Telisha gedola

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Stress mark or accent unicode block Hebrew
character
֠
Unicode U + 05A0
Telischa Gedola (Ashkenazi)
תְּ֠לִישָא גְדוֹלָה
Tirtzah (Sephardic)
תִּ֠רְצָה
Talsha (Italian)
תַּ֠לְשָׁא
Tilsho Jomin (Yemeni)
תִּלְשָׁא יָמִין

Telisha gedola ֠ ( Hebrew תְּלִשָׁא-גְדוֹלָ֠ה) is a trope (from Yiddish טראָפּtrop) in the Jewish liturgy and is one of the biblical sentence, stress and cantillation symbols Teamim that appear in the Tanach .

In the Ashkenazi tradition, the accent sign is called Telisha gedola , which means great Telisha . The Sephardic called tradition Tirtzah (תִּ֠רְצָה), while the Italian tradition as Talsha referred (תַּ֠לְשָׁא). In the Yemeni tradition it is also called Tilsho Jomin (תִּלְשָׁא יָמִין). The Yemeni tradition uses the Hebrew word Jamin (יָמִין, dt .: right) to refer to the symbol that is on the right at the beginning of the word and points to the right.

Telisha gedola
תְּ֠לִישָא גְדוֹלָה ֠ דָּ֠בָר
Biblical stress marks
Sof pasuq ֽ ׃   Paseq ׀
Etnachta ֑   Segol ֒
Schalschelet ֓   Zakef katan ֔
Zakef gadol ֕   Tipcha ֖
Rewia ֗   Zinnorite ֘
Pashta ֙   Jetiw ֚
Tewir ֛   Geresch ֜
Geresch muqdam ֝   Gerzhayim ֞
Qarne para ֟   Telisha gedola ֠
Pazer ֡   Atnach hafuch ֢
Munach ֣   Mahpach ֤
Mercha ֥   Mercha kefula ֦
Darga ֧   Qadma ֨
Telisha qetanna ֩   Jerach ben jomo ֪
Ole we-Jored ֫ ֥   Illuj ֬
Dechi ֭   Zarqa ֮
Rewia gadol ֗   Rewia mugrasch ֜ ֗
Rewia qaton ֗   Mahpach legarmeh ֤ ׀
Azla legarmeh ֨ ׀ Kadma we-asla ֨ ֜
Maqqef - Meteg ֽ

symbol

The symbol of Telischa gedola consists of a small circle with a small line pointing down to the left. The accent is placed in front and appears at the top right at the end of the word. The appearance and position of the symbol is a mirror image of the symbol of Telisha qetanna and can easily be confused with it.

grammar

Telischa Gedola is a weak disjunctive accent of the fourth level that is used to further subdivide segments of Rewia , Pashta , Tewir, or Zarqa . Sometimes it also divides a Geresch segment. Often it appears qetanna instead of Telisha.

Combinations

Telisha gedola and Gerzhayim on one word

There are cases where Telisha gedola ֠ and Gerershajim ֞ ( Hebrew גֵּרְשַׁ֞יִם) coincide on one word. Jacobson illustrates this and a. in the examples Gen 5,29  BHS (זֶ֞֠ה), Lev 10,4  BHS (קִ֠רְב֞וּ).

Telischa gedola and Munach

If there are two words in a Telisha-Gedola segment, then the previous conjunction is Munach .

Jacobson gives the examples Ex 12,27 BHS אֲשֶׁ֣ר פָּ֠סַח, Gen 27,15 BHS וַתִּקַּ֣ח רִ֠בְקָה, Gen 50,17 BHS שָׂ֣א נָ֠א, Gen 18,2 BHS ס֣וּרוּ נָ֠א, Gen 41,27 BHS וְשֶׁ֣בַע הַ֠פָּרֹות.

Telischa gedola and Munach and Munach

If there are three words in a Telisha Gedolah segment, then the preceding conjunctive accents of Telisha Gedola are the conjunctions Munach and Munach.

Jacobson illustrates this and a. using the examples Dtn 29.6  BHS (וַיֵּצֵ֣א סִיחֹ֣ן מֶֽלֶךְ־חֶ֠שְׁבֹּון), Lev 13.3  BHS (וְרָאָ֣ה הַכֹּהֵ֣ן אֶת־הַנֶּ֣גַע בְּעֹֽור־הַ֠בָּשָׂר).

Occurrence

The table shows the occurrence of Telischa gedola in the 21 books.

Part of the Tanakh Telisha gedola
Torah 266
Front prophets 355
Rear prophets 238
Ketuvim 335
total 1194

literature

  • William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the three so-called poetical books on the Old Testament, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. 1881 ( archive.org ).
  • William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the twenty-one so-called prose books of the Old Testament. 1887 ( archive.org ).
  • Arthur Davis: The Hebrew accents of the twenty-one Books of the Bible (K "A Sefarim) with a new introduction. 1900 ( archive.org ).
  • Francis L. Cohen: Cantillation . In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): The Jewish Encyclopedia . tape III . KTAV Publishing House, New York, S. 542-548 (1901-1906).
  • Solomon Rosowsky: The Cantillation of the Bible. The Five Books of Moses . The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957.
  • James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible . Volume I: Concordance of the Hebrew Accents used in the Pentateuch . Edwin Mellon Press, Lewiston, New York 1996, ISBN 0-7734-2395-8 .
  • Louis Jacobs: The Jewish Religion. A companion . Oxford University Press, Oxford / New York 1995, OCLC 31938398 .
  • Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . 1st edition. Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2002, ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 .
  • Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. Student Edition . The Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2005, ISBN 0-8276-0816-0 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 3: Trop. «In Yiddish, the lingua franca of the Jews in Northern Europe […], these accents came to at known as trop . The derivation of this word seems to be from the Greek tropos or Latin tropus  ».
  2. ↑ Solomon Rosowsky: The cantillation of the Bible . The Five Books of Moses. The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957 .: "Cantillation proceeds according to the special graphic signs - tropes or accents - attached to every word in the Bible."
  3. ↑ "Telishah gedolah is placed over the right edge of the first letter of the word [...] Telishah gedolah is a (minor) disjunctive, indicating a slight separation from the following word." Jacobson (2005), p. 222.
  4. ↑ Jacobson (2005), p. 73 and p. 236: "A level-four disjunctive accent."
  5. ↑ a b c Jacobson (2005), p. 73.
  6. ↑ a b c Jacobson (2005), p. 74.
  7. ↑ James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance…. 1st volume, p. 5.