Hans Friedrich Blunck

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Hans Friedrich Blunck (born September 3, 1888 in Altona near Hamburg ; † April 24, 1961 there ) was a German lawyer and writer . During the time of National Socialism , he held various cultural and political positions.

Life

The son of a teacher studied law at the Universities of Kiel and Heidelberg , where he was active in 1907 with the fraternity of Teutonia zu Kiel and in 1908 with the fraternity Allemannia zu Heidelberg and was awarded a Dr. jur. PhD. Drafted for the First World War, he served as an officer and from 1915 was employed in the civil administration of Belgium . He wrote the text "Belgium and the Low German Question". In 1919 he fled to the Netherlands to avoid extradition. There he met his future wife Emma Ruoff. Between 1920 and 1928 he was a member of the government and from 1925 he was in charge of the University of Hamburg .

Blunck lived in Vierbergen from 1919 to 1924 and then in Hoisdorf . From 1931 Blunck lived on his property "Mölenhoff" in Grebin .

In 1924, Blunck founded in Bremen together with Wilhelm Scharrelmann , Manfred Hausmann , Hans Franck , Alma Rogge u. a. Die Kogge , an association of authors primarily anti-modern, more conservative to z. Some authors of the Low German movement with a völkisch-national mindset .

Between 1920 and 1940 he published numerous novels and stories that can be assigned to an anti-modernist-romanticizing literary direction, as it also corresponded to the literary understanding of National Socialism . Blunck was particularly interested in Nordic topics and Hanseatic history, which he worked out with an emphasis on right-wing national aspects and ethnic ideas. His work includes historical discussions with the Germanic world of gods , sagas , fairy tales and ghost stories and Low German poetry .

Work in the time of National Socialism

After the takeover of the Nazis Blunck was on 7 June 1933, the second president of the Section for sealing the Prussian Academy of Arts elected first chairman was Hanns Johst . Blunck had previously taken one of the seats that became vacant after the exclusion of all Jewish members. In October 1933 he was one of 88 German writers who signed the pledge of loyal allegiance to Adolf Hitler .

In the same year, Blunck, although he was not a member of the NSDAP at the time, was appointed the first President of the Reichsschrifttumskammer , which pushed ahead with the control and harmonization of literary production and distribution. Blunck introduced an assistant examination for prospective booksellers and founded a "Reichsschule des Deutschen Buchhandels" as a supraregional vocational school. After the death of Reich President Hindenburg , on August 18, 1934, Blunck was one of the signatories of the “ Call of the Cultural Workers ” for a referendum on the merger of the Reich President and Reich Chancellery.

“Genuine poetry is more free in the Third Reich than ever before - and instead of talking about the completely yesterday's and indifferent creations of those writers who are draining of disintegration, the world should rather pay attention to the fact that our government is the first in Europe to be all Has brought together affairs of the fine arts in the establishment of a self-governing culture chamber. "

- Blunck in a speech in London on October 16, 1935

Blunck had made the assumption of the Chamber President's office dependent on Jewish writers not being marginalized - which Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels assured him. When Blunck proposed a "Concordat" for Jews in Germany in a speech abroad, Hanns Johst and Hans Hinkel had the opportunity in October 1935 to replace Blunck. Blunck retired to Holstein with the title "Former President". Since the early 1920s, Blunck appeared as a völkisch actor in the Low German movement . For the author and close confidante of the Hamburg patron Alfred Toepfer , the term Low German, coined by the "Rembrandt German" Julius Langbehn in 1890, referred to "the real Germanness". Blunck was also a member of the Eutiner Dichterkreis founded in 1936 , a group of authors close to the NSDAP, the majority of whose members published works written in Low German. In 1937 Blunck joined the NSDAP .

In 1936, Blunck founded the “Stiftung Deutsches Auslandswerk”, which was supposed to convey a favorable image of Germany abroad. Blunck was initially president, then from 1940 honorary president of the foundation, which coordinated the activities of the German foreign companies in consultation with the Reich ministries and the organizations of the NSDAP. Having already the Goethe Medal for Art and Science had received took Adolf Hitler Blunck in the final stages of World War II in the list of indispensable writer, called gottbegnadeten list on.

Between 1933 and 1944 Blunck published 97 books, wrote 100 articles in the Völkischer Beobachter and more in the Krakauer Zeitung . The writer Werner Bergengruen , far from the regime, characterized Blunck in 1946 as follows: “I cannot assume that he enjoyed the atrocities of the Third Reich. [...] Certainly there would have been no concentration camps because of him. It was also indifferent to him whether the textile industry was Aryanized or not. He wanted fame, readers, editions, money; he didn't care anything else. "

post war period

After the end of the war, the cultural representatives of the Soviet occupation zone and later the SED culture administration of the GDR put some works by Blunck on their list of literature to be sorted out . The denazification committee in Kiel classified Blunck as a “ fellow traveler ” who - probably because of his good income in the previous years - had to pay a fine of DM 10,000  . Blunck continued to work as a writer, but after 1945 essentially limited himself to fairy tales and legends.

Gravestone of Friedrich Blunck

Since the post-war period , Blunck has belonged to the right-wing extremist German cultural organization of the European mind . In 1952 Blunck published his memoirs under the title Impassable Times , where he downplayed his actual influence and its functionalization in the sense of Nazi propaganda .

Blunck died on April 24, 1961 at the age of 72. He was buried in the Ohlsdorf cemetery in Hamburg. His estate is in the Hamburg State Archives .

Works

  • The future of Macedonia. A handbook for merchants, journalists and travelers, Hamburg 1912
  • The ride towards tomorrow, Hamburg 1914
  • Storm over the country. Poems from the war time, Jena 1916
  • Dance of Death, Hamburg 1916
  • Jan Günt. A happy Brussels marriage story, Braunschweig 1918
  • Peter Ohles Schatten, Berlin 1919
  • De hillige Hannes. Een Komedi in veer Optög. Spelling na de Lübecker Beslöt vun negentainhunnertnegentain, Hamburg 1920
  • The woman in the valley. An old contradiction of dreamers, Hamburg 1920
  • Hard warr ni dull. Nedderdütsche poems, Hamburg 1920
  • Kisses bi Wessels. Speeldeel in three options. Spelling na de Lübecker Beslöt vun negentainhunnertnegentain, Hamburg 1920
  • The Wanderer, Hamburg 1920
  • Hein Hoyer. A novel by Herren, Hansen and Hagestolzen, Munich 1922
  • Berend Fock. The fairy tale of the apostate boatman, Munich 1923
  • Fairy tales from the Lower Elbe, 3 vol., Jena 1923 - 1931
  • Stelling Red Chin Son. The story of a herald and his people, Munich 1924
  • Boatswain Uhl and other stories, Langensalza 1926
  • Battle of the Stars, Jena 1926
  • Quarrel with the gods. The story of Welands des Fliegers, Munich 1926
  • Vun wild guys in'n Brook. New Low German Fairy Tales, Jena 1926
  • From the Brazilian journey, Berlin 1927
  • Review and look out. Self-confession, Chemnitz 1927
  • The woman mill. A novel from Brazil, Jena 1927
  • Brother and sister, Leipzig 1928
  • Violence over fire. A legend of God and man, Jena 1928
  • Children's fairy tale, Cologne 1929
  • Land of volcanoes. A story from over there, Jena 1929
  • Unrest, Berlin 1929
  • All kinds of lights. Single and ed. by Karl Plenzat , Leipzig 1930
  • Hein Oi and the Evil One, Berlin 1930
  • People's turn. A novel from these two decades, at the same time an attempt at a chronicle, Bremen 1930
  • New ballads, Jena 1931
  • Pappenpuck and Poggenschluck, Berlin 1931
  • Vom Muckerpucker and other ghost people, Frankfurt 1931
  • Drolliges Volk, Berlin 1932
  • About fox and badger. Four animal stories, Berlin 1932
  • Christmas. Five stories of fair and unholy spirits, Berlin 1932
  • The fire horn, Oldenburg 1933
  • Spooks and lies. Believable and unbelievable stories, Munich 1933
  • The consolation of Wittenfru . Insel Verlag, Leipzig 1933 ( Insel-Bücherei 110/2)
  • German cultural policy, Munich 1934
  • Village life, Leipzig 1934
  • The fire mountain. Story of German settlers in America, Jena 1934
  • Mrs. Holle un de Mönk. Unlearned High and Low German ballads, Munich 1934
  • Stories in the Twilight, Wiesbaden 1934
  • Country at twilight, Berlin 1934
  • Tale of life, Leipzig 1934
  • My life. Some records, Berlin 1934
  • New people on the heath and other fairy tales, ed. by Ernst Adolf Dreyer, Langensalza 1934
  • The Nibelungenlied, Leipzig 1934
  • Low German fairy tales, Hamburg 1934
  • Emergency flag and other short stories, ballads and poems, ed. by Ernst Adolf Dreyer, Langensalza 1934
  • Leap into the bourgeois, Berlin 1934
  • The forefathers saga. Romantic trilogy of the Germanic prehistory, Jena 1934
  • Double look, Wiesbaden 1934
  • The great journey. A novel by seafarers, explorers, farmers and men of God, Munich 1935
  • Of spirits below and above the earth. Fairy tales and stories of lies, Jena 1935
  • Dam breach, Leipzig 1935
  • Amazing stories, Leipzig, Insel Verlag 1933 (Insel-Bücherei 497/1)
  • Eulenspiegel loses his prayer book. Picnic tales and animal stories, Karlsbad 1936
  • King Geiseric. A story by Geiserich and the procession of the Vandals, Hamburg 1936
  • The Wiedewitte, Jena 1936
  • Departure of the chariots. A story from the New Stone Age, Berlin 1937
  • Ballads and poems, Hamburg 1937
  • Ferry call. German stories abroad, Karlsbad 1937
  • Italian adventure, Munich 1938
  • Battle for New York. Jakob Leisler. A dramatic play, Berlin 1938
  • Wolter von Plettenberg. Teutonic Order Master in Livonia , Hamburg 1938
  • (Ed.): Das Deutschlandbuch , 71. – 100. Tausend [with addendum Sudetenraum], Berlin: Paul Franke, [1939]
  • Fire in the fog, Hamburg 1939
  • Women in the garden, Hamburg 1939
  • Friend and enemy, Leipzig 1939
  • Stalls of the old, Leipzig, Insel Verlag 1939 (Insel-Bücherei 538/1)
  • Strange encounters. Eight tales and stories, Goslar 1939
  • Fire in the fog, Hamburg 1940
  • Heinrich von Lützelburg, Hamburg 1940
  • Hüben und over, Bremen 1940
  • The huntress, Hamburg 1940
  • The comrade, Reichenau 1940
  • The little distant city, Hamburg 1940
  • Schiffermär. A new circle of stories, Cologne 1940
  • The Flame Tree, Munich 1941
  • The Magdeburg Ball, Magdeburg 1941
  • Around the courtyard, Berlin 1941
  • The legend of the Reich, Hamburg 1941 - 1943
  • Mourning for Jakob Leisler. From the last days of the Guvernor and Supreme Commander of New York, Berlin 1941
  • A winter camp, Hamburg 1941
  • Storm drives over the country again, Hamburg 1942
  • All sorts of quirky guests. Picaresque tales, animal and children's tales, Strasbourg 1943
  • The trip to America, Bielefeld 1943
  • Adventures in pre-dawn, Berlin 1944
  • Encounter in the snow, Jena 1944
  • Maiden in the fog and other lying stories, Prague 1944
  • Seagulls behind the plow, Graz 1944
  • Morgenstern and Abendstern, Berlin 1944
  • From the Igel Stickelpickel, Cologne 1944
  • The Greyhounds and seventeen other short stories, Breslau 1944
  • Book of ballads, Flensburg, Hamburg 1950
  • Poems. From God, wide world and you, heart, deep inside, Flensburg, Hamburg 1950
  • Young love, Augsburg 1950
  • Mississippi, Bonn 1950
  • Game for the birth of Christ, Rotenburg ad Fulda 1950
  • Constitution and fall of the Old Saxon Republic, Wolfshagen 1951
  • The Sardinians and the possessed, Flensburg, Hamburg 1952
  • Inaccessible times. Life report, Vol. II, Mannheim 1952
  • Light on the reins. Life report, Vol. I, Mannheim 1953
  • Violence over fire. A story from prehistoric times, Reutlingen 1955
  • Legends of the Rhine, Stuttgart 1957
  • Elbe sagas, Stuttgart 1958
  • Donausagen, Stuttgart 1959
  • Fairy tales from the Lower Elbe, Flensburg 1959
  • North Sea legends, Stuttgart 1960
  • Alpine sagas, Stuttgart 1961
  • The Wiedewitte and other fairy tales, Hamburg 1962
  • Path through Heidelberg, Neustadt ad Weinstrasse 1964
  • Armor of the spirits, Stuttgart no year.

literature

  • Reichs Handbuch der Deutschen Gesellschaft - The handbook of personalities in words and pictures . First volume, Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, ISBN 3-598-30664-4
  • Jürgen Blunck: Bibliography Hans Friedrich Blunck. With an appendix: Writings by and about Barthold Blunck. Society for the Promotion d. Work v. Hans Friedrich Blunck e. V., Hamburg 1981, ( Yearbook of the Society for the Promotion of the Work of Hans Friedrich Blunck 1981, ZDB -ID 976346-6 ).
  • Jörg Fligge : Lübeck schools in the "Third Reich": a study on the education system in the Nazi era in the context of developments in the Reich , Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2014, p. 975 ( biographical information )
  • W. Scott Hoerle: Hans Friedrich Blunck. Poet and Nazi collaborator. 1888-1961. Peter Lang, Oxford et al. 2003, ISBN 0-8204-6292-6 , ( Studies in modern German literature 97).
  • Christian Jenssen : Hans Friedrich Blunck. Life and work. Buch- und Tiefdr.-Gesellschaft Abt. Buchverlag, Berlin 1935.
  • Ernst Klee : The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 (= The time of National Socialism. Vol. 17153). Completely revised edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-596-17153-8 , p. 55.
  • Ulf-Thomas Lesle : Hamburg as "center point and source of strength". The "Low German Movement" - its requirements and connections . In: I. Stephan / HG Winter: "Love that drops anchor in the abyss". Authors and the literary field in Hamburg in the 20th century . Hamburg 1990, pp. 69-82. ISBN 3-88619-380-2 .
  • Ulf-Thomas Lesle: Identity Project Low German. The definition of language as a political issue . In: R. Langhanke (Ed.): Language, Literature, Space. Fs. For Willy Diercks . Bielefeld 2015, pp. 693–741. ISBN 978-3-89534-867-9 .
  • Kai-Uwe Scholz: Chameleon or The Many Faces of Hans-Friedrich Blunck. Adaptation strategies of a prominent Nazi cultural functionary before and after 1945. In: Ludwig Fischer (Ed.): Then the winners were there. Studies on literary culture in Hamburg 1945-1950 . Dölling and Galitz, Hamburg 1999, ISBN 3-930802-83-X , ( series of publications by the Hamburg Cultural Foundation 7).
  • Jens-Peter Wagner: The continuity of the trivial. Hans Friedrich Blunck (1888-1961) . In: Christiane Caemmerer et al. (Ed.): Poetry in the Third Reich? On literature in Germany 1933-1945 . Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen 1996, ISBN 3-531-12738-1 , pp. 245-264.
  • Jan Zimmermann: The FVS Foundation's Culture Awards 1935–1945. Presentation and documentation. Published by the Alfred Toepfer Foundation FVS Christians, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-7672-1374-5 , ( writings of the Alfred Toepfer Foundation FVS ), (also: Hamburg, Univ., FB Phil. And History, Diss. , 2001).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 73-76.
  2. ^ Hans Friedrich Blunck , Munzinger Archive , Biographies
  3. ↑ a b Werner Bergengruen : The existence of writers in the dictatorship. Records and reflections on politics, history and culture 1940 to 1963 ed. v. Frank-Lothar Kroll / N. Luise Hackelsberger / Sylvia Taschka, 2005 p.114 f. books.google .
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Hegele: Literature Lessons and Literary Life in Germany 1850-1990 , 1996 p. 88.
  5. ↑ Inge Jens: Poet between right and left. The history of the Poetry Section at the Prussian Academy of the Arts, presented according to the documents . Leipzig 1994 2nd edition p. 92f., P. 258.
  6. ^ Ernst Klee: The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 59.
  7. ↑ Volker Dahm: Artists as functionaries. The Propaganda Ministry and the Reich Chamber of Culture . 2004 in: Hans Sarkowicz (Ed.): Hitler's Artist. Culture in the service of National Socialism . Insel Verlag, Frankfurt a. M. 2004, ISBN 3-458-17203-3 , pp. 75-109 / 88.
  8. ↑ a b c d e Ernst Klee, Kulturlexikon, p. 60.
  9. ↑ Hildegard Brenner: The Art Policy of National Socialism. Reinbek 1963, p. 198. (Quoted from Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 , Fischer Taschenbuch, 2nd edition, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 56.)
  10. ↑ Volker Dahm: Artists as functionaries. The Propaganda Ministry and the Reich Chamber of Culture . 2004 in: Hans Sarkowicz (Ed.): Hitler's Artist. Culture in the service of National Socialism . 2004 Frankfurt a. M., pp. 75-109 / 89.
  11. ↑ Ulf-Thomas Lesle : Identity Project Low German. The definition of language as a political issue. In: R. Langhanke (Ed.): Language, Literature, Space. Fs. For Willy Diercks. Bielefeld 2015, p. 728, note 81.
  12. ↑ Uwe Danker , Astrid Schwabe: Schleswig-Holstein and the National Socialism, Neumünster 2005, page 88.
  13. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: R55 / 1336 Award of the Goethe Medal for Art and Science, individual cases. (accessed on December 28, 2015)
  14. ↑ Ernst Klee, Kulturlexikon, p. 59.
  15. ↑ See list of literature to be removed 1946 , list of literature to be removed 1947 , list of literature to be removed 1948 , list of literature to be removed 1953
  16. ^ Jürgen Hillesheim, Elisabeth Michael: Lexicon of National Socialist Poets . 1993, p. 63.
  17. ↑ Jens-Peter Wagner: The continuity of the trivial. Hans Friedrich Blunck (1888-1961) . In: Poetry in the Third Reich? On literature in Germany 1933–1945 . Opladen 1996, pp. 245-264.
personal data
SURNAME Blunck, Hans Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and writer
DATE OF BIRTH September 3, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Altona
DATE OF DEATH April 24, 1961
Place of death Hamburg