Jetiw

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Stress mark or accent unicode block Hebrew
character
֚
Unicode U + 059A
Jetiw (Ashkenazi, Sephardic)
יְ֚תִיב
Shofar Jetiw (Italian)
שׁ֚וֹפָר יְתִיב
Jathiw mukdom (Yemeni)
יְ֚תִיב מֻקְדָּם

Jetiw ֚ ( Hebrew יְ֚תִיב) is a trope (from Yiddish טראָפּtrop) in the Jewish liturgy and is one of the biblical sentence, stress and cantillation symbols Teamim that appear in the Tanach .

description

Jetiw
יְ֚תִיב ֤ ֚דָּבָר
Biblical stress marks
Sof pasuq ֽ ׃   Paseq ׀
Etnachta ֑   Segol ֒
Schalschelet ֓   Zakef katan ֔
Zakef gadol ֕   Tipcha ֖
Rewia ֗   Zinnorite ֘
Pashta ֙   Jetiw ֚
Tewir ֛   Geresch ֜
Geresch muqdam ֝   Gerzhayim ֞
Qarne para ֟   Telisha gedola ֠
Pazer ֡   Atnach hafuch ֢
Munach ֣   Mahpach ֤
Mercha ֥   Mercha kefula ֦
Darga ֧   Qadma ֨
Telisha qetanna ֩   Jerach ben jomo ֪
Ole we-Jored ֫ ֥   Illuj ֬
Dechi ֭   Zarqa ֮
Rewia gadol ֗   Rewia mugrasch ֜ ֗
Rewia qaton ֗   Mahpach legarmeh ֤ ׀
Azla legarmeh ֨ ׀ Kadma we-asla ֨ ֜
Maqqef - Meteg ֽ

In the Ashkenazi and Sephardic tradition, the accent mark is called Jetiv . In the Italian tradition it is called Shofar Jetiv . In the Yemeni tradition, it is also called Jathiw mukdom .

Symbol: Comparison of Jetiv with Mahpach

Jetiw ֚ uses the same symbol as the Trope Mahpach ֤. The symbol appears at the Trope Jetiw at the beginning of the word and on the right, lower side of the vowel, see יְ֚תִיב. In the case of Trope Mahpach, however, the symbol appears to the left under the first letter of the stressed syllable. In letterpress the symbol of Trope Jetiw is printed at an acute angle than the <symbol of Trope Mahpach.

commitment

Jetiw is used in the Sakef-katon tropical group. Jetiw is used instead of Pashta when the word is stressed on the first syllable and no conjunctive words precede the Jetiw word. As a rule, Jetiw appears on one- or two-syllable words and is never preceded by a conjunction.

Occurrence

The table shows the occurrence of jetiv in the 21 books

Part of the Tanakh Jetiw
Torah 356
Front prophets 279
Rear prophets 368
Ketuvim 178
total 1181

literature

  • William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the three so-called poetical books on the Old Testament, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. 1881 ( archive.org ).
  • William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the twenty-one so-called prose books of the Old Testament. 1887 ( archive.org ).
  • Francis L. Cohen: Cantillation . In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): The Jewish Encyclopedia . tape III . KTAV Publishing House, New York, S. 542-548 (1901-1906).
  • Solomon Rosowsky: The Cantillation of the Bible. The Five Books of Moses . The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957.
  • James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible . Volume I: Concordance of the Hebrew Accents used in the Pentateuch . Edwin Mellon Press, Lewiston, New York 1996, ISBN 0-7734-2395-8 .
  • Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . 1st edition. Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2002, ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 .
  • Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. Student Edition . The Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2005, ISBN 0-8276-0816-0 ( books.google.co.uk - limited preview).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . Jewish Publication Society. Philadelphia 2002. ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 , pp. 407, 936
  2. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 3: Trop. «In Yiddish, the lingua franca of the Jews in Northern Europe […], these accents came to at known as trop . The derivation of this word seems to be from the Greek tropos or Latin tropus  ».
  3. ↑ Solomon Rosowsky: The cantillation of the Bible. The Five Books of Moses . The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957 .: "Cantillation proceeds according to the special graphic signs - tropes or accents - attached to every word in the Bible."
  4. ^ Jacobson (2005), p. 221.
  5. ^ Jacobson (2005), p. 55.
  6. ↑ James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance…. 1st volume, p. 5.