Hilwartshausen
The Hilwartshausen monastery in the Weser Valley is a farm belonging to Gimte (district of Hann. Münden ) in the district of Göttingen in southern Lower Saxony ( Germany ).
Geographical location
Gut Hilwartshausen is about 3.5 km (as the crow flies ) north-northwest of the city center of Hann. Münden . It is located directly to the left of the Weser at river kilometer 3.6 at around 120 m above sea level. NHN ; on the other bank, the village gimte spreads around 1.5 km south of the estate . The border with Hesse runs around 850 m to the west along the eastern roof of the Reinhardswald and the Steinkopf there . At the foot of the mountain, and thus west of the estate, Reinhardshagen -Hann leads in its section . Münden ( Altmünden district ) pass the federal highway 80 in a north-south direction. The route shares this with the "Frau-Holle-Route" of the German Fairy Tale Route and the Wesertalstrasse . Immediately to the northeast of the B 80, the “Piepengraben” coming from the Steinkopf flows into the Weser at the state border.
Monastery history
The Hilwartshausen settlement was first mentioned in a document before the monastery was founded in a deed of donation from Bishop Erkanbert of Minden to the Fulda monastery from the early 9th century.
In 960 who founded matrona Aeddila and King Otto I the rich immediate Kanonissenstift Hilwartshausen as Virgin Congregation . The monastery church built for this purpose was consecrated to the martyr Stephen . From around the year 1000 the monastery lost its status as an imperial monastery , since it came to the diocese of Hildesheim under the bishop Bernward of Hildesheim . Around the year 1007 King Heinrich II restored the imperial immediacy. Since 1142, the pen in a regulated was Augustinerchorherrenstift women - pen converted. As early as the 13th century, the Guelphs gained influence on Hilwartshausen and intervened in the life of the monastery from the 15th century. As a Guelph country monastery, it had financial obligations for the respective duke in Münden Castle , for example through taxes. On the initiative of Guelph, the reforms of the Windesheim congregation were introduced in Hilwartshausen Abbey from 1452 onwards by the Böddeken monastery and sisters from Diepenveen .
The monastery adhered to the Catholic faith until the end of the 16th century. The Reformation was carried out in 1585 when Duke Julius von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel took over the Principality of Calenberg-Göttingen . In 1615 there were seven nuns.
Merian engraving by Hilwartshausen around 1650
Map of Hilwartshausen from 1781
The Gothic monastery barn
Hilwartshausen snail tower
The monastery suffered severe destruction during the Thirty Years' War by the troops led by Johann T'Serclaes von Tilly . In 1629, barefoot monks and individual nuns moved into the monastery for a short time and were evicted. Then the facility fell into disrepair and was removed. The monastery church was demolished in 1785 (still recorded in the Electorate of Hanover from that year), and a garden wall along the Weser was built from the stones. Only a few traces in the fragmentary monastery garden , which was expanded into a baroque park around 1786, bear witness to this church building: A small column with a capital and a well-preserved part of the column under a tabletop, which perhaps once supported the baptismal font . In the park, which is now heavily overgrown, the snail tower is still present as a romantic design element from the baroque period. The stones used for this viewing platform probably come from the dilapidated monastery church.
Near the Gothic monastery barn with a striking stepped gable, which is still standing today, a small Gothic chapel was probably built in the 13th century outside the monastery district, which served the village of Gimte on the opposite side of the Weser as the village church. This little church was dedicated to the apostle Simon Peter . It was renovated around 1680 in a mixed Gothic-Baroque style and provided with a small porch and a new entrance. In a recent renovation, the dilapidated gallery was removed and the organ lowered at ground level. Church services are only held here on high church holidays.
Until the mid-1970s, a small yaw ferry connected Hilwartshausen with Eichhof, north of Gimte and east of the Weser .
graveyards
Until 1619, the residents of Gimte and the eastern neighboring town of Volkmarshausen (a northern district of Hann. Münden) on the other side of the Weser buried their deceased relatives in a small cemetery that was directly adjacent to the Petruskirche. For conversion of the coffin on the left side of the Weser be used a barge which, on a yaw cable connected, at the level of Eichhofs crossed the Weser. Ice often obstructed the crossing in winter and floods in spring, so that a kilometer-long detour over the fixed bridge in Münden had to be taken. In particular, the devastating flood in January 1643, which also affected the graves at the Petruskirche, caused the population to give up this cemetery and to rebuild it on the safe mountain slope that extends from the monastery to the Hessian border to the edge of the Reinhardswald.
The new cemetery was connected to the monastery property by a 500 meter long tree-lined path and was surrounded by a low quarry stone wall made of local sandstone . Until 1954 the deceased from Gimte and Volkmarshausen found a final resting place here. The tenants of the monastery also had their deceased relatives and employees buried in this cemetery. Since the 1960s, the complex with its around 20 graves has been left to decay despite some attempts by school classes to look after it. A wooden plaque on the side of the path indicates the existence of the cemetery, which is accessible through an opening in the northern fence.
grange
Today Hilwartshausen is a modern agricultural estate owned by the Hanover Monastery Chamber and leased to the fourth generation. The main focus of production is on cattle breeding and grain cultivation. The small St. Peter's Church can be visited, the key can be obtained from the estate management.
literature
- Deed of foundation, Lower Saxony State Archives Hanover
- Andreas Kleine-Tebbe, Hilwartshausen - On the building history of the former imperial monastery, Sydekum writings on the history of the city of Münden 15, Hannoversch Münden 1985
- Document book of the Hilwartshausen monastery (Göttingen-Grubenhagener document book, 4th section) . Edited by Manfred von Boetticher, Hanover 2001
- Wolfgang Petke, The incorporated parish and the benefit law. Hilwartshausen and Sieboldshausen 1315–1540 , in: Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 75 (2003), pp. 1–34.
- GIMTE City of Hann. Münden, district of Göttingen. District HILWARTSHAUSEN. In: Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Bremen Lower Saxony. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-422-03022-0 , p. 501
- Hilwartshausen. Place 802-817, pen since 960 , ed. from the homeland and history association Sydekum zu Münden e. V., Hann. Münden, 2010
Web links
- Description of Hilwartshausen Monastery on the Lower Saxony monastery map of the Institute for Historical Research
Individual evidence
- ^ Peter Ferdinand Lufen: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony , vol. 5.2: Göttingen district, part 1 . Altkreis Münden with the communities Adelebsen, Bovenden and Rosdorf. Published by the Lower Saxony State Administration Office - Institute for Monument Preservation. CW Niemeyer, Hameln 1993, ISBN 3-87585-251-6 , p. 201.
- ↑ Dietrich Dennecke: Münden and the surrounding area in 1785. Explanations on sheet 160 of the Kurhannoverschen Landesaufnahme. published by the Lower Saxony State Administration Office, 1984
- ↑ Andreas Kleine-Tebbe: The snail tower in the park of the Hilwartshausen monastery estate . Sydekum writings on the history of the city of Münden 11, Hannoversch Münden 1983.
Bonaforth | Gimte (with Hilwartshausen ) | Hedemünden | Hemeln (with Bursfelde and Glashütte ) | Laubach | Lippoldshausen | Mielenhausen | Oberode | Volkmarshausen | Wiershausen
Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ' N , 9 ° 38' E