Friedrich Wanderer

Friedrich Wilhelm Wanderer (born September 10, 1840 in Munich ; † October 7, 1910 there ) was a German painter, draftsman, illustrator and art writer.

Life

Friedrich Wilhelm Wanderer was the son of Georg Wilhelm Wanderer (1803–1863, well-known portrait painter in Nuremberg in the 1830s). He received his training from August von Kreling . He then went on study trips to Vienna , Paris and Italy . From 1863 he was an assistant teacher and from 1868 professor for arts and crafts drawing at the Nuremberg School of Arts and Crafts . After the deaths of August von Kreling and Adolf Gnauth , contemporaries considered him the leading artist in Nuremberg.

In 1888 Wanderer was made an honorary citizen of the city. The school of the same name in Nuremberg is named after Friedrich Wanderer.

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Theoretical work

Wanderer was one of Adam Kraft's earliest biographers .

Stained glass windows and paintings

Friedrich Wanderer: "Masters of the Dürer period", 1901

Friedrich Wanderer: Ratibor Castle: stained glass window, 1896

A preferred area of ​​work for Wanderes was stained glass windows with profane and sacred themes. He made the imperial windows for the Lorenz Church (1882 - destroyed in World War II), the Bismarck window (1883) and the main events in German history in the 19th century in the Germanic National Museum .

The paintings in the “beautiful hall” of the Nuremberg town hall about the artistic and scientific life of historic Nuremberg are also by Wanderer. Until 1902 he created several large-format paintings of important men from Nuremberg's past for the town hall. The painting "Meister der Dürerzeit" ("Old Master") is well-known, which in addition to the central figure Albrecht Dürer depicts the following people from left to right: Adam Kraft , Veit Hirsvogel , Veit Stoss , Michael Wolgemut , Peter Vischer , Hans von Kulmbach , Nikolaus Klockendom , Johann Neudörffer , Anton Koberger and one of Koberger's employees. Wanderer said: "I cannot help but explain that I count these pictures to be executed among the most beautiful tasks that the city has entrusted to me for a number of years." (These works are now largely stored in the depot of the city ​​museums . )

Monuments and fountains

Several monuments and sculptures in the cityscape are based on drafts or initiatives by Wanderer : he designed the Victory Column on Köpfleinsberg / Adlerstrasse (memorial for the fallen soldiers of the Franco-Prussian War 1870/71 ); he had won an advertised competition for the redesign of the square (laying of the foundation stone in 1875). The sandstone statue "Knight Kreß von Kressenstein" (1889), Obstmarkt 2 (back of the five-square building of the town hall) is also a work by Wanderer. (The very historicizing sculpture documents his preference for depictions in the late Gothic and Renaissance styles .)

Neptune fountain with a baroque fountain bowl by Wanderer on the main market in 1902

Wanderer's designs for fountain sculptures are the Grübel fountain with a bronze statue of Johann Conrad Grübels in front of the Laufer Schlagturm (Innerer Laufer Platz) and the Teufelsbrünnlein (1888) on the north tower of the Lorenz Church. In neighboring Erlangen he created the Paulibrunnen on Schloßplatz . Wanderer's fountains all have a strong architectural reference and are conceived directly from the urban and historical context of the area.

As a result of his fondness for fountains, Wanderer also came across the case of the Nuremberg Neptune Fountain , which had been sold to Peterhof near St. Petersburg ( Neptune Fountain St. Petersburg ) in 1797 . In 1881 he advocated the “recovery of what was lost” with a widely acclaimed article and was the first to suggest a replenishment for the installation in Nuremberg. (In 1886, with the permission of the Russian tsar, impressions of the original figures were taken in Peterhof, of which a second cast in bronze was later made. For the fountain set up on October 22, 1902 on the Nuremberg main market, the base of the main figure and the basin frame were created from drawings by Friedrich Wanderer, who used copperplate engravings by Rößler and Delsenbach (1730) as a city fountain in the spirit of the original baroque design . The fountain was removed from the main market in 1934 and is now in the city park - without the Wanderer's basin.)

Interior design

Front of the historicist room after a design by W. Wanderer, around 1900

Wanderer also worked on the reconstruction and design of interiors: on the basis of old drawings or steel and copper engravings, he made plans for the reconstruction of lost historical furnishings. In the historic town hall hall, two linden wood chandeliers can be seen, designed based on the model of the lost large 96-flame chandelier by Hans Wilhelm Beheim (1615).

In 1876, Friedrich Wanderer was commissioned to design two rooms in the Albrecht Dürer House - “in the spirit of Dürer ” as living spaces modeled on the Dürer period. The interiors he created up to 1881 were based on templates on Dürer's engravings. The still existing "Wanderer-Zimmer" still show medieval living culture, according to the romanticizing ideas of the second half of the 19th century.

Works and drafts

• 1882–1884: Glass window for the Germanisches Nationalmuseum (staircase in the east building), (executed by Sebastian Eisgruber )
• 1888: Glass pictures for the "Saalbau am Wasserhof" in the Germanisches Museum, (executed by Sebatian Eisgruber)
• 1888: Glass pictures of Wilhelm I on horseback, (executed by Sebatian Eisgruber)
• 1892–1894: Glass pictures for the house where Martin Luther died in Eisleben , (executed by Sebatian Eisgruber)

• Illustrations for 60 children's songs by G. [eorg] Chr. [Istian] Dieffenbach for 2 voices with easy piano accompaniment composed by Karl August Kern. Op. 36. With a contribution from Gr. A. v. G. Ninth edition. With 24 illustrations by Prof. Fr. [iedrich] Wanderer. Wiesbaden, publisher of CG Kunze's successor (W. Jacoby). 1913. [3. Ed. 1877 50 children's songs ... , 5th increased edition 1891: 60 children's songs ... ]
• 1903: Stained glass window with the history and coat of arms of the Wedekind family zur Horst in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum

literature

• Manfred H. Grieb (Hrsg.): Nürnberger Künstlerlexikon . Visual artists, artisans, scholars, collectors, cultural workers and patrons, from the 12th to the middle of the 20th century . KG Saur, Munich 2007, vol. 3.

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Wanderer  - Collection of Images

• The history of the Nuremberg Peunt Fountain (article by F. Wanderer)
• Almost forgotten honorary citizen in the Nürnberger Zeitung October 5, 2010
• The fathers of the Neptune fountain in the Nürnberger Zeitung October 8, 2010
• Wander on the website of the Friedrich Wanderer School Nuremberg

Individual evidence

1. ↑ picture gallery
2. ↑ Photo series: The work of the Hohenzollern for the city of Berlin
3. ^ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 5th year 1885, No. 12 (from March 21, 1885) ( exhibition ), p. 124.
4. ↑ transition of Hegamonie in Germany from Austria to Prussia
5. ^ Wilhelm I. on horseback
6. ↑ The search continues ...  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.