Herbstmühle (Weismain)

Autumn mill City of Weismain Coordinates: 50 ° 3 ′ 25 ″  N , 11 ° 15 ′ 26 ″  E
Height :	365 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	3  (Jan. 1, 2013)
Postal code :	96260
Area code :	09575
Location of Herbstmühle in Bavaria

Autumn mill
The front view of the autumn mill (seen from the north)
Location and history
Coordinates	50 ° 3 ′ 25 ″  N , 11 ° 15 ′ 26 ″  E
Location	Germany  Bavaria Weismain - Bärental
Waters	Krassach
Built	Well before 1800
Shut down	1974
Status	Mill technology removed and replaced by modern electronic control; Mill building serves as a museum and residential building
technology
use	Grain and oil mill
Grinder	Two grinders with two millstones up to 1914, supplemented by a ramming gear in 1830
drive	Watermill
water wheel	Until 1914 three, since then Francis turbine

The Herbstmühle (formerly also Wunkendorfer Mühle ) is a former grain and oil mill in Bärental , northwest of the Weismain district of Wunkendorf an der Krassach . It is a separate district with three residents (as of January 1, 2013). In an adjoining building of the mill there is accommodation for the Kulmbach mountain rescue section , the mill houses a mill and technology museum. As a protected monument , the mill is managed by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation under monument number D-4-78-176-106 .

history

When the autumn mill was built is unclear. The first mention was 1421-1432 with Albrecht Herbstmülner in the Hopffenmül near Niesten. Another mention was in 1422 at a Wies ob der Herbstmul.

A first description dates from 1801, the first known cadastral entry from 1810. However, it can be assumed that the mill is much older. The old name Wunkendorfer Mühle comes from the spatial proximity to this place and from the fact that in earlier times the Wunkendorfer went down to the mill every day to draw drinking water there.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the mill had the real grinding right to operate two grain grinding courses . In addition to the mill and residential buildings, the property also included various farm buildings, a garden, fields, meadows and forests as well as the fishing rights in the Krassach. Around 1830, the mill was expanded with another water wheel, which drove a tamper to produce oil. In 1914, the then owner of the mill installed a turbine which made the water wheels superfluous. The old drive system and the mill room were also replaced by new technical systems; by 1916 the control system was converted to suit the turbine. In addition to operating the grinding aisles, this also enabled electricity to be generated for domestic use. However, the low voltage was only suitable for light bulbs and the drive of individual mechanical devices.

From the Second World War , at the latest , only the population of the area had grain ground there, so that economic unprofitability forced the miller to give up the milling operation in 1974. Today the mill is a private residence.

Population development

The table shows the recent population development of the Herbstmühle.

year	Residents	source
2012	3
2013	3
2015	3

architecture

The Herbstmühle is a two-story residential stable from the first half of the 19th century with a massive ground floor and a half-timbered floor above . A hipped roof forms the end . The formerly overshot waterwheels are no longer there, but a highlighted silhouette on the wall of the house indicates the former position.

Mill and technology museum

In the small museum in the mill, various objects from everyday mill life in earlier times can be seen and the turbine system from 1914 has been optically refurbished and can be viewed. It is a Francis turbine that generates around 18,000 kWh of electricity per year  . After deducting your own requirements, approx. 14,500 kWh can be fed into the public power grid annually. The nominal power of the turbine is 8  KW .

Regular festivals and events

• Juraturm festival , organized by the mountain rescue section Kulmbach

See also

List of mills on the Weismain and Krassach rivers

literature

• Jutta Böhm: Mill bike tour. Routes: Kleinziegenfelder Tal and Bärental , Weismain environmental station in the Lichtenfels district, Weismain / Lichtenfels (Lichtenfels district), 2000, 52 pages (numerous illustrations, canton)
• Alois Dechant, Gerhard W. Peetz: hiking guide Weismain. Marie Link Verlag, Kronach, 2010

Web links

Commons : Herbstmühle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p} Böhm (2000), pp. 45–46
2. ↑ Dechant (2010), p. 22
3. ↑ Mühlen in Weismain , fraenkische-schweiz.bayern-online.de, accessed on December 30, 2012
4. ↑ Mühle, Neudorf 36 , geodaten.bayern.de, accessed on December 30, 2012
5. ^ Dieter George: Lichtenfels; The old circle . Historical book of place names of Bavaria. Upper Franconia. Volume 6: Lichtenfels. Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7696-6862-9 , p. 45.
6. ↑ ^{a b c d} Mühlen 2012 , Tourist Information Oberes Maintal-Coburger Land, Lichtenfels 2012, PDF (131 kB), p. 2 ( Memento of the original from August 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still Not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
7. ↑ Population distribution of the city of Weismain on January 1, 2012 ( Memento from January 5, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
8. ↑ Population distribution in the city of Weismain on January 1, 2013 ( Memento from May 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
9. ↑ Population distribution of the city of Weismain on January 1, 2015 ( Memento from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
10. ↑ Wunkendorf , stadt-weismain.de, accessed on 30 December 2012