Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet"
|
Jagdgeschwader 3 |
|
|---|---|
 Squadron badge |
|
| active | May 1, 1939 to May 8, 1945 |
| Country |
.svg){kind=small} German Empire
|
| Armed forces | Wehrmacht |
| Armed forces | air force |
| Branch of service | Air force |
| Type | Jagdgeschwader |
| structure | Squadron staff and 4 groups |
| Nickname | "Jagdgeschwader Udet" |
| Aircraft type |
Messerschmitt Bf 109 Focke-Wulf Fw 190 |
| Second World War |
Western campaign Battle of Britain, Eastern Front, African campaign, Battle of Stalingrad, Western Front |
| Squadron commodors | |
| First commodore |
Max-Josef Ibel Lieutenant Colonel |
| Last commodore |
Werner Schroer Major |
The Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" (JG 3) was a traditional wing of the German Air Force in the Second World War , named after the fighter pilot in the First World War , Ernst Udet .
history
Positioning and restructuring
On May 1, 1939, the staff of Jagdgeschwader 231 stationed in Bernburg an der Saale became the staff of the newly founded JG 3.It was subordinate to the groups of JG 3 from January 1940 on the I. Group of Jagdgeschwader 20 and from February 1940 to 19 April 1940 the II. Group of Jagdgeschwader 27 . The squadron staff was subordinated to the 1st Air Corps on June 4, 1940 in Le Val Heureux . At the beginning of 1941 he was subordinate to Fighter Pilot 2 and from June 22, 1941 to the V Fliegerkorps of Air Fleet 4 . On June 25th he was assigned to the I. Group of Lehrgeschwader 2 for four days , on August 1st the III. Group of Jagdgeschwader 52 , which left on September 12th. The squadron staff was subordinated to the II Air Corps on September 27, 1941. On May 19, 1942, the staff was subordinate to the 8th Air Corps. From July 31 to September 27, the I. Group of Jagdgeschwader 53 , from September 23, 1942, I./JG 52, was under the command of the squadron staff. He was subordinated to the 7th Hunting Division on November 8th.
The I. Group of JG 3 was formed on the same day by renaming the II./JG 231 and on January 13, 1940 the staff of the Jagdgeschwader 77 , after the transfer of the group to Berneuil in northern France in preparation for the case of Rot , the staff of the Subordinated to JG 3. It consisted of three squadrons and on October 1, 1941 became an independent fighter group within JG 3, which was subordinate to the Fighter Pilot in Central , from December 9 to the Luftwaffe Commander in Central , three days later to the Fighter Pilot in Holland and from November 20, 1941 was assigned to the II. Air Corps. On January 15, 1942, Group I of JG 3 was renamed Group II of Jagdgeschwader 1 “Oesau” . On January 20, a new I./JG 3 was formed from the staff and the 1st (operational) squadron of the supplementary group of JG 3, which now formed group staff and 1./JG 3. 2nd and 3rd squadrons of JG 3 emerged from the squadrons of Jagdgeschwader 53, 54 and 77; The I. Group was again under the squadron staff of JG 3. The I. Group was expanded on September 10, 1943 by a 4th squadron, which was formed from the 1st to 3rd squadron. It was disbanded on February 19, 1945 in Paderborn , the remaining squadrons on March 31, 1945 in Neubrandenburg .
Group II of JG 3 was created on February 1, 1940 in the course of the cell division in Zerbst from parts of Group I of JG 1 and 21 as well as parts of Jagdgeschwader 2 , Group II of Jagdgeschwader 26 and Group I of Lehrgeschwader 2 and consisted of squadrons 4 to 6. From May 19, 1940, she was subordinate to the staff of JG 77, from June 4 again to the staff of JG 3. On October 16, 1941, she left her subordination to the squadron staff. The group was assigned to the staff of JG 53 on January 18, 1942, but from May 19, was again subordinated to the squadron staff of JG 3, and came under the Luftwaffenkommando Ost on September 9, 1942, until they joined the The encirclement of the 6th Army in Stalingrad was again subject to the squadron staff of JG 3. From September 12, 1943 she was subordinate to the fighter pilot in the Netherlands / Ruhr area . The 4th season of the II. Group was renamed the 7th season on August 15, 1944 and the 4./JG 52 was incorporated as the 8th season of the II. Group. On November 25th the group was disbanded; the group staff was given up to the staff of the 1st group of the Jagdgeschwader 7 , 5th, 7th and 8th squadron to the 1st to 3rd / JG 7 and the 6th squadron. It was replaced by II./JG 7, unnamed as II./JG 3. Group II of JG 3 was disbanded on May 3, 1945 in the North Frisian town of Leck .
The III. Group of JG 3 was set up on March 1, 1940 at Jena -Rödigen air base. It was created from parts of the I. and II./JG 77 as well as parts of the I., III./JG 26 and the carrier group II./186 and comprised the squadrons 7 to 9. On March 28, 1940 to protect the Reich territory the staff Subordinated to JG 26, she was subordinate to the staff of JG 77 for two days and was reassigned to the staff of JG 3 on June 4. In the course of the transfer of the group to Guînes in northern France on July 12, 1940 , it was assigned to the staff of Jagdgeschwader 51 , but nine days later after being transferred back to the Reich territory again under the staff of JG 3. From February 10, 1942, the III./JG 3 defense of the Russian winter offensive was subordinate to the I. Fliegerkorps, from August 3, 1943 to the "Jagdfliegerführer Holland / Ruhrgebiet" and from August 23 again to the squadron staff of JG 3 August 1944 was an extension of the III. Group held around a relay; The 7th and 8th seasons were renamed to the 10th and 11th and 7./JG 52 added as the new 12./JG 3. This was disbanded on February 15, 1945 in the Pasewalk / Franzfelde air base , the other squadrons of III. Group on April 30th in Leck.
On October 1, 1940, a supplementary squadron was set up at the Saint-Omer-Wizernes airfield in northern France and subordinated directly to the squadron staff. At the beginning of April 1941 she formed the supplementary group of JG 3 with the independent 10th squadron of JG 3, founded in Brombos in February 1941 , which became the 1st (operational) squadron, and became its 2nd (school) squadron itself. In mid-April, the group received its own staff and from July 1941 was directly in the air district command in Holland, and from August on the staff of the night fighter squadron 1 . On December 29th, the 1st (operational) squadron left the supplementary group and became the 7th squadron of Jagdgeschwader 5 ; a new 1st (operational) squadron was set up until January 20, 1942 and renamed as 1./JG 3 part of the new I./JG 3. By renaming the group staff to the staff of I./JG 3 and the separation of the 2nd (school) season as the 1st season of the supplementary group south, the supplementary group of JG 3 was dissolved.
At the beginning of December 1942, pilots from the three groups of the squadron were formed a "space protection squadron" for the Pitomnik airfield in the Stalingrad basin .
The fourth group of JG 3 was set up on June 1, 1943 in Neubiberg , Bavaria ; the 10th squadron arose from parts of the I., the 11th from aircraft of the II. and the 12th squadron from duties of the III. Group of JG 3. On August 12, 1943, she was subordinated to the staff of JG 77 and on April 15, 1944 was given the designation IV. (Storm) Group / JG 54. After the 11./JG 3 was dissolved on May 8th it formed anew from the squadron's storm squadron. On August 10, 1944, 10.-12./JG 3 became 13.-15./JG 3, 2./JG 51 became the 16th squadron of the fourth group. This was disbanded on February 6, 1945 in Prenzlau , the other squadrons of Group IV on May 2 in Westerland .
Commanders
Squadron commodors
| Rank | Surname | time |
|---|---|---|
| Lieutenant colonel | Max-Josef Ibel | May 1, 1939 |
| Lieutenant colonel | Karl Vieck | September 26, 1939 |
| Lieutenant colonel | Günther Lützow | August 21, 1940 |
| Colonel | Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke | August 12, 1942 |
| major | Friedrich-Karl Müller | March 24, 1944 |
| major | Oskar-Heinrich Bear | June 1, 1944 |
| major | Werner Schroer | February 14, 1945 |
Group commanders
- I. group
- Major Otto Heinrich von Houwald, May 1, 1939
- Captain Günther Lützow , November 3, 1939
- First Lieutenant Lothar Keller, August 24, 1940 to August 27, 1940
- Captain Hans von Hahn, August 27, 1940
- Captain Georg Michalek, March 1, 1942
- Major Klaus Quaet-Faslem, August 31, 1942
- Captain Joachim von Wehren, February 1, 1944
- Captain Josef Haiböck , February 8, 1944
- Major Karl-Heinz Langer, February 25, 1944
- Captain Helmut Mertens, April 14, 1944
- Captain Ernst Laube, July 1, 1944
- Captain Horst Haase, October 30, 1944
- Captain Albert Wirges, November 27, 1944
- Lieutenant Alfred Seidel, December 1944
- II group
- Captain Erich von Selle, February 1, 1940
- Captain Erich Woitke, October 1, 1940
- Captain Lothar Keller, November 24, 1940
- Captain Gordon M. Gollob , June 27, 1941
- Captain Karl-Heinz Krahl, November 21, 1941
- Major Kurt Brändle, April 15, 1942
- Captain Heinrich Sannemann, November 3, 1943
- Captain Wilhelm Lemke, November 1943
- Captain Heinrich Sannemann, December 4, 1943
- Captain Detlev Rohwer, February 1944
- Captain Heinrich Sannemann, March 30, 1944
- Captain Hermann Freiherr Kapherr, April 22, 1944
- Lieutenant Leopold Münster , April 24, 1944
- Captain Gustav Frielinghaus, May 1, 1944
- Captain Hans-Ekkehard Bob , June 25, 1944
- Captain Herbert Kutscha, July 1944
- Captain Gerhard Baeker, November 25, 1944
- III. group
- Captain Walter Kienitz, March 1, 1940
- Captain Wilhelm Balthasar , September 1, 1940
- Captain Walter Oesau , November 11, 1940
- Captain Werner Andres, August 1, 1941
- First Lieutenant Herbert Kijewski, September 1, 1941
- Major Karl-Heinz Greisert, May 18, 1942
- Major Wolfgang Ewald, July 23, 1942
- Major Walther Dahl , July 20, 1943
- Major Karl-Heinz Langer, May 21, 1944
- IV. Group
- Major Franz Beyer, June 1, 1943
- Captain Heinz Lang, February 11, 1944
- Major Friedrich-Karl Müller, February 26, 1944
- Captain Heinz Lang, April 11, 1944
- Major Wilhelm Moritz, April 18, 1944
- Captain Hubert-York Weydenhammer, December 5, 1944
- Major Erwin Bacsila, January 5, 1945
- Oberleutnant Oskar Romm, February 17, 1945
- Captain Gerhard Koall, April 25, 1945
- Captain Günther Schack , May 1, 1945
Known squadron members
- Heinrich von Einsiedel (1921–2007), from 1994 to 1998 member of the German Bundestag for the PDS
- Gordon M. Gollob (1912–1987), 1948 General Secretary of the Austrian party Association of Independents
- Josef Haiböck (1917–2002) was in 1975, as major general of the Austrian Armed Forces , commander of the aviation division
- Max-Josef Ibel (1896–1981), was from 1957 to 1961, as Brigadier General of the Air Force of the German Armed Forces , commander of the 1st Air Defense Division
literature
- Christer Bergström: Barbarossa - The Air Battle: July – December 1941 . London: Chervron / Ian Allen. ISBN 978-1-85780-270-2
- Joel S. Hayward: Stopped at Stalingrad: The Luftwaffe and Hitler's Defeat in the East 1942–1943 . University Press of Kansas. ISBN 0-7006-1146-0
- John Manrho Ron Putz: Base plate: The Luftwaffe's Last Hope – The Attack on Allied Airfields, New Year's Day 1945 . Hikoki Publications. ISBN 1-902109-40-6
- Jochen Prien & Gerhard Stemmer: Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" in World War II . Atglen, USA: Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 0-7643-1681-8
- John Weal: Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Aces of the Western Front . Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-85532-595-0
- Wolfgang Dierich: The air force associations 1935-1945 . Outlines and short chronicles, a documentation. Ed .: Wolfgang Dierich. Verlag Heinz Nickel , Zweibrücken 1993, ISBN 3-925480-15-3 (703 pages).
