Heinrich Strack (architect)

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J. Heinrich Strack
The enlarged and redesigned Kronprinzenpalais Unter den Linden, after 1860, before 1900
Borsigs Maschinenbauanstalt Chausseestrasse , Berlin 1875, today's Torstrasse on the right
Hallesches Tor before 1901, looking north over the Belle-Alliance-Bridge and -Platz into Friedrichstrasse . The portal effect has been impaired since 1901 by the installation of the elevated railway on the north bank of the Landwehr Canal
The Petrikirche at the end of Grünstraße, 1903. Its tower was the tallest building in Berlin until the radio tower was built
Tomb in the Dorotheenstädtischer Friedhof in Berlin-Mitte

Johann Heinrich Strack (born July 6, 1805 in Bückeburg , † June 13, 1880 in Berlin ; sometimes Heinrich Strack ) was a German architect at the Schinkel School .

Life

Johann Heinrich Strack was born on July 6, 1805 in Bückeburg as the son of the portrait and vedute painter Anton Wilhelm Strack (1758–1829). As a born Tischbein, his mother was a sister a. a. of the painter Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Elder Ä.

Between 1824 and 1838 Strack studied and qualified at the Berlin Bauakademie and the Akademie der Künste . In 1825 he passed the surveyor's examination, in 1827 the construction conductor examination and in 1837/38 the master builder examination with qualification as a land, water and road construction inspector. From 1825 to 1832 Strack worked in Karl Friedrich Schinkel's studio to furnish the apartment for Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm in the Berlin Palace and from 1827 to 1832 under Friedrich August Stüler in the renovation of Prince Karl 's palace . His first independent job was in 1829/30 as construction management for the renovation of Prince Albrecht's Palais . In the years 1832 to 1837 he worked as an independent private builder and in 1837 was probably already responsible for the first factory for Borsig on Chausseestrasse. The collaboration with Stüler developed into friendship and both traveled to Saint Petersburg , England and France .

In 1841 Strack was appointed professor at the art academy, where he had been teaching architecture since 1839. In 1842 Strack entered the court building department as a court building inspector, where in 1875 he achieved the rank of secret chief building officer. Strack worked there mainly in the service of the heir to the throne, Prince Wilhelm of Prussia . His tasks also included interior design and furniture designs. In 1850 he became a member of the newly established Technical Building Deputation . In 1854 he was appointed professor at the Berlin Bauakademie as Stüler's successor.

Strack taught Wilhelm's son Friedrich drawing and had accompanied him on a trip to Italy in 1853/54. During excavations in Athens in 1862 , Strack, Ernst Curtius and Karl Bötticher discovered the remains of the Dionysostheater at the foot of the Acropolis . Strack emerged as an architecture writer and also took on orders from private clients. For August Borsig he built the house in Moabit and for his son Albert the new construction of the mechanical engineering institute on Chausseestrasse in Berlin. In 1865 he was accepted as a foreign member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts .

In Strack's fifty years of creativity, Berlin changed from a Biedermeier residence to a German industrial, trade and transport metropolis, with completely new building projects. Classical antiquity remained decisive for Strack , preserved and further developed through Schinkel's ideas. Strack preferred a pavilion-like order and staggering of the buildings connected by colonnades or arcaded , which he furnished carefully, elegantly, gracefully and delicately . The style development towards historicism was only achieved in a few church buildings and in Babelsberg, again in the sense of Schinkel, in the form of neo-Gothic . He rejected the change from European architecture to neo-renaissance , neo-baroque and neo-rococo with their eclectic digressions. In the judgment of posterity, Strack's work against Schinkel, who haunted him , was considered pale and powerless .

When Strack retired in 1876, Kaiser Wilhelm I appointed him “the Emperor's architect”. Strack's tomb in the Dorotheenstädtischer Friedhof in Berlin, which Reinhold Persius and Julius Emmerich helped to build, was created according to the design of his adoptive son Heinrich Strack the Elder. J. It is in the shape of an aedicle . It contains his portrait bust of Alexander Calandrelli . The model was the grave created by the deceased for August Borsig in the same cemetery. In the 1990s and early 2000s, the Berlin garden monument maintenance department renovated Strack's grave, reconstructed the lost wrought-iron grating, stored the bust and replaced it with a copy. Strack was an extraordinary member of the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 .

Buildings (selection)

Berlin

Outside of Berlin

Publications

  • Architectural monuments of the Altmark Brandenburg , Berlin 1833 (with FE Meyerheim and a text by Kugler )
  • Architectural album. Edited by the Architects' Association in Berlin by Stüler, Knoblauch , Strack , five issues in several editions until 1855, Riegel, Berlin and Potsdam. Including:
  • Architectural album. A collection of building designs with special attention to details and constructions. First issue: Draft for the company local of the railway system from St. Petersburg to Pavlovsk by Stüler and Strack. Publisher by Ferdinand Riegel, Potsdam 1838.
  • The ancient Greek theater building , Potsdam 1843
  • Babelsberg Palace , Berlin 1857 (with M. Gottgetreu )

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Heinrich Strack  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Berlin-Archiv , Archiv-Verlag, Braunschweig, sheet 04050
  2. ^ Peter H. Feist (in collaboration with Dieter Dolgner, Ulrike Krenzlin and Gisold Lammel): History of German Art 1848–1890 . Seemann, Leipzig 1987, p. 77 f.
  3. ^ Fritz Schumacher in: Currents in German Architecture since 1800 . EA Seemann, Cologne without a year (1955), p. 44
  4. ^ Georg Piltz : German architecture. An introduction . New Life, Berlin 1959, p. 352
  5. ^ Alfred Etzold, Wolfgang Türk: The Dorotheenstädtische Friedhof: The burial places on Berlin's Chausseestrasse , p. 65, Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin
  6. ^ Inauguration and commemoration of May 13, 1882 of the grave monument for Heinrich Strack. In: Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , May 20, 1882, p. 176; Retrieved December 10, 2012
  7. ↑ Jörg Haspel, Klaus von Krosigk (ed.), Edited by Katrin Lesser, Jörg Kuhn and Detlev Pietzsch: Gartendenkmale in Berlin. Cemeteries . Petersberg 2008, p. 123.
  8. ↑ Uwe Kieling: Berlin building officials and state architects in the 19th century , Berlin, 1986, p. 88
  9. ^ Berlin-Archiv , Archiv-Verlag, Braunschweig, sheet 03040
  10. ↑ Bodo Rollka, Volker Spiess, Bernhard Thieme: Berliner Biographisches Lexikon , Haude & Spener, Berlin, 1993, page 387
  11. ^ Berlin-Archiv , Archiv-Verlag, Braunschweig, sheet 04152
  12. ^ Berlin-Archiv , Archiv-Verlag, Braunschweig, sheet 04144
  13. ↑ Gernot Ernst and Ute Laur-Ernst: The city of Berlin in printmaking 1570-1870 , Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2009, vol. 2, page 53
  14. ↑ Bodo Rollka, Volker Spiess, Bernhard Thieme: Berliner Biographisches Lexikon , Haude & Spener, Berlin, 1993, page 387
  15. ^ Press release of the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg (SPSG) from September 13, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Strack, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Strack, Johann Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH July 6, 1805
PLACE OF BIRTH Buckeburg
DATE OF DEATH June 13, 1880
Place of death Berlin