Grasten

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Gråsten
( German Gravenstein )
Coat of arms is missing
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Gråsten (Denmark)
Grasten
Grasten
Basic data
State : DenmarkDenmark Denmark
Region : Syddanmark
Municipality
(since 2007) : 		Sønderborg
Coordinates : 54 ° 55 '  N , 9 ° 36'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 55 '  N , 9 ° 36'  E
Founded: 1648
Population :
(2020) 		4,302
Postal code : 6300
Gråsten Castle
Gråsten Castle
Template: Infobox location in Denmark / maintenance / area missing
Template: Infobox location in Denmark / maintenance / height is missing

Gråsten [ gʀɔˈsdeːʔn ] (stress on the end syllable, German : Gravenstein ) is a place with 4302 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in Denmark on Nybøl Nor (German: Nübeler Noor ), a branch of the Flensburg Fjord . The place is almost exactly in the middle of the triangle of cities Aabenraa (German: Aabenraa ) - Flensburg - Sønderborg (German: Sonderburg ). The name was originally Grauenstein , which was literally translated into Danish as Gråsten . Since 1968 it has been the center of the municipality of Gråsten Kommune in Sønderjyllands Amt , which was an amalgamation of the parishes of Gråsten-Adsbøl Sogn , Kværs Sogn and Rinkenæs Sogn and which in turn became part of Sønderborg Kommune in the Syddanmark region in 2007.

history

Gråsten Town Hall Square

Gravenstein was originally a noble estate , initially as a Meierhof under Gut Seegaard in the second half of the 16th century , at that time by far the largest noble estate in the Duchy of Schleswig . From 1622 to 1633 it was the seat of Christian , the only duke of the divided duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Ærø. Gravenstein became independent in 1648 at the latest, when the Seegaard manor von Ahlefeldt sold the farm to the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg . In 1662 it came back to Seegaard. The Ahlefeldts relocated their headquarters here and built an attractive manor house that took on the character of a castle since 1700 . Since several of the lords were simultaneously governors for the royal parts of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, Gravenstein became widely known. Not far from the estate, a craftsmen and merchants' settlement developed between Schlossteich and Nübeler Noor.

After the bankruptcy of the Ahlefeldtschen property complex, Gravenstein became an independent estate in 1725, which included large estates including the settlement. The new owner was the Duke of Augustenburg , a descendant of the former Sonderburg dukes and thus a relative of the Danish royal family. He bought more goods in the neighborhood, so that the Gravenstein property complex became one of the largest in the country. Unlike the actual Augustenburg goods complex with the Duke's ancestral home on Alsen , it was not given a special administrative position, but remained part of the Second Angler Goods Complex, in which all Schleswig goods outside the areas of Dänischer Wohld , Schwansen , fishing and Alsen were combined.

Although the Gravenstein settlement was neither a town nor a town and actually fell under the provisions for agricultural trade and handicrafts, the residents were able to exercise their trades freely under the protection of the manor. Since they mostly worked for the manor, the protests from the cities could not do anything. Although the place still belonged to the parish Atzbüll (Adsbøl), the castle chapel developed into the parish church of the place.

The last Duke of Augustenburg, Christian August , raised claims to the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein in the course of the emerging German-Danish conflict in the 1840s and was able to gain the approval of the originally liberal Schleswig-Holstein movement through skillful agitation. After the announcement of the Provisional Government in Kiel, his brother Friedrich Prince von Noer , who was previously governor and should now belong to this government, triggered the First War for Schleswig with the coup d'état on the fortress of Rendsburg on March 24, 1848 , which continued with interruptions should drag on for three years. In the end, the Augustenburger had to leave the country and sell the goods to the tax authorities. Gravenstein lost its special status and was leased.

The war of 1864 led to the separation of Schleswig and Holstein from the Danish crown. Soon afterwards, the Augustenburg family, now with Christian August's son Friedrich at the helm, took Gravenstein back into their possession. Friedrich became the emperor's father-in-law through the marriage of his daughter Auguste Victoria to Wilhelm II . Gravenstein remained in the hands of the Augustenburg family until 1921, whose male line died out with Friedrich. Gravenstein developed into an important sub-center. Since the beginning of the 20th century it was connected to the railway network by the Apenrader Kreisbahn and the main line from Sønderborg to Flensburg and Tinglev .

After the referendum of 1920, North Schleswig became part of the Kingdom of Denmark. Gråsten became a parish commune in the Aabenraa , the estate remained in state hands. In 1936 the then Crown Prince Frederik received it after his wedding. Since then, Gråsten has been one of the royal castles. Above all, Friedrich's wife Ingrid , the mother of Queen Margrethe II , remained closely connected to the place until her death in 2000. The Queen herself comes with the whole family for around two months every summer. Then the royal yacht Dannebrog is usually moored in the nearby port of Sønderborg .

In 1957, Gråsten and Adsbøl were merged to form the parish of Gråsten-Adsbøl . In 1968 the parish was united with the neighboring parish Kværs and Rinkenæs to form one large commune in the newly created Sønderjyllands Amt . Although Gråsten spoke out in favor of further independence until the end, the municipality went into a large municipality Sønderborg in 2007 , which became larger than the previous office or the district of Sønderborg .

Attractions

Changing of the guard in front of the castle
  • Gråsten Castle, except for the chapel, usually not accessible
  • Palace garden, only closed when the royal family is present
  • Changing of the guard every Friday in the presence of the royal family
  • Castle park with heart hill
  • individual old buildings in the town center, including the old inn
  • the forest and water-rich environment
  • Memorial to Colonel of the border police, Svend Bartholin Paludan-Müller, who was shot by the German occupying forces on May 26, 1944

sons and daughters of the town

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Statistics Banks -> Befolkning og valg -> BY1: Folketal January 1st efter byområde, alder og køn (Danish)
  2. ↑ The letter "V" used to be pronounced as "U" in German texts. In Danish, the "V" is still pronounced as "U". The change in pronunciation also plays a role in the idiom An "X" for a "U" .

Web links

Commons : Gråsten  - Collection of images, videos and audio files