telegraphy .

Life

origin

He was the son of the prison inspector in Aachen Pierre Jean Jaques Chauvin (* 1786) and his wife Marie Antoinette, née Piermont.

Military career

After attending elementary schools in Liège and Aachen, Chauvin graduated from high school and trade school in Aachen. On October 30, 1830, he joined the 8th Pioneer Division of the Prussian Army in Koblenz as a pioneer . From 1831 to 1833 he completed the artillery and engineering school and was promoted to second lieutenant on September 10, 1833, and to prime lieutenant on December 30, 1845 . After his service at the fortifications in Cologne and Mainz , Chauvin worked as a teacher at the artillery and engineering school in Berlin from August 13, 1846. In 1849 he became captain II class . In 1856, when he was promoted to major , he took over the management of the royal Prussian telegraph management in Berlin, which was only founded in 1854. On November 16, 1857, he signed the German-Austrian Telegraph Association for Prussia in Stuttgart and the renewal in Schwerin on September 30, 1865. In 1861 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel.

For his services in the war against Denmark in 1864, in which he took part on the Prussian side with the rank of colonel in the engineering corps as head of field telegraphy, he was subsequently elevated to the Prussian nobility on November 14, 1864 . As a representative of Prussia, he took part in the first conference of the International Telegraph Union founded in Paris on May 17, 1865 . At his suggestion, at the second conference of the Telegraph Union, which took place in Vienna in 1868 , the Siemens resistance unit was introduced as internationally binding.

During the German-Austrian War in 1866 he was also head of the Prussian field telegraphy. At the same time he was from 1864 head of the telegraphy department in the Prussian Ministry of Commerce. After the founding of the North German Confederation , which was under Prussian leadership , the telegraph system of the entire federal territory was given a uniform line on July 26, 1867. Here the telegraph was separated from the post. At the same time, the subordination of the post office and telegraphy to the Ministry of Commerce ended. On December 24, 1867, he was appointed director of the newly founded "General Telegraph Directorate" for the territory of the North German Confederation and, from 1871, for the entire German Empire .

In 1869 he was awarded the character as a Major General to the officers à la suite transferred to the army. He also took part in the war against France in 1870/71 and was awarded the Iron Cross, 2nd class. Until 1872 the first telegraph General Director of the German Reich in office, Chauvin was on 10 October 1872 Pension for disposition made. On May 10, 1896, Chauvin received the character of lieutenant general.

In his book Organization of Electric Telegraphy in Germany for the Purposes of War (1884) he says:

“The telegraph network, with its country-spanning iron meshes and stations, functions like the nervous system of the human body and even surpasses it in terms of speed and diversity. Just as the sensory nerves report the processes in the various parts of the body to the brain and communicate the commands conceived in the brain to the organs designed to carry them out, so reports to the central government and commands from it are transmitted on the telegraph network in a shorter time than the nerves use to carry out their assignments. Each wire provides the functions of both types of nerves. […] In the same sense as the spinal cord is to be regarded as the main mediator of nerve activity, so it was in the last war with the state telegraph network extended to the Great Headquarters, the temporary center of government activity, and the large telegraph stations located in it acted literally like the nerve knot in man. "

family

Chauvin married Anna Rosa Buschbeck (born February 8, 1817 in Koblenz, † February 7, 1901 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) in Mainz on October 16, 1845 . She was the daughter of Heinrich Adolph Buschbeck , Prussian major, most recently an engineer officer from the square in Wesel.

Orders and decorations

Publications

  • The representation of the mountains in maps and plans. Naucksche Buchhandlung, 1852.
  • The mountain drawing developed rationally. Naucksche Buchhandlung, 1854.
  • The organization of electrical telegraphy in Germany for the purpose of war. Berlin 1884.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnulf Siebeneicker: Officiants and Ouvriers. Social history of the Royal Porcelain Manufactory and the Royal Health Crockery Manufactory in Berlin 1763-1880. P. 72. Verlag Walter de Gruyter, 2002, ISBN 3110171589 or ISBN 9783110171587 ( digitized version )
  2. ↑ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette. 1858, p. 81. ( digitized version )
  3. ^ Reichs-Gesetz-Blatt for the Empire of Austria. P. 431. State printing office, Vienna 1865. ( digitized version )
  4. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume II, p. 277. Volume 58 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1974.
  5. ↑ Telegraphy and Military Command Flows in the Age of Nervousness ( Memento from May 4, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Désiré de Garcia de la Vega: Recueil des traités et conventions concernant le royaume de Belgique. P. 465. Verlag C.-J.-A. Greuse, Brussels 1859. ( digitized version )
personal data
SURNAME Chauvin, Franz von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chauvin, Franz Alfons Desiderius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian lieutenant general and founder of German military telegraphy
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Liege
DATE OF DEATH May 17, 1898
Place of death Settignano , Tuscany