Hubertus Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg

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Hubertus Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg (1971)

Hubertus Friedrich Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg (born October 14, 1906 at Schönwörth Castle , Tyrol ; † November 28, 1984 in Bonn ) was a German journalist, writer and politician ( FDP , DP from 1957 , CDU from 1958 ).

family

Hubertus Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg (left) with his wife (1940)
Prince Löwenstein's grave in the castle cemetery in Bad Godesberg

Hubertus came from the Count family of the Löwenstein-Scharffeneck, since 1552 a sideline of the Counts Löwenstein . He was the youngest son of Maximilian Graf von Löwenstein-Scharffeneck (1871–1952) and Constance Freiin von Worms (1871–1963). The parents' marriage ended in divorce in 1912; In 1915 the father married Adelheid Freiin von Berlichingen (1883–1970). Hubertus had two sisters and two brothers. He later took the name Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg .

Life

The romantic childhood at Schönwörth and in Gmunden was overshadowed by the divorce of his parents and the effects of the First World War. After attending school in Gmunden , Bamberg , Würzburg , Pasing and Klagenfurt , Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg began to study law and political science at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich in 1924 . He became a member of Herminonia in the Schwarzburgbund . When more and more Herminones sympathized with National Socialism, he resigned. He moved to the University of Hamburg , the University of Geneva and the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin . On April 4, 1929, he married Helga von Schuylenburg (1910-2004) in Palermo ; the marriage produced three daughters. After his legal clerkship at the Court of Appeal , he was promoted to Dr. iur. PhD. The staunch Republican pointed out the dangers of Hitler in his doctoral thesis. After completing his doctorate, Prince Löwenstein became an editor-in-chief for the Vossische Zeitung , the Berliner Tageblatt and the Berliner Börsen-Courier .

In 1933 he emigrated to Austria . From 1934 he was editor-in-chief and publisher of the weekly newspaper Das Reich in Saarbrücken . Löwenstein spoke out against the reintegration of the Saar area into National Socialist Germany and in favor of the extension of the League of Nations mandate with the aim of forming a German government in exile in Saarbrücken. Because of his book After Hitler's Fall - Germany's Coming Reich , his German citizenship was revoked on November 3, 1934 . In 1935 he went to England , in 1936 to the USA , where he received a professorship for constitutional law and history and in 1935 he founded the American Guild for German Cultural Freedom and the affiliated German Academy of Arts and Sciences in exile . The league actively campaigned for the republic in the Spanish Civil War . In 1941 he procured the historian Helmut Hirsch, who had fled to France, and his wife an emergency visa to the USA “at the last minute” and thus probably saved their lives.

Prince Löwenstein returned to Germany in 1946 and became head of the Caritas press office in Bremen in 1947 . In 1947 he received a teaching position for history and constitutional law at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg . 1950/51 he took part in actions to clear Heligoland . He then campaigned for the Saarland to return to Germany. He was a co-founder of the German Saar Association and co-editor of the Deutsche Saarzeitung .

For Die Zeit , he was head of the southern German editorial team from 1951 to 1953. On October 31, 1956, Löwenstein traveled to Budapest during the Hungarian uprising to support the rebels and to show through his presence that the German public was on the side of the rebels. He spoke on the radio and met with members of the government and the long-imprisoned Cardinal József Mindszenty . After the Soviet troops marched in, he was arrested, interrogated several times and finally deported. From 1960 to 1963 he was a city ​​councilor in Bad Godesberg. From 1960 to 1971 he was a special advisor to the Federal Government's Press and Information Office . From 1973 to 1984 he was President of the Free German Association of Authors .

Prince Löwenstein died at the age of 78 and was buried in the castle cemetery (Bad Godesberg) .

politics

During the Weimar Republic , Löwenstein belonged to the German Center Party . In the post-war period in Germany , he first joined the FDP , for which he sat in the German Bundestag from 1953 to 1957 . After the Free People's Party , a split from the FDP in 1956, had joined the German Party , he too left the FDP on June 6, 1957. On June 25, 1957, Löwenstein himself became a member of the DP and its Saarland state chairman. In later years he was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany .

In addition, during the Weimar Republic, Löwenstein was a member of the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold , which was supposed to counteract the steel helmet and the right-wing national and right-wing extremist parties, and built its children's organization for 10 to 14-year-old boys in the Berlin-Brandenburg district, the “Vorrupp Schwarz-Rot-Gold”, as a preliminary stage to the young banner . He belonged to the minority of the Reichsbanner, who advocated the “charismatic leader principle”, and intensively included elements of the Bund in the vanguard work. Even after the war he was involved in the Reichsbanner, which was newly founded in 1968, and from 1979 until his death he was the federal chairman of the association dominated by social democrats.

From 1953 to 1957 Prince Löwenstein was an FDP member of the Bundestag . In the Bundestag elections in 1957 , he missed re-entry into parliament, as the DP only won 0.7% of the vote in Saarland.

Honors

Memorial plaque in Berlin's Neue Kantstrasse

Works

In addition to numerous books and articles on political issues and a German history that has been reprinted several times , Löwenstein also wrote historical novels about people from the Roman Empire . The connoisseur's book of Capri resulted from his annual visits to Capri and his friendship with Roger Peyrefitte .

Historical-political writings

  • The tragedy of a people. Germany 1918–1934 . Steenuil publishing house, Amsterdam 1934.
  • German history . Scheffler, Frankfurt am Main 1951. 8th edition, Herbig, Munich, 1984, ISBN 3-7766-0920-6 .
  • Stresemann. The German fate in the mirror of his life . Scheffler, Frankfurt am Main 1952.
  • A little German story . Scheffler, Frankfurt am Main 1953.
  • with Volkmar von Zühlsdorff : Germany's fate 1945–1957 . Athenaeum, Bonn 1957.
  • with Volkmar von Zühlsdorff: Defense of the West . Athenaeum, Bonn 1960.
  • Ambassador without a mandate. Life story . Droste, Düsseldorf 1972, ISBN 3-7700-0316-0 .
  • Capri for connoisseurs . Langen-Müller, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-7844-1724-8 .
  • Rome. Endless empire . Propylaea, Frankfurt am Main 1979, ISBN 3-549-05356-8 .

Novels

  • Longinus' lance . Kerle, Heidelberg 1948.
  • The eagle and the cross. Legend . Kerle, Heidelberg 1950.
  • Seneca - emperor without purple. Philosopher, statesman and conspirator . Langen-Müller, Munich 1975, ISBN 3-7844-1573-3 .
  • Tiberius. The Republican on the throne of Caesar . Langen-Müller, Munich 1977.
  • Traianus. World ruler in the rise of Christianity . Langen Müller, Munich 1981, ISBN 3-7844-1905-4 .
  • Constantine the Great. Creator of Christian Europe . Langen Müller, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-7844-1994-1 .
  • Alabanda or the German youth in Greece . Langen Müller, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-7844-2092-3 .

literature

  • Frank Grobe: "The Saar to 'Helgolanders'" - Hubertus Prince zu Löwenstein's conception of the Saar. In: Klaus Malettke, Klaus Oldenhage (Hrsg.): Representations and sources on the history of the German unity movement in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Volume 20, Heidelberg 2012, pp. 188-222.
  • Eckhart Grünewald: The Reich and the "real Germany". The importance of Stefan George for Hubertus Prince zu Löwenstein (1900–1984), the organizer of the “German Academy of Arts and Sciences in Exile”. In: Barbara Schlieben (ed.): Historical images in the George circle. Wallstein-Verlag, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-89244-727-6 , pp. 379-389.
  • Hermann Ehmer:  Löwenstein, Hubertus. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 15, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-428-00196-6 , p. 100 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hubertus Loewenstein: A SPIEGEL page for Hubertus Prince zu Loewenstein. In: Der Spiegel. 2/1949.
  • Astrid von Pufendorf: Greetings as brothers. In: The daily newspaper. October 7, 2006.

Web links

Commons : Hubertus Prinz zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller : Man for man. P. 475.
  2. ↑ a b Frank Grobe: With corporate help. Sixty years ago the Saarland became German again . In: Student Courier. I / 17, pp. 4-5.
  3. ↑ Marc Zirlewagen: Biographies of the clubs German students. Volume 1: Members A-L . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2014, ISBN 978-3-7357-2288-1 , pp. 516-518.
  4. ^ Hubertus Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg: Outlines and ideas of the fascist state and their realization. Dissertation. 1931.
  5. ↑ Albert HV Kraus: “Freedom is indivisible!” The historian Helmut Hirsch. Path and work of a German emigrant against the backdrop of the 20th century . Self-published, Marpingen 2004, ISBN 3-00-012556-6 , p. 35.
  6. ↑ Der Spiegel 35/1953: Hubertus Friedrich
  7. ^ Karl Rohe : The Reichsbanner black-red-gold. Düsseldorf 1966, p. 121 f.
  8. ^ Announcement of awards of the Saarland Order of Merit . In: Head of the State Chancellery (Ed.): Official Gazette of the Saarland . No. 38 . Saarbrücker Zeitung Verlag und Druckerei GmbH, Saarbrücken November 12, 1980, p. 986 ( uni-saarland.de [PDF; 230 kB ; accessed on May 30, 2017]).
  9. ↑ Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller: Man for man. P. 476.
personal data
SURNAME Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg, Hubertus Prince too
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg, Hubertus too
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (DP) and journalist
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Schönwörth Castle , Tyrol
DATE OF DEATH November 28, 1984
Place of death Bonn