Ilmenau (river)
| Ilmenau | ||
 The course of the Ilmenau in Bad Bevensen |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | EN : 594 | |
| location | Germany , Lower Saxony | |
| River system | Elbe | |
| Drain over | Elbe → North Sea | |
| River basin district | Elbe | |
| origin | Confluence of Gerdau and Stederau in Uelzen OT Veerßen 52 ° 56 ′ 52 ″ N , 10 ° 33 ′ 13 ″ E |
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| Source height |
35 m above sea level NHN (Gerdau 70 m above sea level , Stederau 66 m above sea level )
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| muzzle | At Winsen (Luhe) OT Hoopte in the Elbe coordinates: 53 ° 23 '44 " N , 10 ° 10' 25" E 53 ° 23 '44 " N , 10 ° 10' 25" E |
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| Mouth height | 2 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | 33 m | |
| Bottom slope | 0.3 ‰ | |
| length | 109 km | |
| Catchment area | 2984 km² | |
| Discharge at the Bienenbüttel A Eo gauge : 1434 km² Location: 45 km above the mouth |
NNQ (September 5, 1975) MNQ 1956–2014 MQ 1956–2014 Mq 1956–2014 MHQ 1956–2014 HHQ (March 19, 1970) |
3.07 m³ / s 4.96 m³ / s 9.07 m³ / s 6.3 l / (s km²) 35 m³ / s 144 m³ / s |
| Outflow A Eo : 2984 km² at the mouth |
MQ Mq |
17.7 m³ / s 5.9 l / (s km²) |
| Left tributaries | Bienenbütteler Mühlenbach, Barnstedt Melbecker Bach, Hasenburger Mühlenbach, Luhe | |
| Right tributaries | Wipperau, Röbbelbach, Wohbeck, Vierenbach, Dieksbach, Neetze Canal, Neetze , Ilaugraben | |
| Medium-sized cities | Uelzen , Lüneburg , Winsen (Luhe) | |
| Small towns | Bad Bevensen | |
| Communities | Bardowick , Bienenbüttel , Emmendorf , Melbeck, Deutsch Evern , Jelmstorf , Wittorf , Drage | |
| Navigable | 28.84 km | |
The Ilmenau (official abbreviation: Im) is a 109 km long left and southern tributary of the Elbe in northeastern Lower Saxony ( Germany ) with the source river Stederau . With an average water flow of around 18 m³ / s, it is by far the largest river in the Lüneburg Heath . From the northwest edge of the Brausebrücke at the Abtsmühle in Lüneburg to the confluence with the Elbe at km 599, it is a federal waterway for which the Lauenburg Waterways and Shipping Office is responsible.
course
The river arises in the Lüneburg Heath south of Uelzen from the source rivers Gerdau (coming from the northwest, slightly larger) and Stederau (coming from the south, slightly longer). The Ilmenau flows from Uelzen, where water also flows from the east through the Wipperau , in a mostly northerly direction via Bad Bevensen , Bienenbüttel and Lüneburg to Winsen . There, in Stöckte , it takes its largest tributary , the Luhe coming from the south . Even before that, west of Barum , the Ilmenau meets the Neetze Canal coming from the right, which was built in the 19th century between Walmsworth near Rullstorf and St. Dionys . 300 m further, the Barumer Schöpfwerkskanal joins, also from the right, a connection between the Neetze and the Ilmenau. From here to a good 4 km before it flows into the Elbe, the natural course of the river was replaced by a diked artificial water bed in 1886–1890. This 11.6 km long side canal, the "Ilmenau Canal", shortens the shipping route by 6 km. At the same time a pumping station was built in Laßrönne . Before that, the Ilmenau flowed wildly through this valley. The old Ilmenau's bed is still preserved near Tönnhausen . At Hoopte , the district of Winsen (Luhe) in the far northwest, the Ilmenau flows from the south into the Elbe flowing in from the east . Was at the mouth of Ilmenau in 1974 to protect against storm surges , the Ilmenau barrage commissioned.
Water quality
From its source area to Lüneburg, the Ilmenau has the water quality II: moderately polluted (betamesosaprob). North of Lüneburg to the mouth of the Elbe, the water quality II – III: critically polluted (beta to alphamesosaprobic).
Traffic routes
The Ilmenau is navigable from Lüneburg (km 0.00) downstream for 28.84 km and classified as an inland waterway : km 0.00 to the underwater lock Fahrenholz, class I, from there to the mouth, class III. On the route from Lüneburg to Hoopte there are three locks (at Bardowick , km 5.60, Wittorf , km 12.35 and Fahrenholz , km 17.70) to pass. The locks are each 45 m long and 6.5 m wide. The underwater of the Fahrenholz lock is already in the tidal area of the Elbe. The unloading depth is 0.9 m, the bridge clearance height at the Ilmenau barrage is 7.20 m above the mean tidal water level. The traffic engineering significance of the Ilmenau is low today. In the past, it established the connection between the Stöckter port as a protective port for inland waterway vessels and the port of transshipment, via which, for example, a wood processing factory in Winsen (Luhe) delivers by water. An excursion boat that used to travel upstream and downstream from Lüneburg has also stopped its trips.
The Ilmenau Cycle Path was opened on August 14, 2009 . It leads from Bad Bodenteich or for more experienced cyclists alternatively from the museum village Hösseringen on a distance of 120 km to Hoopte an der Elbe.
water sports
In the section between Uelzen and Lüneburg, the Ilmenau offers a brisk current with only one weir below Bad Bevensen and beautiful landscapes. It is therefore well suited for hiking trips by canoe . In Bienenbüttel there is a canoe station with a canoe safe and a mobile home parking space with attached tents near the town center.
Culture
In Bienenbüttel, the twelve-part sculpture trail was created along the Ilmenau as part of the “Kunstraum Ilmenau” project.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b NLWKN: Ilmenausperrwerk, water management data (accessed on January 26, 2014); Note: the Ilmen lock is 300 meters above the mouth; its data thus sufficiently represent those of the river as a whole.
- ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Elbe Region, Part III 2014. (PDF) ISSN 0949-3654. Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Hamburg Port Authority, p. 144 , accessed on October 4, 2017 (German, at: dgj.de).
- ↑ Note: Before the Örtze and the Böhme with around 6 m³ / s each.
- ↑ Annex 1 - Directory of the federal inland waterways serving general traffic. In: ELWIS . Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration , accessed on March 5, 2020 .
- ↑ NLWKN: Water quality of the source area of the Ilmenau
- ↑ NLWKN: water quality Ilmenau-Mitte
- ↑ NLWKN: Water quality Ilmenau-Luhe
- ↑ Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration: Lengths (in km) of the main shipping lanes (main routes and certain secondary routes) of the federal inland waterways ( Memento of the original from January 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bienenbüttel canoe station
- ↑ Bienenbüttel sculpture trail
literature
- M. Eckoldt (Hrsg.): Rivers and canals, The history of the German waterways . DSV-Verlag, Hamburg 1998.
