Great Tulln

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Great Tulln
Laabenbach seen downstream in Neulengbach

Laabenbach seen downstream in Neulengbach
Data
location Lower Austria
River system Danube
Drain over Danube  → Black Sea
source as Laabenbach at the Klammhöhe pass
48 ° 4 ′ 2 ″  N , 15 ° 50 ′ 23 ″  E
Source height approx.  680  m above sea level A.
muzzle near Tulln in the Danube Coordinates: 48 ° 20 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 1 ′ 50 ″  E 48 ° 20 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 1 ′ 50 ″  E
Mouth height approx.  177  m above sea level A.
Height difference approx. 503 m
Bottom slope approx. 13 ‰
length 40 km
Catchment area 218.6 km²
Right tributaries Little Tulln
Small towns Neulengbach , Tulln on the Danube
Communities Brand-Laaben , Neustift-Innermanzing , Altlengbach , Asperhofen , Sieghartskirchen , Judenau-Baumgarten , Langenrohr
The Große Tulln at Tullnerfeld train station

The Große Tulln at Tullnerfeld train station

Information about a bridge that crosses the Große Tulln in Langenrohr

Information on a bridge over the Great Tulln Langenrohr goes

The Große Tulln is a river in Lower Austria .

geography

It rises at 680  m above sea level. A. as Laabenbach (sometimes just referred to as the Laaben ) at the Klammhöhe Pass in the southeast of the St. Pölten district and flows north at the foot of the Schöpfl via Neulengbach (where it is really called Große Tulln from the confluence of the Anzbach) until it continues a total of around 40 km east of the Rosenbrücke near Tulln in the Tulln district where the Danube flows ( 177  m above sea level ).

The localities from the Laabenbach source to the mouth are called:

The Great Tulln represents the western border of the Vienna Woods in the narrower sense.

Hydrology

The most important feeders of the Große Tulln are from the source (Laabenbach) to the mouth (right / left in the orographic sense, i.e. looking downstream):

  • Gernbach (left)
  • Brandbach (also: Brambach) (left)
  • Brandholzgraben (left)
  • Großgrabenbach (right)
  • Pond ditch (left)
  • Hochfeldgraben (left)
  • Lindenbach (right)
  • Buchschachengraben (left)
  • Lengbach (right) with tributaries Ebenbach, Götzwiesenbach, Prinzbach, Gerhardsbach / Hörtenbach
  • Unflathsgraben (right)
  • Buchenbach (left) with the Querbachl tributary
  • Medunabach - formerly: Glocknitzbach (left)
  • Dambach (left)
  • Haagbach (right)
  • Seebach (left)
  • Anzbach (right)
  • Hinterbach (right)
  • Raipoltenbach (left) with the tributary Großgraben
  • Moosbach (left)
  • Heubergbach (right)
  • Kleine Tulln (right, transfer canal, built on the occasion of the construction of the Greifenstein Danube power plant (1981-85))

The Hochwiesgraben (with tributaries Egelseegraben and Rinnengraben), which formerly flowed into the Große Tulln at Asparn (left), is now run parallel because of the dams and flows into an oxbow lake, which in turn is drained into the Danube via a pumping station. Near the Atzenbrugg train station there is a connection from the Perschling over the Egelseegraben to the Hochwiesgraben through which water is only diverted when the water flow is higher. Today, due to the straightening of the Perschling (direct connection to the Danube in case of flooding), this drainage is no longer necessary, but the mighty dams are still there.

The catchment area covers around 258 km² (the transfer canal from the Kleine Tulln adds another 72 km², a total of around 330 km²).

A not unimportant feeder has also been the mechanical-biological sewage treatment plant in Neulengbach-Markersdorf since 1972, which treats the wastewater from nine communities in Anzbach and Laabenbach / Großer Tulln. Mechanical cleaning is followed by biological cleaning in activated sludge basins and phosphate precipitation. Up to 15,000 m³ of wastewater (equivalent to 47,000 inhabitants) can be treated per day and then flow into the Große Tulln.

The mean water at the Siegersdorf ( Asperhofen ) gauge is around 1.2 m³ / s, according to the Lower Austrian Provincial Government, and the hundred-year flood is around 220 m³ / s. One reason for the big difference between flood and mean water lies in the geological conditions in the catchment area .

geology

From the source to Neulengbach- Haag, the Laabenbach flows through the flysch zone , which consists mainly of sandstone , which seldom alternates between claystone and marl , occasionally limestone from the Cretaceous to the Paleogene / Old Tertiary. These rocks are practically impermeable to water, so that rainwater or meltwater get into the river after a short time.

In Neulengbach the river crosses the very narrow zone of the subalpine molasse . These are conglomerates, folded conglomerates (Buchberg, Neulengbacher Schlossberg) and fine-grained sediments , but due to the narrow width of this zone they do not lead to any noticeable seepage.

From the Neulengbach district of Inprugg, the Große Tulln flows through the Molasse . These are mainly sands , silts and clays (" Schlier ") from the Neogene , which are sometimes overlaid by loess . These loose rocks are also slightly water-permeable, but due to their poor stability , the terrain is mostly so flat that large amounts of water no longer arise from this area.

From the river from Judenau to its mouth in the Tullnerfeld , the Große Tulln runs in a wide Quaternary gravel area in which there is hardly any surface runoff, as the terrain is practically horizontal and precipitation can seep into the well-drained gravel and sand .

Names and historical role

Since 1810 at the latest, the water has been known as the Great Tulln . Before and until about 1910 it was also known as Dullona , (large) Tulnerbach or (large) Tullnerbach , although there is a risk of confusion with the south-flowing Tullnerbach , which enters the Danube via the Vienna River . There were also bridge tolls on both bodies of water.

In the Fulda yearbooks , the Große Tulln 884 is referred to as the border between Bavaria and the Slavs. In about 991, Heinrich II of Bavaria broke through the Hungarian Hague in a victorious military campaign (note the place names "Haag bei Neulengbach " and "Haagen" north of Altlengbach !) On the Wienerwaldkamm. The Bavarian nobleman named "Engelricus" (Engelrich) should have distinguished himself. The newly won area east of the Great Tulln was not yet secured and probably not even included in the march of Heinrich I of Austria . On April 29, 998, Emperor Otto III. at the request of Heinrich III. von Bayern (later Emperor Heinrich II.) Engelrich took over the property between “Dullona u. Amizinesbahc ”(Großer Tulln and Anzbach → Maria-Anzbach ), Altlengbach Castle was built. Parts of the property went to the Lords of Lengbach and the market Neulengbach (town since 2000) was built around their castle.

Throwing stones (large stone blocks) with a total mass of 140 t were laid in the Abstetten area in September 2017 to prevent tunnel construction by beavers that cause embankments to collapse in the event of flooding .

gallery

  • The Große Tulln seen upstream in Langenrohr

  • The Große Tulln seen downstream in Langenrohr

  • Information about a bridge that crosses the Große Tulln in Langenrohr

Web links

Commons : Large Tulln  collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ BMLFUW (Hrsg.): Area directory of the river areas: Danube area from the Enns to the Leitha. In: Contributions to Austria's Hydrography Issue 62, Vienna 2014, p. 101. PDF download , accessed on July 8, 2018.
  2. ↑ http://www.awv-anzbach-laabental.at/system/web/zusatzseite.aspx?menuonr=50385864&typid=50385890&detailonr=50385890
  3. ↑ Annales Fuldenses Pars. IV, 884 “Imperator in terminis Noricorum et Sclavorum cum Zuentibaldo colloquium habuit; Pars V, 884, prope flumen Tullinam, Monte Camiano colloquium habuit. “
    Commission for the maintenance of patriotic history of the imperial academy of sciences (ed.): Archive for customer of Austrian historical sources. 10th volume , Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1853, p. 11 ( online version )
  4. ↑ Severe beaver damage on the "Große Tulln" orf.at. September 6, 2017, accessed September 6, 2017.