Dechi

Stress mark or accent unicode block Hebrew
character	֭
Unicode	U + 05AD
Dechi	֭דֶּחִי

Dechi ֭ ( Hebrew דֶּחִי֭) is a trope (from Yiddish טראָפּtrop) in the Jewish liturgy and is one of the biblical sentence, accentuation and cantillation symbols Teamim that occur in the Tanach . Dechi is one of the signs that are used in the three poetic books of Job , the Book of Proverbs and the Book of Psalms , and therefore belongs to the Ta'amei Sifrei Emet, the accentuation marks of the poetic books.

description

Dechi

֭דֶּחִי

֭

֭דָּבׇר

Biblical stress marks

ֽ ׃

׀

֑

֒

֓

֔

֕

֖

֗

֘

֙

֚

֛

֜

֝

֞

֟

֠

֡

֢

֣

֤

֥

֦

֧

֨

֩

֪

֫ ֥

֬

֭

֮

֗

֜ ֗

֗

֤ ׀

֨ ׀

֨ ֜

-

ֽ

symbol

The symbol of Dechi looks like the symbol of Tipcha , but is placed in front of the word. Dechi is a prepositional accent, which means that the accent precedes the word. The sign can be repeated on the tone syllable if it is not the first syllable of the word.

grammar

A 1st level disjunctive accent is called an emperor, a second level disjunctive accent is called a king, and a 3rd level disjunctive accent is a duke, while a 4th level disjunctive accent is a count. Dechi is a disjunctive accent of the third level and has the task of the duke before Etnachta or before the king Rewia mugrasch .

A verse can be divided into one, two, or three stitches. A single-stitch verse without atnach is divided by dechi .

A Dechi segment can contain an Azla legarmeh as a subordinate separator and a Pazer as a further removed separator.

Dechi can stand alone or be preceded by a conjunctive sign. If Dechi has a conjunction, this is Munach; a Mahpach or a Zinnorit-Mahpach can appear in front of it as a further conjunction.

Occurrence

Dechi is one of the Ta'amei Sifrei Emet טַעֲמֵי סִפְרֵי אֱמֶ"ת. "Emet" is an acronym consisting of the Hebrew first letters of the books of Jobאִיוֹב= Aleph , proverbsמִשְלֵי(Mischle) = meme and psalmsתְהִלִּים(Tehilim) = Taw , there are also vowels to be able to pronounce the term. The table shows the occurrence of Dechi in the three poetic books.

Part of the Tanakh	Dechi
Psalms	1412
Job	645
claims	657
total	2684

literature

William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the three so-called poetical books on the Old Testament, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. 1881 ( archive.org ).
William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the twenty-one so-called prose books of the Old Testament. 1887 ( archive.org ).
Arthur Davis: The Hebrew accents of the twenty-one Books of the Bible (K "A Sefarim) with a new introduction. 1900 ( archive.org ).
Francis L. Cohen: Cantillation . In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): The Jewish Encyclopedia . tape III . KTAV Publishing House, New York, S. 542-548 (1901-1906).
Solomon Rosowsky: The Cantillation of the Bible. The Five Books of Moses . The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957.
Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . 1st edition. Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2002, ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 .
James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible . Volume V: Concordance of the Hebrew Accents used in the Poetic Books . Edwin Mellon Press, Lewiston (New York) 1996, ISBN 0-7734-2403-2 .

Individual evidence

^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407.
^ Jacobson (2002), p. 928: "aramaic a disjunctive accent in the poetic books".
^ Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . Jewish Publication Society. Philadelphia 2002. ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 , pp. 407, 936
^ Jacobson (2002), p. 3: Trop. «In Yiddish, the lingua franca of the Jews in Northern Europe […], these accents came to at known as trop . The derivation of this word seems to be from the Greek tropos or Latin tropus ».
↑ Solomon Rosowsky: The cantillation of the Bible . The Five Books of Moses. The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957 .: "Cantillation proceeds according to the special graphic signs - tropes or accents - attached to every word in the Bible." In connection with a footnote to tropes : "In this work we use the term trope ( Greek tropos - turn) long accepted in Jewish practice. "
^ Wickes, Prose Books, p. 17
^ Wilhelm Gesenius , Hebrew Grammar, p.62 . Gesenius also uses the Latin terms Imperatores, Reges, Duces, Comites.
^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407: "A verse may be divided into one, two or three stichs. A one-stich verse is divided by dehi, which looks like tipcha but is under the last letter of the word. "
↑ James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible , Volume V p. 1095.

[1] Jacobson (2002), p. 407.

[2] Jacobson (2002), p. 928: "aramaic a disjunctive accent in the poetic books".

[3] Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . Jewish Publication Society. Philadelphia 2002. ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 , pp. 407, 936

[4] Jacobson (2002), p. 3: Trop. «In Yiddish, the lingua franca of the Jews in Northern Europe […], these accents came to at known as trop . The derivation of this word seems to be from the Greek tropos or Latin tropus ».

[5] Solomon Rosowsky: The cantillation of the Bible . The Five Books of Moses. The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957 .: "Cantillation proceeds according to the special graphic signs - tropes or accents - attached to every word in the Bible." In connection with a footnote to tropes : "In this work we use the term trope ( Greek tropos - turn) long accepted in Jewish practice. "

[6] Wickes, Prose Books, p. 17

[7] Wilhelm Gesenius , Hebrew Grammar, p.62 . Gesenius also uses the Latin terms Imperatores, Reges, Duces, Comites.

[8] Jacobson (2002), p. 407: "A verse may be divided into one, two or three stichs. A one-stich verse is divided by dehi, which looks like tipcha but is under the last letter of the word. "

[Price1095-9] James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible , Volume V p. 1095.