Hamburg port railway

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The task of the Hamburger Hafenbahn , a division ( Railway Infrastructure ) of the Hamburg Port Authority (HPA), is to supply the Port of Hamburg with the railway as part of the infrastructure for the largest port in Germany.

This is about the acceptance and forwarding of goods between the cargo ships and the railroad, which are to be transported over a wide area. The port railway systems are used for hinterland traffic . Containers are transported onwards from the container terminals using container wagons on the port railway systems . Bulky goods are transported to consumers in special block trains (e.g. iron ore from Sandauhafen to the Salzgitter AG steelworks ).

The port railway provides the railway infrastructure ; it does not operate any trains itself, but has vehicles to maintain the route network. The tracks of the port railway are available to the railway companies to connect the rest of the railway network to the port, for which 152 companies are currently approved (as of June 2019; in April 2017: 135, in August 2016: 126, in January 2015: 115 ).

Area of ​​the port railway

Rbf "Alte Süderelbe" in Hamburg-Waltershof

The current expansion of the port railway network extends from the Peute in the east to Finkenwerder in the west and in the south to the Lotsekai in Hamburg-Harburg . It is connected to the Lower Elbe Railway at Hamburg-Hausbruch , from which the loaded goods are distributed throughout Europe via the Hamburg-Harburg train station or the downstream Maschen marshalling yard . Another connection is in Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg south of the former container station, the premises of the former Wilhelmsburg industrial railway .

The Altona Port Railway, which has been in operation since 1845, was not organizationally combined with the Hamburg Port Railway until 1950, making it the oldest sub-system.

development

Port railway tracks at the Sandtorhafen in front of the Speicherstadt , around 1900
City map from 1880 with the tracks of the port railway from the Berlin and Venlo train stations to Brookthorhafen , Sandthorhafen and Grasbrookhafen

1860 to 1900

In 1860 , at the request of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway Company, a connection route to connect the Sandthorhafen to the train station on Deichtorplatz was approved. After a corresponding lease agreement was signed on June 18, 1866, the first train traveled on the 700 m long "Quaibahn" from Berlin train station to Sandthorkai on August 11, 1866 . The first operator of the Hamburg Port Railway was the Berlin-Hamburg Railway Company .

In 1867 the "Theerhof" was built as the first marshalling yard on the north bank of Brooktorhafen .

From 1869 to 1874 , tracks to the Berlin train station were put into operation on Kaiser-, Dalmann-, Hübener- and Strandkai.

In 1872 the railway connection to the south to the Hanoverian railway network took place with the construction of the Elbe bridges . Here the Cologne-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft established itself with the Venloer Bahnhof and took over the port railway tracks at Grasbrookhafen as operator.

In 1884 , with the takeover of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway and the takeover of the Cologne-Minden Railway by the State of Prussia in 1880, practically the entire port railway in the Hanseatic City of Hamburg was operated by Prussian railway companies (until 1919).

In 1888 Hamburg was connected to the German customs area and the Hamburg quay administration took over the port facilities in accordance with the "Kairegulativ" of August 15. On September 28th / 5th October 1888, the contract to take over the driving and shunting service on the port railway and on 22/27. December of the same year the contract for the connection of all right and left Elbe port railway tracks to the Prussian railway network was signed by the administration of the Royal Prussian State Railways .

In 1893 , operations began at the Niedernfelde port station on the Kleiner Grasbrook and on the connecting route through Wilhelmsburg .

1901 to 1945

In 1911 , 4.91 million tons of goods were transported from the inland and 3 million tons of goods inland on the port railway.

On January 1, 1913 , the Freeport had 226 kilometers of track, with private connections it was 238.5 kilometers.

In 1924 the operation of the port railway was taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft .

In 1929 the division of tasks between the port railway and the Reichsbahn was regulated by the port railway operating contract.

With the Greater Hamburg Law in 1934 , a Hamburg-Prussian port community was founded.

In 1939 there were 450 kilometers of track with the connected port railways from Altona and Harburg.

Due to the war, 305 km of the 450 km of tracks on the port railway were destroyed in 1945 . During the reconstruction, the track layout on the quays was adapted more closely to the needs of modern shipping.

1949 to 1994

In 1949 the newly created Deutsche Bundesbahn took over the operation of the port railway.

1958–1962 the main port station Hohe Schaar was built.

From 1960 the signal systems were modernized with light signals and track diagram interlockings.

In 1965 , the electrification of some port railway tracks with overhead lines (without shunting and loading tracks) took place parallel to the electrification of the railway line to Hanover.

In 1966 the port station Hamburg Süd , formerly "Niedernfelde", was modernized on the Kleiner Grasbrook .

The cooperation of the partners in the port is regulated by the port regulations of 1970. There it is stipulated, among other things, that operations on the port railway are carried out on behalf of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (FHH), that the Hanseatic city plans, builds and maintains all port traffic routes, the so-called transport infrastructure, and that FHH also leases port land to companies in the port industry. Correspondingly commissioned companies then built and operated quay handling facilities on the property, which are referred to as superstructure . The port railway systems are divided into infrastructure and superstructure.

From 1989 the port railway operating and information system "HABIS" was gradually introduced. The port railway now had 425 kilometers of track and 22 million tons of goods of all kinds were handled.

With the new port railway operating contract in 1992, it was determined that Hamburg would operate the infrastructure and the port management would operate the superstructure, and that the Deutsche Bundesbahn would operate the transport.

1994 to 2010

For the port railway, the period after 1990 was shaped primarily by the effects of the rail reform and the ever increasing importance of container traffic.

On January 1, 1994 , the rail reform came into force with the new version of the General Railway Act and the establishment of Deutsche Bahn AG . With this, Deutsche Bahn AG entered into the still valid port railway operating contract; Following the spin-off of the freight transport division as part of the second stage of the rail reform, DB Cargo AG took its place on June 1, 1999 (renamed Railion Deutschland AG in 2003 , DB Schenker Rail Deutschland AG in 2009 and DB Cargo Deutschland AG in 2016 ).

In 1995 the newly built Alte Süderelbe train station was opened. In the same year, another railway company used the tracks of the port railway for the first time, namely the EVB with a regular container train from Bremerhaven to Hamburg, which used the tracks of the Hamburg Süd station; To this end, EVB and the port railway signed their own usage contract. In the course of the following years, numerous contracts followed with other companies that provided services to and from the Port of Hamburg as a result of the liberalization of rail transport in Germany. Initially, the port railway only allowed these RUs to run on entry and exit tracks and on main tracks (so-called red network), while the shunting traffic on the other parts (black network) was still carried out exclusively by DB Cargo ; This restriction was later lifted, individual companies made shunting trips with their mainline locomotives and, from 2000, finally also stationed their own shunting locomotives in the Port of Hamburg.

Around the year 2000 , the track network in the Port of Hamburg had a route length of 375 kilometers and several port stations - divided into three main port stations and various subordinate district stations and presentation groups. The port railway is of supraregional importance. It is estimated that 10% of all German freight rail traffic began or ended in the Port of Hamburg. Of the goods handled in the port, 27% in total and around 70% of the container traffic was handled by rail.

At the same time, the basic structure of the port railway operation was still shaped by the port railway operating contract and the associated special position of Deutsche Bahn. This changed when the railway law was amended again on May 1, 2005 . The port railway has now become a public railway infrastructure company that has to grant all railway companies non-discriminatory access. Since then, the freight transport division of Deutsche Bahn has been legally equal to other companies. In order to do justice to its new role, the port railway set up its own operations management and reorganized the safety and emergency management. However , the port railway does not carry out certain tasks such as staffing the signal boxes , dispatching and network coordination itself, but has outsourced them to DB Netz .

Management of the port railway at Veddeler Damm

Also in 2005, the electricity and port construction office, and thus also the port railway, was outsourced to the state service provider Hamburg Port Authority , as a result of which the administrative organization of the port railway was renewed in 2007 and the planning of larger new buildings to a company specifically for such projects designated division of the HPA. In 2011, the port railway's back office moved into the listed former free port office at Veddeler Damm 14, directly at Hamburg Süd station, after DB Schenker had moved out there (and the building had been completely renovated ).

Around the year 2000 the city began not to provide sufficient funds for the renewal of the upper structure . This - combined with the age of the facilities, modern minimum standards and an increasing volume of traffic - led to many track closures and slow-moving areas , so that in spring 2005 Railion and Stinnes AG , also part of the DB Group , protested and press reports warned of a collapse of the port railway. The city responded with an immediate program worth 6 million euros, with which large parts of the route network were renovated within a few years; Extensive repair work was carried out in the Hohe Schaar train station from 2007 to 2011 and in the Hamburg Süd train station from 2008 to 2013; numerous bridges were also renewed or renovated.

2010s

End of the former siding to the Airbus plant in the center of Finkenwerder

Since the resumption of maintenance obligations by the Hamburg Port Authority (HPA) in the years 2008 to 2010, the condition in 2006 has greatly improved thanks to investments of around 125 million euros. Only the hinterland stretches of the port, which are managed by DB Netz , which postponed the expansion due to redistribution in favor of passenger traffic, are insufficient.

New peak values ​​in cargo handling were achieved in 2010 and 2011 (more than 40 million tons of cargo).

At the beginning of 2012, the westernmost siding of the port railway to the Airbus plant in Finkenwerder was shut down after the tracks had not been used for several years. The tracks have been dismantled from the center of Finkenwerder, and the route will be partially redesigned into a cycle path. The port railway is of supraregional importance. A good 12% of all German freight rail traffic began or ended in the Port of Hamburg. Around 200 freight trains arrive or leave the port every working day. This also includes the block trains with up to 6,600 t of iron ore from the Hansaport at Sandauhafen to the steelworks in Salzgitter and Eisenhüttenstadt as well as trains loaded with potash salt from the Werra valley ( K + S AG ).

In autumn 2014, a 60 meter long hall for freight wagon maintenance was put into operation on the Spreehafeninsel in the eastern port area in the vicinity of the Hamburg Süd port station. RUs can have their freight wagons treated here. Another hall is attached, in which common spare parts for the freight cars are stored.

In 2016/2017 the Rethe lift bridge was replaced by a new bascule bridge.

In 2017, a new locomotive service point was built north-west of the Alte Süderelbe port station near Altenwerder, with storage space for up to 32 electric and diesel locomotives from the EVU operating here. In addition to refueling and sanding, this is also used to park locomotives that are currently not needed so that empty journeys to distant locations on the narrowly occupied routes can be avoided. There is also a two-track locomotive workshop for the maintenance and repair of the locomotives, which Ajax Loktechnik GmbH & Co. KG put into operation in 2018 .

Operating facilities

Hamburg-Süd port station
Sidings at Blohm & Voss

The system, known as the Port of Hamburg station as a whole , has several parts of the station, of which three shunting / drainage systems with six signal boxes are used for distribution to the individual connections and vice versa for installation before transfer to the Deutsche Bahn network. The northern parts of the port are served from the Hamburg Süd station; it connects to the main Hamburg – Harburg line at Veddel in both directions . The southern area is served by the Hohe Schaar section of the station, which also connects to the Hamburg – Harburg line south of Wilhelmsburg station . There is a connection between both parts of the station via the Rethebrücke. From Hohe Schaar there is also a connection to Hausbruch station on the Harburg – Cuxhaven railway line via the Kattwyk Bridge . This station also has the connection to the newest part of the station, Alte Süderelbe , from which the western port facilities in Waltershof and Altenwerder are served.

The network comprises 305 kilometers of track and 160 kilometers of sidings , 110 kilometers of which have overhead contact lines , 880 points and 600 points in private connections. 61 bridges (including the Kattwyk Bridge, the largest lift bridge in Europe) and 470  level crossings are part of the network.

There is a freight wagon maintenance service at service facilities and, from 2017, a locomotive service point.

Data

Handling and use

  • In 2019, a total of 48.2 million tons of goods or 2.7 million standard containers (TEU) were transported on the Hamburg port railway , plus around 62,000 freight trains with a good 1.7 million freight cars.
  • In 2018, a total of 46.78 million tons of goods or 2.44 million TEU were transported, with more than 60,000 freight trains running.
  • Around 46.4 million t of goods were transported in 2016 (2015: 45.8 million t, 2014: 44.4 million t, 2013: 41.5 million t, 2011: 41.3 million t)
  • 2.4 million TEU in 2016 (2015: 2.3 million TEU, 2014: 2.2 million TEU, 2013: 2.1 million TEU)
  • in 2014 the number of trains was 58,176 (+ 1.7% compared to 2013), the number of wagons was 1.54 million (+ 1.8%)
  • approx. 200 trains daily, including 125 container trains (2010)
  • approx. 5000 freight wagons per day (2010)
  • Approx. 46.3% transport share (according to TEU, 49.4% according to cargo volume) in hinterland traffic in total port handling in 2019 (2018: approx. 45%, 2011: 36%, 2010: 30%)
  • 12% share in national rail freight transport
  • In 2018 there were 235 connections a week for container trains to China, 185 to the Czech Republic, 132 to Austria, 52 to Spain, 44 each to France and Switzerland, 10 to Denmark
  • In June 2019, 152 RUs had a license to use the tracks of the Hamburg port railway (in April 2017: 135, in January 2016: 121, in January 2015: 115, 2008: 53), they operate the traffic on the port railway network

Signal and communication systems

Technical operations department on the Spreehafeninsel, Brandenburger Straße

Vehicle inventory

In its technical operations, the port railway maintains a small fleet of vehicles for construction and maintenance purposes, which consists of the following vehicles (as of August 4, 2011):

  • Touring vehicle on the premises on Brandenburger Strasse

  • Bulk freight wagons of the Hamburg port railway

  • Bulk goods wagons for transporting ore in Hansaport / Sandauhafen

Association of Friends of the Historic Port Railway eV

The Association of Friends of the Historic Port Railway reconditions old vehicles from the port railway and other industrial and works railways and displays them on the Bremer Kai (Shed 50) in the Port of Hamburg.

  • Passenger car 116 of the port railway (restored)

  • Tank car 5473 (restored)

  • Steam storage locomotive "Tiefstack" of the HEW , built 1950 (not restored)

Web links

Commons : Hamburger Hafenbahn  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Kurt Grobecker: The Hamburg port railway. 125 years of partnership and tradition . HanseStadt Verlag, Hamburg 1994, ISBN 978-3-927245-08-2 .
  • TransPORT Rail Basic introduced . In: Daily port report of July 11, 2012, p. 15, Seehafen-Verlag, Hamburg 2012, ISSN  2190-8753
  • Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Hamburg welcomes 100th railway company . In: Daily port report of November 27, 2012, p. 3, Seehafen-Verlag, Hamburg 2012, ISSN  2190-8753
  • Christoph Müller: Hamburg - gateway to the world. The port is becoming more colorful . In: railway magazine . No. 12/2010 . Alba publication, December 2010, ISSN  0342-1902 , p. 28-31 .
  • Author collective: 150 years of the Hamburg port railway . In: Rail Business Special . No. 1/2016 . DVV Media Group GmbH, August 2016, ISSN  1867-2728 .
  • Kai Pöhlsen, Manfred Schulz, Benno Wiesmüller: The Hamburg port railway. From the Quaibahn to a modern transport service provider in 150 years . 1st edition. DGEG Medien, Hövelhof 2016, ISBN 978-3-946594-02-4 (280 pages).
  • Hamburger Hafenbahn - transhipment every minute . In: Port of Hamburg Magazine , edition March 2019, pp. 30/31; Published by: Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, Hamburg 2019

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: lonely peak in rail traffic in Europe · Almost 46 million tons in 2015 · Currently 121 rail operators with network access · State-of-the-art charging system . In: Daily port report of February 11, 2016, p. 3
  2. ↑ Frank Binder: HPA: New locomotive parking spaces · On September 16 and 17: Hamburg Port Railway celebrates its anniversary . In: Daily port report of August 17, 2016, p. 3
  3. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: European port railway master, 112 companies have a license - 2013 new volume record is achieved . In: Daily port report from November 15, 2013, p. 4
  4. ^ Wolfgang Klee: Railways in Hamburg . Eisenbahn-Journal special , issue 5/1997, p. 70ff
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Friends of the historic port railway eV
  6. ↑ a b Pöhlsen / Schulz / Wiesmüller, pp. 115–120
  7. ↑ Stinnes Logistics warns of a collapse on the port railway . In: Die Welt , May 22, 2006
  8. ↑ Pöhlsen / Schulz / Wiesmüller, p. 121 ff.
  9. ↑ Jan Mordhorst: Hafenbahn: catalog of defects processed · 125 million euros investments since 2008 · Top position in Europe · Moves up to 1.8 million TEU per year . In: Daily port report of July 26, 2010, p. 3 . Seehafen-Verlag, Hamburg 2010, ISSN  1618-5234
  10. ↑ a b c Hafenbahn sets record . In: Die Welt, December 23, 2011, p. 38
  11. ↑ a b c [1] Die Welt , online version December 23, 2011
  12. ↑ Dominik Brück: Confusion about the Finkenwerder port railway , in Mittendrin, January 2013
  13. ↑ Efficient and environmentally friendly freight transport by rail . In: Transport by rail. Port of Hamburg Magazine 4.15 , pp. 06–09, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, Hamburg 2015
  14. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: HPA builds a new type of locomotive service point in 2016 · Central “parking lot” for up to 32 diesel or electric locomotives · Social rooms for railway staff and a workshop . In: Daily port report of March 10, 2016, p. 3
  15. ↑ Frank Binder: New service center for locomotives in the Port of Hamburg · HPA builds workshop and 34 parking spaces on Dradenauer Deichweg · Locomotive workshop is expected to be available from spring 2018 . In: Daily port report of April 24, 2017, pp. 1 + 3
  16. ↑ a b c d e f g Port of Hamburg - creating more space . In: Hansa , Heft 2/2011, S. 63/64, Hamburg 2011, ISSN  0017-7504
  17. ^ Frank Muth: Europe's largest railway port . In: railway magazine . No. 12 , 2016, ISSN  0342-1902 , p. 46-51 .
  18. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Elbe port owes a lot to the railways · Significant increase in hinterland traffic in 2019 · Significant volume increase in containers · Longer trains . In: Daily port report from February 20, 2020, p. 3
  19. ↑ Hamburger Hafenbahn - transshipment every minute . In: Port of Hamburg Magazine , edition March 2019, pp. 30/31; Port of Hamburg Marketing eV
  20. ^ Behrend Oldenburg: Port of Hamburg · Signals for further growth , special supplement no. 4 of the daily port report of May 10, 2019, p. 3
  21. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: 217 million euros for the port of Hamburg · HPA presents annual report for 2016 · Growth impulses for the port railway . In: Daily port report from July 18, 2017, pp. 1 + 3
  22. ↑ a b c d Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Port railway with record results . In: Daily port report of February 3, 2015, p. 3
  23. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Hamburg depends on competitors in hinterland traffic . In: Daily port report of February 7, 2014, p. 1
  24. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Hamburg depends on competitors in hinterland traffic . In: Daily port report of February 7, 2014, p. 1/3
  25. ↑ Thorsten Breuer: "Undisputed main partner" · Austria swears by the high performance of the Port of Hamburg - especially since container traffic began . In: Daily port report of November 2, 2018, special supplement to the shipbrokers' 70th pork knuckle meal, p. 3
  26. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: European port railway master, 112 companies have a license · 2013 new volume record is achieved . In: Daily port report from November 15, 2013, p. 4
  27. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Hamburg depends on other applicants, port railways set a new volume record in 2018 . In: Daily port report from June 11, 2019, p. 1

See also