Horní Světlá (Mařenice)

Horní Světlá
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Liberecký kraj
District :	Česká Lípa
Municipality :	Mařenice
Area :	1288.1188 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 50 '  N , 14 ° 39'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 50 '2 "  N , 14 ° 39' 4"  E
Height:	575  m nm
Residents :	43 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code :	471 57
License plate :	L.
traffic
Street:	Nová Huť - Dolní Světlá

Signpost in Myslivny

Horní Světlá , until 1946 Horní Lichtenwald (German Ober Lichtenwalde ) is a district of the municipality of Mařenice in the Czech Republic . It is located seven kilometers north of Cvikov on the German border and belongs to the Okres Česká Lípa .

geography

Horní Světlá extends in the Lusatian Mountains in the shallow basin of the Lichtenwalder Bach, a right tributary to the Svitávka (Zwittebach) . To the north rise the Lausche ( Luž , 793 m) and the Sonneberg (627 m), in the northeast the Buchberg (652 m) and the Heideberg with the Rabensteinen ( Krkavčí Kameny , 543 m), to the east the Plešivec ( Plissenberg , 653 m) , in the southeast the Soví vrch ( Olbenberg , 491 m), south of the Kamenný vrch ( Steinberg , 586 m) and the Suchý vrch ( Dürrberg , 638 m), in the southwest the Kobyla ( Hengstberg , 627 m) and the Malý Stoh (552 m) m), to the west of the Bouřný ( Friedrichsberg , 703 m) and the Kopřivnice ( Nesselsberg , 638 m), and in the northwest of the Čihadlo ( Piecesberg , 664 m), the Pěnkavčí vrch ( Finkenkoppe , 792 m) and the Vyhlídka ( Weberberg , 711 m). To the south in the valley of Hamerský Potok (Hammersbach) the dam Naděje .

Neighboring towns are Myslivny and Waltersdorf in the north, Saalendorf and Jonsdorf in the northeast, Dolní Světlá in the east, Juliovka and Mařenice in the southeast, Hamr, Naděje and Cvikov in the south, Svor , Rousínov and Kytlice in the southwest, Nová Huť and the Jedlová train station in the west as well Rozhled , Lesné , Kateřina and Dolní Podluží in the northwest.

history

Forest glassworks have been found in the forests of the Lusatian Mountains since the beginning of the 14th century . In the following time the Bohemian kings settled the old border forest. Two blows left by the glassworks were probably colonized. The first written mention of the village of Lichtenwald , which belongs to Mühlstein Castle , took place in 1391. The settlement consisted of two spatially separated parts; the lower village was in the valley of the Zwittebach and the upper village in the basin of the spring of the Lichtenwalder brook flowing into it from the right. In 1532, the Berka von Dubá rulers united the Mühlstein rule with the Reichstadt rule . In 1612 Johann von Kolowrat -Nowohradsky acquired the rule of Reichstadt. His widow Anna Magdalena married Julius Heinrich von Sachsen-Lauenburg in 1632 . With the death of Duke Julius Franz von Sachsen-Lauenburg , the male line of the Dukes of Sachsen-Lauenburg died out in 1689. Through marriage and inheritance, the Reichstadt rule came to various owners; among them the Counts of Pfalz-Neuburg from the House of Wittelsbach , Ferdinand Maria of Bavaria , to the family of Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany from the House of Habsburg-Lothringen and finally to Napoleon Franz Bonaparte . The Jägerdörfel lumberjack settlement was established at the end of the 18th century . In 1823 Karl Friedrich Matthes from Waltersdorf built a wooden hut on the Saxon side of the Lauschegipfels.

In 1832 Ober-Lichtewalde consisted of 108 houses with 783 German-speaking residents. There was a school in the village. The Jägerdörfel was off the beaten track - a stately hunter's house and around 20 houses that were grouped around a cliff south of the Lauschegipfel. The residents lived primarily from growing flax, flax spinning and house weaving, some worked as lumberjacks and day laborers. The parish was Groß-Mergthal . Until the middle of the 19th century, Ober-Lichtewalde remained subject to the allodial rule of Reichstadt.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Upper Light Willewalde / Horní Lichtenwald 1850 with the hamlet of low-light Hainewalde and the settlement Jägerdörfel a municipality in Bunzlauer county and judicial district Zwickau. A chapel was built in the center of Ober-Lichtewalde in 1856. From 1868 Ober-Lichtewalde belonged to the district of Gabel . In 1869 there were 1,813 people living in the municipality of Ober-Lichtewalde. The poor economic conditions in the weaving village led to a strong emigration. In 1874 Nieder-Lichtewalde broke away from Ober-Lichtewalde and formed its own community. In the course of the tourist development of the Lusatian Mountains, which began at the end of the 19th century, the place developed into a summer retreat, which was visited by day trippers from Bohemia and Saxony. With the new eavesdropping building built in 1882, the Saxon-Bohemian border was built over; the Bohemian part was given the address Ober-Lichtewalde 143, while the Saxon part was given the address Waltersdorf 334. On the Bohemian side of the guard , the Deutsche Wacht inn , usually called Zur Wache , and a tobacco shop were built . In 1890 Ober-Lichtewalde consisted of 146 houses and had 714 German-speaking residents. Before the First World War, Ober-Lichtewalde also developed into a meeting place for winter sports enthusiasts; The first downhill section was slope 13 on the southeast slope of the Lausche. In 1922 the village was connected to the electricity network. In 1930, 518 people lived in the municipality of Ober-Lichtenwalde with the hamlet of Jägerdörfel, a share of Hammer and the two-tier Lausche and Wache. On September 22, 1938 members of the Sudeten German Freikorps attacked the Czechoslovak customs office at the guard and kept it occupied until the next day. After the Munich Agreement , it was incorporated into the German Reich in 1938; until 1945 the municipality had the official name Ober Lichtenwalde and belonged to the district of Deutsch Gabel . In 1939 Ober Lichtenwalde had 463 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War, Horní Lichtenwald came back to Czechoslovakia and was renamed Horní Světlá in 1946. The Lauschebaude burned down on January 8, 1946. In 1946 and 1947, most of the German-Bohemian residents were expelled. The border to Germany was closed in 1947. In 1948 Dolní Světlá and Horní Světlá were united to form a municipality Světlá pod Luží and these were assigned to the Okres Nový Bor in the course of the abolition of the Okres Německé Jablonné. The chapel was demolished in 1949. In 1950 only 171 people lived in Světlá pod Luží. At the beginning of the 1950s, the border with the GDR was blocked with barbed wire and the houses in the border zone at the guard were blown up. In 1960 Světlá pod Luží came to Okres Česká Lípa . Since the 1960s, many of the uninhabited houses have been repaired as weekend houses. In 1966 the municipality of Světlá pod Luží was dissolved and its districts were added to the municipality of Krompach . Horní Světlá has been part of Mařenice since 1981 .

In 1991 Horní Světlá had 21 residents. In 2001 the village consisted of 75 houses in which 43 people lived. In total, the place consists of 123 houses, most of which are not permanently inhabited.

To the north of Horní Světlá are the Na třináctce (slope 13) and U Pitkina ski areas with lifts.

Local division

The district Horní Světlá consists of the basic settlement units Horní Světlá and Myslivny (hunting village) , it forms the cadastral district Horní Světlá pod Luž. There are also some houses from Hamr (Hammer) and the deserted areas Luž (Lausche) and Stráž (Wache) .

Attractions

• numerous half-timbered houses
• Listen
• Naděje dam
• Memorial stone for the forest worker Wenzel Roebisch, known as Teichwenz, who was killed while cutting wood in 1913 on the Kopřivnice

Web links

• The history of Dolní Světlá and Horní Světlá on the Mařenice Commune website
• Description of Dolní Světlá and Horní Světlá on luzicke-hory.cz

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/675024/Horni-Svetla-pod-Luzi
2. ↑ http://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1947-123
3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Bohemia, Bd. 2 Bunzlauer Kreis. 1834, p. 265.
4. ↑ http://infoladen-zittau.de/gedenkkultur/denkmal-fur-die-verteidiger-der-tschechischen- Republik-in-horni-svetla-wache-waltersdorf /
5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Deutsch Gabel (Czech. Jablonné v Podjestedí). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ http://www.czso.cz/csu/2009edicniplan.nsf/t/010028D080/$File/13810901.pdf
7. ↑ http://www.luzicke-hory.cz/info/index.php?pg=knpomn05d