Hells Angels Germany

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Hells Angels in Berlin, 2011

The Hells Angels Germany or Hells Angels MC Germany is a motorcycle and rocker club that has been represented in Germany since 1973 . He is the regional representative of the globally active Hells Angels MC, which was founded in Fontana (California) , San Bernardino County / USA in 1948 . The Hells Angels MC Germany is one of the four large motorcycle clubs in Germany that are important to the police and are organized nationwide. It is also known as the “ Outlaw Motorcycle Gang ”, which some representatives from politics, media and the fight against crime classify as a criminal organization . So far, individual charters have been banned. A nationwide ban has been examined by the interior ministers since 2010.

History and dissemination

The club was created in March 1973 in Hamburg from a rocker group called "Bloody Devils", which was locally active in the Hanseatic city and which had starred in the 1971 film " Rocker " by director Klaus Lemke . The second local group (“Charter”) in Germany followed on December 4, 1981, arising from the Swabian motorcycle club “Hammers of Hell” in Stuttgart, Berlin and North-End in 1990 and Kiel in 1994. Currently (as of March 2012) 51 charter are known to the police, with an estimated 650 members (as of June 2008). Charter Hanover with its President Frank Hanebuth , with around 60 members, is considered to be the most influential and powerful in Germany.

A historic turning point in the history of the German Hells Angels was November 14, 1999, when the more than 30-year-old " Bones MC " as the largest motorcycle club in Germany at the time, with 16 of 21 charters and half of the 497 members at the time, almost closed the much smaller one "Hells Angels" joined.

Another date that caused a stir was February 2010, when the "Berlin Centro" Chapter of the Bandidos MC Germany , which was at that time hostile, defected to the Hells Angels, but has since been officially called "Hells Angels - Turkey" in Berlin.

Presumably in connection with an impending ban on various charter of the Hells Angels and Chapters of the Bandidos, the Bandidos chapter "South Side" (Berlin) changed to the Hells Angels' Potsdam charter in May 2012.

In December 2012, the Bandido Chapter "Berlin Midtown" switched to the Hells Angels after the then President of the Chapter was linked with an attempted bomb attack.

In January 2013 it became known that the charter "Westside" (Bremen) had been re-established after it had been dissolved six months earlier.

Structures

The charter has hierarchical structures, in each of which there is a president, vice-president, treasurer, etc., even a press officer.

Hells Angels Germany, Waghäusel Clubhouse

Before being accepted as a member ("Member"), the applicant goes through as a "hangaround" a candidate for prospect status. The "prospect" or candidate has a trial period for member status for at least one year. When going out, applicants are allowed to “drive behind, lug beer crates at parties and wash the Hells Angels' motorcycles. If they pass all tests, the subjects are accepted into the World Association of Hells Angels. As a sign they are allowed to wear the back patch (patch) on their robes , which shows a skull with wings, the so-called deadhead / deathhead. "

While the Hells Angels themselves do not give precise guidelines on the admission requirements, there are indications that the applicant should be male, white, older than 21, owner of a Harley-Davidson (from 750 cubic centimeters), supported by a member, trustworthy and useful specialist . A criminal record should also be useful.

cooperation

Non-members who support the respective or worldwide charter are referred to as "supporters". The so-called "Supporter Clubs", which support the respective charter, take on an important task in Germany.

The Hells Angels maintain their own motorcycle club, the Red Devils MC, which exclusively supports the Hells Angels. Hanover, which is currently the largest Hells Angels Charter worldwide, has Red Devils Support Clubs in Lüneburg, Salzwedel, Uelzen, Celle, Salzgitter, Nienburg, Stadthagen, Minden, Wolfenbüttel, Helmstedt, Paderborn, Hildesheim and Göttingen, for example.

Legion 81 (the name stands for the eighth and the first letter in the alphabet) in Kiel and Freiburg were considered the supporter clubs. The club in Kiel was dissolved.

Other motorcycle clubs are organized as supporters in the so-called "North Association", headed by the Hanoverian Hells Angels and which includes the Red Devils and 20 other regional clubs. In addition to the actual club members or supporters of the club, a large number of supporters can be mobilized via this network, who are regularly active in different ways.

competitor

Again and again the Hells Angels are involved in competitive battles with other rocker clubs. With the Bandidos , Outlaws MC and the Gremium MC , the Hells Angels have conflicts over areas of influence. In particular, the “rocker war” with the Bandidos over territorial claims and market shares made headlines in 2009.

In May 2010, a peace treaty was signed between Hells Angels boss Hanebuth and Peter Maczollek, President of the Bandidos in Germany and their vice-president in Europe, in the office of Hanebuth's lawyer Götz von Fromberg in Hanover, in which the former Chancellor Gerhard also temporarily Schröder was active. The peace was short-lived.

Self-image and evaluation

Helau Angels caricature when Rosenmontagszug in Dusseldorf 2013

Dubbed the “angry stepbrothers of the hippies ” (Kuno Kruse), the Hells Angels see themselves as a “ motorcycle club and international brotherhood ” with the basic values ​​of honor, respect, loyalty and freedom. Values ​​"that only the old people from the extended families customary at the time know" and "that have been lost to a large part of society" and thereby, according to the criticism of the Hells Angels, adversely change society. Treason, child abuse and hard drug use are considered exclusion criteria for the Hells Angels. The comradeship would reject drug and arms trafficking despite constant allegations. The Hells Angels complain about one-sided reporting in the media, especially the general criminalization of their attitude towards life.

Klaus Boers , professor of the criminological institute at the University of Münster, rates the clubs as “macho culture par excellence”, whose “old male rituals are a manifestation of the past.” Opitz states that it “must seem downright paradoxical when the club member strives for it Freedom after joining [...] is regulated by club statutes and freedom is transformed into a freedom (s) obligation. In this way, individual freedom becomes collective freedom that must always take club interests into account ”.

Club rules and special features

According to Sonny Barger , the former president, the club should get by with as few rules as possible. The rules he established are still in force today. So must

  • Club members meet on a fixed date every week. Unexcused absence will result in a fine. Women are not allowed to attend these meetings, and drugs are prohibited during the meeting.
  • Every club member must own their own motorcycle, a Harley-Davidson is not required.
  • The wife or girlfriend of another club member are inviolable.
  • Fighting between club members is prohibited.

The charter of the German Hells Angels doesn’t have “Germany” as the “bottom rocker”, i.e. the lower lettering on their robes, but rather city and area names such as B. "Black Forest", "West Side", "Frankfurt" or "Stuttgart". This measure prevents the club ban imposed by the Hamburg Charter from being applied to all German charters. The German Hells Angels got permission from the USA for this purpose . In Germany and internationally, the lettering, the font and writing form red on white, the winged skull as well as various paraphrases and abbreviations such as "Big Red Machine" and "AFFA" (Angels Forever Forever Angels) are protected by trademark law.

In addition to the back patch , special patches are provided, according to Dequiallo , if you knocked down or injured a police officer, etc. or Filthy Few , if someone was killed, such as a former Hells Angels member.

Proximity to crime

There are many criminal allegations against individual members of the club and its charter. The charges in police investigations and later court trials include suspected offenses such as bodily harm , robbery , prostitution , possession of weapons , racketeering , drug trafficking and murder . According to their own statements, 18 Hells Angels were imprisoned in 2010. Another manifestation are the organized crime groups (OK) dominated by Hells Angels . In 2010, 20 OC proceedings were directed against members of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club.

Former members of the Hells Angels Germany also reported that the club was criminally aligned. According to Ulrich Detrois , this would only affect the German charter. These allegations are supported by relevant court judgments against leading members of the group. Hells Angels were repeatedly involved in disputes with other rocker clubs, some of which led to deaths.

In addition to criminal activities, the Hells Angels also develop legal business areas. "Typical fields of activity for this are guard and security services, the catering sector and tattoo studios that are officially registered as a commercial entity." The Hells Angels would u. a. cooperate with security services according to the following scheme: The club lends the rockers money to buy their Harley-Davidson motorcycle. The members would then work off this credit as bouncers or brothel keepers. According to one dropout, a full member pays 400 euros a month for the club, the habit costs a one-time fee of 2500 euros.

Incidents in Germany

  • 1973: In April a 20-year-old church helper in Hamburg was stabbed to death by a member of the Bloody Devils .
  • 1980: On Sylt , a disco owner was killed by an American Hells Angels member after he had beaten the Hells Angel and put it in front of the door.
  • 2002: Necati Arabaci , disguised as a greengrocer , a member of the Hells Angels who controlled part of the red light district in the Rhine-Ruhr area through bouncers and pimps, was arrested in Cologne . In 2004 he was convicted of ringleadership in a criminal organization, blackmail, pimping and heavy human trafficking.
  • 2004: The leading figure of the Karlsruhe Charterer, a 42-year-old brothel owner and well-known red - light star , was shot dead in broad daylight in a café in downtown Karlsruhe in January.
  • 2006: Members of the Hells Angels attacked a club house of the hostile rocker club Bandidos near Bremen and seriously injured five men. The perpetrators were found by the police. Which then in Hannover out criminal against 14 Hells Angels members went late 2008 after an agreement between court , prosecutor and defense "surprisingly fast" to an end. Three men were in prison sentenced for eleven defendants only suspended sentences were given. The then attorney general in Celle and later attorney general Harald Range defended the "mild judgment".
  • 2007: After previous arguments between the Hells Angels and Bandidos in Ibbenbüren , a Hells Angels member was murdered by two Bandidos members.
  • 2009: In June, the President of the Outlaws MC Chapter Donnersberg was killed by Hells Angels members near Stetten (Palatinate) after an argument between members of the rival clubs had previously broken out in Bad Kreuznach. In August, a former member of the Hells Angels was shot dead on the street in Berlin. The president of the Flensburg Charter, which has since been dissolved, was sentenced to four years in prison for deliberately ramming a motorcycling member of another club at high speed on the autobahn in September and seriously injuring him. In October, a prospect by the Hells Angels shot and killed Bandidos member Rudi Heinz Elten on the street in Duisburg . As a result, there were violent arguments between the two clubs.
  • 2010: In Anhausen in the Westerwald, a member of the Rhineland-Palatinate Special Operations Command was killed by a member of the Hells Angels. The perpetrator shot twice through the closed door when the SEK was about to open it. The Federal Court of Justice acquitted the Hells Angels member because he had acted in putative defense. It thought the members of the SEK were members of the hostile rocker club Bandidos, who had previously threatened him.
  • May 2011: After the violent clashes in the rocker scene in August 2010 seemed at least partially resolved after the so-called "peace treaty", clashes flared up again in 2011 in which the German Hells Angels were significantly involved.
  • January 2012: On the night of January 21-22, 2012, there was a mass brawl between Hells Angels and Bandidos in Mönchengladbach . A few days later, two hundred police raided a Hells Angels clubhouse; the interior committee of the state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia dealt on February 2 (as also on November 12, 2009) with the subject of "rocker crime".
  • May 2013: The Reutlingen criminal police arrested the president of the Hells Angels charter Reutlingen, Ingo Dura, in a Frankfurt hotel on suspicion of heavy robbery extortion. He was sentenced to four years in prison.
  • December 2013: The public prosecutor's office investigated in 2013 on suspicion of money laundering against a person close to the Hells Angels from the vicinity of the Colosseum brothel in Augsburg .
  • June 2016: A group of around 20 Hells Angels penetrated the "Revier" of the rival United Tribuns in Eisenbahnstrasse in the east of Leipzig . Despite a threat from the police, there was a shootout between the clubs. Three rockers came to the hospital seriously injured, two of them were shot in the stomach. A member of the United Tribuns eventually died there.
  • On October 7, 2016, the leader of the Giessen chapter, Aygün Mucuk, was found shot dead in front of the chapter's clubhouse in Wißmar near Giessen. The 45-year-old was hit by 16 shots. Initially, there was no trace of the perpetrator.

Club bans

  • Charter Hamburg: In 1983/86 the German authorities enforced a ban on the Hamburg Hells Angels based on the Association Act . The association's ban was upheld in 1988 by the Federal Administrative Court. The necessary evidence for a ban according to § 129 StGB ( formation of a criminal organization ) could not be provided. Despite the ban, the Hells Angels charter "Harbor City" is back today.
  • Charter Düsseldorf: On January 25, 2001, the Hells Angels "Düsseldorf" were banned after the public prosecutor's office accused the rockers of not only forming a criminal organization but also of illegal possession of weapons and explosives, robbery, coercion, threats and theft.
  • Charter Flensburg: On April 29, 2010, after previous violent clashes between the " Bandidos Neumünster" and the Flensburg Charter, both clubs were banned by Schleswig-Holstein's Interior Minister Klaus Schlie (CDU).
  • Charter Pforzheim: On June 10, 2011, the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior banned the “Hells Angel MC Charter Borderland” and its supporter club “Commando 81 Borderland”.
  • Charter Frankfurt and Westend: On September 30th, 2011 the clubs “Frankfurt” and “Westend” were banned by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior due to violation of criminal laws.
  • Charter Kiel: On January 18, 2012 the charter "Kiel" was banned by Schleswig-Holstein's Minister of the Interior, Klaus Schlie, under the Association Act. The association's assets were confiscated.
  • Charter Cologne: On May 3rd, 2012 the charter "Cologne" was banned in Cologne by the NRW Interior Minister Ralf Jäger . In addition, a supporter club ( Red Devils Cologne ) was banned.
  • Singing charter: On May 29, 2012, the Hells Angels' charter "singing" dissolved, allegedly to forestall an apparently imminent police operation to enforce an upcoming prohibition order
  • Charter Berlin-City: The “Hells Angels MC Berlin City” as well as the supporter clubs “Berlin City MG 81” and “Berlin City Crew 81” broke up on the night of May 29, 2012 in response to a ban by Interior Senator Frank Henkel (CDU) to forestall.

Since 2010 the interior ministers and interior senators of the federal and state governments have been examining a general ban on rocker clubs such as the Hells Angels.

Cowl ban

In April 2014, the Hanseatic Higher Regional Court in Hamburg ruled on the ban on robes. In the following months, the interior ministries of all federal states dealt with the issue of the ban on robes; most of them (with the exception of Hesse and Saxony-Anhalt, as of August 2014) pronounced cowl bans, e.g. B .:

  • Berlin, Thuringia and Schleswig-Holstein in June
  • Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia in July (NRW has banned not only the Hells Angels and the Bandidos, but also their support clubs from wearing cowls)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate in July
  • In Bavaria there has been a cowl ban since October 1, 2014
  • Hesse tightened the legal situation in October 2014

Club Resolutions

  • At the end of February 2012, the Midland Charter (Langenfeld near Düsseldorf) of the Hells Angels dissolved itself.
  • In June 2012 the Hells Angels Charter West-Side (Bremen), Potsdam and Southport (Hamburg) disbanded.
  • On June 27, 2012, the Hanoverian Charter under its President Frank Hanebuth dissolved itself.
  • On July 5, 2012, the Schwerin Charter broke up after a police search.
  • On March 5, 2013, the Bonn Charter dissolved.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessischer Landtag: Drucksache 15/2567 from August 6, 2001 (accessed on February 3, 2012; PDF; 29 kB)
  2. ↑ a b c bka.de, Autumn Conference 2010 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 61 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bka.de
  3. ↑ Small inquiry in the state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia landtag.nrw.de, small inquiry 1488 of January 26, 2012, (PDF; 245 kB) printed matter 15/4239, accessed on March 13, 2012
  4. ↑ The fascination of the bad guys ( Memento of the original from January 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. stern.de from June 8, 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stern.de
  5. ↑ ndr.de of April 29, 2010 ( Memento of October 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) It is difficult to pronounce a nationwide ban (accessed on August 2, 2011)
  6. ↑ Stefan Schubert: How the Hells Angels conquered Germany's underworld . Riva Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86883-248-8 , pp. 95 .
  7. ↑ Berlin bandidos want to defer to Hells Angels. February 3, 2010, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  8. ↑ Rocker bands Hells Angels and Bandidos in Berlin bypass the threatened ban Spiegel Online , online
  9. ↑ Weserkurier: Hells Angels are returning
  10. ^ Lutz Schellhorn, President of the Hells Angels Stuttgart; in: People at Maischberger from March 5, 2013
  11. ↑ a b c zeit.de of December 29, 2007 Murder Trial: Machos, No Mafia (accessed on August 1, 2011)
  12. ↑ Federal Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Austria Public Security: The Magazine of the Ministry of the Interior, No. 4/2000 (accessed on July 31, 2011)
  13. ↑ Map excerpt, “Hells Angels Hannover” homepage , accessed on May 11, 2011
  14. ↑ 52 months imprisonment for Kiel ex-rocker Aid on rp-online.de
  15. ↑ There is a risk of trouble in the Freiburg rocker scene, police on alert on badische-zeitung.de
  16. ^ North Association. Retrieved May 11, 2011 .
  17. ↑ Rocker crime in Lower Saxony: Small question of May 27, 2011, No. 124 (PDF; 88 kB)
  18. ↑ spiegel.de from November 2, 2009 Rocker war in the Ruhr area: “Stay out of there!” (Accessed on August 8, 2011)
  19. ↑ Rocker bands stage peace spectacles on welt.de
  20. ↑ Hells Angels and Bandidos for business are also revealed by the club on sueddeutsche.de
  21. ↑ Hells Angels Germany: Position paper of November 17, 2010 ( Memento of the original of July 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 129 kB) Lutz Schelhorn , Hells Angels M / C Stuttgart (accessed on August 2, 2011)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hells-angels-germany.de
  22. ↑ Hells Angels Media.com ( Memento of the original from September 2, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Trailer: 81 the other world (accessed August 3, 2011)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hellsangelsmedia.com
  23. ^ Martin G. Opitz: Rockers in the field of tension between club interests and social norms. Hartung-Gorre, 1990, ISBN 3-89191-377-X , p. 176.
  24. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: mdr.de, Exactly from January 18, 2011 Rocker in Central Germany - An insider unpacks (accessed August 1, 2011)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.mdr.de
  25. ↑ taz.de of May 26, 2011
  26. ↑ Hells Angels Germany: Position paper of November 17, 2010 ( Memento of the original of July 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 129 kB) Lutz Schelhorn, Hells Angels M / C Stuttgart (accessed on August 2, 2011)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hells-angels-germany.de
  27. ↑ Bundeskriminalamt: Bundeslagebild Organized Kriminalität 2010, p. 19 ( download ( memento of the original from October 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove it Note. [PDF, 274kB]) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bka.de
  28. ↑ About Me - Bad Boy Uli. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 18, 2011 ; Retrieved May 11, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.badboyuli.de
  29. ^ Hells Angels trial: judgment final. May 6, 2010, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  30. ↑ zeit.de of May 20, 2010 Organized Crime: The Network of Hell's Angels (accessed on August 8, 2011)
  31. ↑ express.de from June 23, 2010 "As a beginner you have to clean toilets" (accessed on August 8, 2011)
  32. ↑ stern.de from January 17, 2008 Kuno Kruse: Hells Angels, Die last Krieger (accessed on August 2, 2011)
  33. ↑ Montenegro: Suspected "Hells Angels" contract killer captured. In: Spiegel Online . July 25, 2007, accessed February 27, 2015 .
  34. ↑ Sonja Fröhlich: Hells Angels. Prosecutor defends mild verdict. Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , January 9, 2009, accessed on August 1, 2015 .
  35. ↑ Murder in the rocker milieu. Hells Angels behind bars. April 5, 2010, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  36. ↑ Berlin police fear rocker act of revenge. August 14, 2009, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  37. ↑ Four years imprisonment for Flensburg's ex-rocker boss. April 29, 2011, archived from the original on May 4, 2011 ; Retrieved May 11, 2011 .
  38. ↑ Sebastian Beck: Like with like. Süddeutsche Zeitung , May 17, 2010, accessed April 30, 2013 .
  39. ↑ Grischa Merkel: BGH judgment: Against the law of the law. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , April 19, 2012, accessed on April 26, 2012 .
  40. ↑ Hells Angels and Bandidos: Handshake on the rocker peace. May 26, 2010, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  41. ↑ Hells Angels and Bandidos fight in Duisburg. May 8, 2011, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  42. ^ Rheinische Post January 23, 2012: Fear of rocker war
  43. ↑ Federal Supreme Court rejects Dura revision in jail on gea.de.
  44. ↑ Red light district: Ex-Colosseum boss arrested in Mallorca: Member of the Hells Angels? In: Augsburger Allgemeine from December 1, 2013
  45. ↑ mdr.de: Dead in shooting in Leipziger Eisenbahnstrasse | MDR.DE. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 26, 2016 ; Retrieved June 26, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mdr.de
  46. ↑ Fatal shots in Leipzig: A Hells Angel member in custody on suspicion of murder on lvz.de, accessed on June 27, 2016
  47. ^ RP ONLINE: Deadly violence in the Leipzig rocker milieu: Hells Angel is said to have shot the United Tribune. In: RP ONLINE. Retrieved June 26, 2016 .
  48. ^ A b SPIEGEL ONLINE, Hamburg Germany: Hessen: Gießener Hells Angels boss found dead. In: SPIEGEL ONLINE. Retrieved October 7, 2016 .
  49. ↑ FAZ.net October 10, 2016
  50. ↑ Eleven members are charged with numerous offenses. "Hells Angels" in court. February 9, 2001, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  51. ↑ recht.nrw.de (accessed on August 3, 2011)
  52. ↑ Hells Angels vs. Bandidos: Heavy blow for heavy boys. April 29, 2010, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  53. ↑ ka-news.de from June 10, 2011 Pforzheim: Interior Minister forbids dangerous rocker clubs (accessed on August 3, 2011)
  54. ↑ Hessen forbids two Hells Angels clubs. September 30, 2011, accessed September 30, 2011 .
  55. ^ Hells Angels prohibited: raid on Kiel rockers. Süddeutsche Zeitung , January 31, 2012, accessed on February 3, 2012 .
  56. ↑ tagesspiegel.de from February 1, 2012 Strike against rocker crime: Hells Angels prohibited in Kiel (accessed on February 1, 2012)
  57. ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt February 1, 2012, p. 16.
  58. ^ Hells Angels banned in Schleswig-Holstein. Die Welt , January 31, 2012, accessed February 3, 2012 .
  59. ↑ NRW Interior Minister Jäger forbids Hell's Angel Club. General-Anzeiger , May 3, 2012, accessed May 3, 2012 .
  60. ↑ Press release from the PR team ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on ride-free.de  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ride-free.de
  61. ↑ Interior Senator forbids Hells Angels Berlin City. Hamburger Abendblatt , May 30, 2012, accessed on May 30, 2012 .
  62. ^ A major raid against the Berlin Hells Angels despite treason. Berliner Morgenpost , May 30, 2012, accessed on May 30, 2012 .
  63. ↑ Hells Angels. Rocker club threatens to go to the court if prohibited. January 30, 2011, accessed May 11, 2011 .
  64. ↑ Judgment of April 7, 2014 Az. 1 - 31/13 (Rev), 1 - 31/13 (Rev) - 1 Ss 90/13
  65. ↑ No further rocker groups ( memento of the original from October 3, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on bundesjustizportal.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundesjustizportal.de
  66. ↑ a b focus.de August 21, 2014: Bavaria also bans Hells Angels emblems
  67. ↑ Ban on robes for the Hells Angels ( memento from June 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Tagesschau.de from June 7, 2014
  68. ↑ Rocker kutten are now prohibited in SH shz.de from June 13, 2014
  69. ↑ ksta.de July 31, 2014: Cowl ban also for Red Devils
  70. ↑ stern.de July 14, 2014: Attacked from outside and inside
  71. ↑ welt.de October 29, 2014: LKA wants to enforce stricter rules for Hells Angels robes quickly
  72. ↑ Hells Angels dissolve Charter Midland on bild.de.
  73. ↑ Bremen "Hells Angels" have disbanded. Weser-Kurier , June 8, 2012, accessed on June 23, 2012 .
  74. ^ Potsdamer Hells Angels dissolved. Weser-Kurier , June 16, 2012, accessed on June 23, 2012 .
  75. ↑ Mighty Hells Angels Hanover dissolve. Die Welt , June 29, 2012, accessed June 29, 2012 .
  76. ^ Rocker club Hells Angels Schwerin dissolved. Die Welt , July 10, 2012, accessed on July 17, 2012 .
  77. ↑ Press release. (No longer available online.) In: Ride Free. March 5, 2013, archived from the original on March 11, 2013 ; Retrieved March 6, 2013 .